题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we 33 ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage 34 our attention, we also see the importance of the 35 players and the scenery of the 36 itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the 37 to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full 38 of society’s understanding—the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are 39 to the next generation.
Education in any society is a 40 of the society. We can see in it the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the 41 values of the culture itself. The great 42 in exceptional children shown in public education over the past thirty years 43 the strong feeling in our society that all 44 , whatever their special conditions, have a right to get the chance to fully develop their abilities.
“All man are created equal.” We’ve 45 it many times, but it still has an important meaning for education in a democratic society. 46 the phrase was used by this country’s founders to express equality before the 47 , it has also been explained to mean equality of education. That 48 educational chance for all children—the right of each child to 49 help in learning to the limit of his or her ability, whether that ability is small or great. Recent 50 decisions have made certain of the right of children—disabled or not—to a suitable education, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education.
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:C
小题5:C
小题6:A
小题7:D
小题8:C
小题9:B
小题10:D
小题11:A
小题12:A
小题13:C
小题14:D
小题15:B
小题16:B
小题17:C
小题18:A
小题19:D
小题20:B
解析
试题分析：本文的核心概念是残疾儿童（exceptional children）的教育。要让残疾儿童充分发展自己的潜能，必须调整对他们的教育，以适应他们与正常儿童的差异。然后作者指出重视残疾儿童的教育这一点反映了教育机会平等的思潮。小题1:考查动词及语境的理解。A. see看见；B. develop发展；C. come 来；D. expand扩张。根据下文to their growth and development.为了让这些孩子发展（develop）其全部的成人后的潜能，他们的教育必须适应这些不同的情况。故选B。
小题2:考查名词及语境的理解。 A. education教育；B. potential潜能；C. school学校；D. family家庭。根据下文in exceptional children shown in public education over the past thirty years可知这里指的是教育。为了让这些孩子发展（develop）其全部的成人后的潜能，他们的教育（education）必须适应这些不同的情况。故选A。
小题3:考查动词及语境的理解。 A. feel感觉；B. find认为，发现；C. leave 离开；D. prevent预防。And it is in the public schools that we find the full 38 of society’s understanding可知尽管我们在关注这些特殊孩子，但是我们也发现能够描述他们的成长环境。故选B。
小题4:考查动词及语境的理解。 A. pays支付；B. loses失去； C. draws one’s attention吸引某人注意；D. sees看见。draws one’s attention吸引某人注意，是固定短语。当舞台上的主演吸引我们注意的时候，根据句意故选C。
小题5:考查名词及语境的理解。A. male男人；B. female女人； C. supporting支持；D. performing表演，履行。根据后面players及前面的importance应该是支持或鼓励。同时我们也发现同伴的支持（supporting）鼓励和舞台场景的重要性。故选C。
小题6:考查名词及语境的理解。A. play表演，演奏；B. director导演；C. theater戏院；D. actor演员。根据后面itself及前面the scenery可知应是同时我们也发现同伴的支持（supporting）鼓励和舞台场景的重要性。故选A。
小题7:考查名词及语境的理解。 A. place地方；B. fact事实；C. condition条件；D. key关键。根据常识可知残疾孩子需要的社会及家庭的呵护。这些特殊孩子所生活的家庭和社会正是他们成长环境的关键（key）所在。故选D。
小题8:考查名词及语境的理解。 A. system体制；B. equipment设备；C. expression表达，表现；D. support支持。根据破折号后的内容可知这里表达的表现。这正是在公立学校里，我们发现了社会的充分的理解的表达（expression），故选C。
小题9:考查动词及语境的理解。 A. shown表露； B. passed通过；C. taken拿；D. changed变化。我们把知识、希望和恐惧,传递给下一代。这里是pass sth to sb把某个东西传给某人，故选B。
小题10:考查名词及语境的理解。A. tool工具；B. way方法；C. science科学；D. mirror镜子。根据下文We can see in it the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices,在任何社会里,教育都是这个社会的一面镜子。故选D。
