题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Forty kilometers above the planet, the thin began to slow its fall. Six kilometers above the planet a big parachute(降落伞)opened. The landing craft fell more slowly. Then, three rocket engines . And the landing craft set down on the surface. in the Viking One Lander immediately sent a message to the earth. It said, “I am here. I am down safely. I am beginning my work. ”
The message at the speed of light. It took twenty minutes to reach the earth, more than three hundred and twenty million kilometers . Scientists and engineers at the control center .
Moments later, television receiver in the control center began to the first picture from Viking One. People at the center could see the feet of the landing craft sitting firmly on the 11 soil of Mars. Those pictures were our first look at the planet. They showed a red surface, full of rocks, with no sign of . It was our first look at a planet that is full of surprises, mysteries and promise. Viking One was launched toward Mars in August, 1975. The spaceship had two : an orbiter(轨道飞行器)and a lander(着陆器). The orbiter would circle Mars. It would take pictures of Mars’ surface. It would the atmosphere.
The would go down to the surface. It would carry to dig up and study soil and .
It also would report about any evidence of life on the planet. The lander would send this to the orbiter and then back to the earth.
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:A
小题5:B
小题6:A
小题7:B
小题8:D
小题9:C
小题10:C
小题11:A
小题12:B
小题13:B
小题14:A
小题15:D
小题16:B
小题17:B
小题18:D
小题19:C
小题20:D
解析
【文章大意】文章介绍了“海盗一号”无人宇宙飞船在火星登陆的情况。
小题1:选A。根据文章倒数第三段可知“海盗一号”宇宙飞船由orbiter和lander两部分组成, 到了火星上空两部分分离。
小题2:选C。根据常识判断宇宙飞船应该在飞行时是很快的, 在遇到阻力时才会减速, 这也与后面飞行减缓后的“slowly”相对应。
小题3:选D。thin可以修饰air和atmosphere, 但是只有atmosphere符合语境, 火星的大气减慢它的飞行, 而且与后文也一致。
小题4:选A。rocket的作用就是通过发射把lander送到火星上, 着陆时需要对地面的反推力才不至于着陆太猛。
小题5:选B。因为前面所述的各种措施, 如降落伞、火箭发动机等, 所以是轻轻着陆。
小题6:选A。“海盗一号”是无人载飞船, 所以只能通过电脑发送信息说其在工作。
小题7:选B。根据上下文, message以光速“传播”, spread“扩散”; shoot“发射”; move“移动”。
小题8:选D。表示距离时, 如果有具体的数字, 后面应是away。
小题9:选C。火星登陆成功, 人们欢呼起来, shout“大喊”; watch“看”; welcome“欢迎”。
小题10:选C。在屏幕上show“显示”发送回来的图片, 其他三项意思不符。
小题11:选A。火星上的土壤是红色的, 所以后面第二句提到红色的火星表面。
小题12:选B。这些照片是在火星上拍摄的, 所以是close look“近看”, real不修饰look。
小题13:选B。根据常识可知, 火星上没有生命的迹象, 更没有树和人。
小题14:选A。宇宙飞船有两部分, 由下一句话可得知答案。
小题15:选D。circle around Mars环绕火星飞行。
小题16:选B。examine指“检验”。enter“进入”, collect“收集”, discover“发现”都不合适。
小题17:选B。由上文可知, 宇宙飞船分两部分, 前面介绍了orbiter, 这里介绍lander。
小题18:选D。在火星上, “海盗一号”只能通过一些科学仪器对火星上的土壤和岩石进行检验。
小题19:选C。由前文中“full of rocks”可知答案。
小题20:选D。着陆器把在火星上得到的信息传给轨道飞行器, 然后传到地球上来。
核心考点
试题【 It was July 1976. An unmanned spaceship, Viking One, had arrived at Mars. On J】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
In the past 50 years alone, there have been thousands of reported sightings of similar creatures in the US, Canada, the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山地区)and even Hubei Province in China. The creature is known as bigfoot.
Bigfoot is said to be a very tall(between 2 and 4. 5 metres), ape-like(类人猿似的)creature that is covered in hair and walks upright on two legs. It is very wary(警惕的)of human beings.
Believers think bigfoot is a direct descendent(后代)of ancient gigantopithecus(巨猿). But it remains one of the planet’s undiscovered secrets. There is a little evidence(证据)to support the believers’ theory: traces of hair, footprints and body prints as well as the reported sightings. Some people have even showed what they say with photos or films of bigfoot.
But so far, no one has found bones or any other definite proof that the giant creature exists.
As a result many people believe the evidence is just part of a big trick.
The footprints are easy to make and they say: all you need to do is to make two large feet out of plaster(石膏), attach