小题11:考查形容词及语境的理解。A. central中心的；B. extra 额外的； C. special特别的；D. ordinary普通的。根据values of the culture itself可知这里指的是核心价值。在这面镜子中，我们能看到教育的优势、弱点、希望、偏见以及教育文化本身的价值核心（central）所在，故选A。
小题12:考查名词及语境的理解。A. interest利益，兴趣；B. joy高兴；C. surprise惊奇；D. disappointment失望。在过去的三十年中公共教育对于特殊儿童的研究表明我们的社会给予这些特殊的孩子最大的利益（interest），故选A。
小题13:考查动词及语境的理解。 A. damages伤害；B. exists存在；C. shows显示，表明；D. lacks缺乏。根据in exceptional children shown in public education可知是表明。在过去的三十年中公共教育对于特殊儿童的研究表明（shows）我们的社会给予这些特殊的孩子最大的利益，故选C。
小题14:考查名词及语境的理解。 A. kids儿童；B. adults成年人；C. teachers教师；D. citizens公民。根据常识可知指所有的公民。在我们社会中的强烈的感觉，那就是所有的公民（citizens），不管有什么特殊情况，都有权得到充分发展其能力的机会。“就是，无论自身条件如何，都有接受教育的机会。故选D。
小题15:考查动词及语境的理解。A. spoken说；B. heard听见；C. known知道；D. discussed讨论。。根据“All man are created equal.”这是常说的话当然是被听见。“所有人都是平等的。“我们已经听过无数次，故选B。
小题16:考查连词及语境的理解。A. When什么时候；B. Although尽管，虽然；C. If如果； D. Because因为。根据语境可知这里是尽管的意思。尽管（Although）这句话被这个国家的缔造者们用来表示在法律面前人人平等，它也被解释为意味着平等的教育。故选B。
小题17:考查名词及语境的理解。 A. society社会；B. leader领导者；C. law法律；D. money钱。根据常识可知法律面前平等。尽管这句话被这个国家的缔造者们用来表示在法律（law）面前人人平等，它也被解释为意味着平等的教育。故选C。
小题18:考查动词及语境的理解。 A. means意味着；B. needs需要；C. damages伤害；D. changes变化。根据it has also been explained to mean equality of education.可知这就意味着接受教育的机会对于所有孩子是平等的，无论能力有限与否。故选A。
小题19:考查动词及语境的理解。A. refuse拒绝；B. offer提供；C. give 给；D. receive接受，收到。根据孩子们接受教育应该用receive，这就意味着接受（receive）教育的机会对于所有孩子是平等的，无论能力有限与否。故选D。
小题20:考查名词及语境的理解。A. school学校； B. court法庭；C. society社会；D. office办公室。根据常识可知最近法律规定要给予那些特殊的孩子某种特殊的权利，要求公立学校要提供教育的便利条件。这样，学校正在给不能接受常规教育的孩子们制定相应的课程以及提供一些便利的条件。故选B。
考点：核心考点
试题【Exceptional children are different in some ways from others of the same age. For】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
“We are collecting data because the weather is changing and the plants are blooming,” Ruby explained.
Scores of other students at Borton Primary Magnet School and Sunnyside High School in Tucson are heading outdoors to be part of a new scientific push to figure out how the biological timing of the earth is changing. It’s a research project that the average person, even a kindergartner, can join in.
The National Phenology（生物气候学）Network is calling on volunteers to help track early spring blooms and eventually changes in animals caused by global warming. It’s called Project Budburst. When it was first open to the public last year, thousands of people participated in 26 states.
“All people can contribute to it by tracking the timing of flowering events or leaf-out events for plants and animals in their backyard,” said Phenology Network director Jake Weltzin. He calls the volunteers “citizen-scientists.”
The idea is that tracking flowers blooming—especially lilacs（丁香）; which everyday people have helped track for decades—is fairly simple. The Website http://www.Windows.ucar.edu/ citizen_science/budburst/index.html gives directions on what to look for in different parts of the country.
University of Maryland professor David Inouye said it’s so easy to figure out what’s blooming that a lack of special knowledge isn’t a problem.
University of Arizona ecology graduate student Lisa Benton coordinated（协调）the Tucson high school students as they looked at plants five minutes from their high school. Each student has specific guidelines and she’s been happy so far with the data she is getting. For his part, second-grader Francisco said he had fun helping out.
“I like going out in the desert,” he said. “I want to be an Einstein.”
小题1:Francisco Lopez and Ruby Nostrant are monitoring global warming by __________.
| A．watching early spring blooms and changes in animals |
| B．studying the biological timing of earth |
| C．collecting data of the local weather |
| D．tracking the early spring blooms of some local plants |
| A．ecology college graduates | B．high school students |
| C．common people | D．experts |
| A．the study carried out by students is convincing |
| B．the students still need special training to study climate change |
| C．it is difficult to study climate change |
| D．to figure out what’s blooming needs special knowledge |
| A．Lisa Benton. | B．David Inouye |
| C．Francisco Lopez. | D．Jake Weltzin. |
| A．changes in animals caused by global warming happen earlier than those in plants |
| B．the biological timing of earth is changing because of climate change |
| C．the effect of climate change in Tucson, Arizona can be hardly noticed |
| D．all the plants in Tucson, Arizona are blooming earlier because of climate change |
Piranhas（水虎鱼）
Although only a small number of piranhas are considered to be dangerous to humans, the red-bellied piranha is definitely one of those. Evidence has shown that a large group of piranhas can absolutely eat a herd of large animals crossing the river, leaving only bones. This fish lives in the freshwater streams of South America, and they can smell the blood from far away and launch attacks swiftly. It is said that they are only dangerous to humans if the water volumes are less and lower.
Anacondas（水蟒）
This South American monster of a creature often appears in the films or your nightmares！They have weighed over 230 kilograms. It is often considered to be the biggest snake in the world. You certainly don’t want to get caught alone with this snake due to its method of attacking and killing its victim. It is indeed a remarkably different brand of snake type as it regularly coils（缠绕）around all over its target, increasing the pressure until eventually its victim dies. Its jaws are powered by large muscles that produce enough power for its over 100 sharp teeth to pass through the thick skin of an crocodile. They don’t have poison. Sometimes they prefer to camouflage themselves so they look like their surroundings and swiftly draw back when humans are near.
Golden Poisonous Frogs
The golden poison frog might be the most-deadly of the South American animal, which is protected by means of poison. This very small frog, less than 55 mm in length, packs enough punch（效力）to take down a pair of African bull elephants. This apparently harmless frog has always been known to have killed people who have touched it directly. It’s also been noted that chicken and dogs have died by contacting things on which a golden poison frog had wandered! In intense colors, they normally look attractive to their targets.
小题1:What can we learn about piranhas from the passage?
| A．Piranhas are the most dangerous animals. |
| B．Piranhas like to live in the deep seabed. |
| C．Piranhas may attack human beings when the water level is low. |
| D．Piranhas only attack human beings when they cross the river in groups. |
| A．It often uses its poison to kill its victim. |
| B．It often uses its strength to kill its victim. |
| C．It kills its victim mainly using its powerful teeth. |
| D．It kills its victim with the help of other snakes. |
| A．hide itself by appearing like the surroundings |
| B．terrify and capture the enemy by making much noise |
| C．move around to search for delicious food |
| D．give off harmful gas to kill the targets |
| A．no animals can survive the poison of the golden poison frog |
| B．they like to wander along the path of the golden poison frog |
| C．the golden poison frog likes eating them most |
| D．the poison of the golden poison frog is deadly |
The Biggest and the Smallest Frogs
Some frogs can be very big. The biggest kind of frog is the Goliath Frog in West Africa. Its body can be nearly 30cm long, about the size of a large cat. The Gold Frog and the Poison Frog are the smallest frogs in the world. They are less than 1cm long. Though the Poison Frog is very small, it is not weak at all. It is dangerous. Any animal that eats it will die very soon.
The Best Jumpers
Frogs are very good at jumping. They developed jumping legs so that they would not be eaten by other large animals. Using their big strong legs, more frogs can jump over 20 times their own length. It is like a person jumping over about 30,48. The Australian Rocket Frog can even jump over 2m, which is 50 times its body length(5.5cm). That might be the reason why frogs are called the best jumpers on the earth.
The Cryogenic Animal
Some frogs like the Common Wood Frog have a special ability to live in very cold places. When the temperature goes down, they become ice frogs. 2/3of their body water freezes. Their hearts stop, and their breathing stops too. You may think they are dead, but in fact they are not. Maybe we humans can learn the way that the frogs do for medical purpose.
小题1:The earliest frogs lived about ________ million years ago.
| A．20 | B．30 | C．50 | D．190 |
| A．smallest | B．biggest | C．strongest | D．weakest |
| A．The Goliath Frog | B．The Common Wood Frog |
| C．The Poison Frog | D．The Australian Rocket Frog |
A.It will die very soon. B. It will be an ice frog.
B.It will become dangerous. D. It will become very small
Busy doing what, you ask? Well, they’re certainly not using the time for a moment of quiet thinking．Nor are they reading a book．New technology has replaced quiet habits．Today the only acceptable form of book on the London underground is an e-book．
Apple must earn a fortune from London commuters（使用月票上下班者）. Since the launch of the iPhone in 2007, over 40, 000 ― yes, 40, 000 “apps” have been designed．
Commuters love them because they are the perfect time - fillers. One “app”, called iShoot, is a game that features tanks．Another one, Tube Exits, tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destination. iSteam clouds the iPhone screen when you breathe into the microphone. You can then write in the “steam” on your phone screen．
For those without an iPhone, another Apple product, the iPod, may be the distraction (消遣) of choice. It’s not just teenagers who “plug in” to their music － iPods are a popular way to pass the time for all ages．
And if games, e-books and music aren’t enough to keep you occupied, then perhaps you would prefer a film? The development of palm DVD technology means many commuters watch their favorite TV shows or films on the way to work．With all these distractions, it’s amazing that people still remember to get off the train．
小题1:Those who want to save time to reach where they go can download ________ to their iPhones
| A．iShoot | B．Tube Exits | C．iSteam | D．iPod |
| A．they are going to work and have no time to communicate with each other |
| B．they love reading books and do not want to be disturbed |
| C．they feel sleepy because of getting up early |
| D．they’re busy playing games, reading e-books, listening to music or watching films |
| A．computers |
| B．programs downloaded for the iPhone |
| C．computer companies |
| D．fortune from London commuters |
| A．London commuters are unfriendly to strangers |
| B．Apple has earned a lot of money from selling 40, 000 apps |
| C．technology is changing how London commuters spend their traveling time |
| D．riding a London subway is a must when visiting London |
Is cheating acceptable, a natural way of surviving and being successful? Or is it something that should be frowned on, and young people discouraged from doing? If it’s the latter how can we explain to children why so many bend the rules?
Take sport for example. The Word Cup was filled with cheating. Whether diving, pretending to be hurt or denying a handball, footballers will do anything for a free – kick or a penalty shot. France striker Henry denied cheating to win the free – kick which led to his side’s second goal in their 3 – 1 victory over Spain. Many footballers, however, are often putting it on. Whatever the nationality there’s one common ploy: the player rolls over holding their leg, ankle or head seeming to be in great pain. As a result a yellow card and / or free – kick is given for the foul and then, a few seconds later, the player is up and about as if nothing had happened ! The ref (裁判) may be taken in by it but youngsters watching the game aren’t. they also see their heroes getting away with it.
Of course it’s not just football. In 1998 the Tour de France, the world’s greatest cycling event, was hit by a drug – taking scandal (丑闻). The 40 bottles of forbidden drugs found with the Fustian team caused a massive investigation that almost caused the Tour to be abandoned. One rider, Veronique, was banned for 9 months. He claimed: “You have cheats in sport, just as you do in business – there will always be people trying to take a short cut. At least we’re not turning a blind eye to the problem, which other sports are.”
Is it all unavoidable? There’s huge pressure on all athletes to perform for their fans and for their sponsors. It’s success, money and power that rule professional sport rather than an honest at tempt to do the best one can.
Meanwhile companies around the world are losing billions of dollars to fake products. From cut price CDs and DVDs to sportswear, cheap fake products are everywhere. It has become socially acceptable to buy fake Gucci bags and illegal copies of films. If parents are doing this, their children will follow.
So perhaps it’s not surprising that around the world more pupils than ever are caught cheating during exams. In one case missing exam papers were put up for sale on the Internet. In another, widespread cheating took place by pupils using their mobile phones to receive tested answers. They blame the pressure put on them to do well in exams. It doesn’t help that their role models are also cheats. Surely we can’t complain when we’re setting such a bad example.
小题1:According to the passage, in which way can a game show player cheat?
| A．By taking an indirect way. | B．By gaining aid from a friend. |
| C．By taking forbidden drugs. | D．By selling fake products. |
| A．to be disapproved of | B．to be pushed forward |
| C．to be taken the place of | D．to be stuck with |
| A．explain why people in almost every field cheat |
| B．complain about cheats in school education |
| C．persuade young people not to cheat in exams |
| D．blame the society for tolerating cheats |
| A．show cheating is a common phenomenon nowadays |
| B．discuss the relationship between sport and cheating |
| C．explore the nature of cheating in important events |
| D．warn coaches and athletes of the danger of cheating |
| A．Exams are not a good way of testing children. |
| B．Children are natural cheats. |
| C．If adults cheat, children will cheat too. |
| D．Everyone including children cheats. |
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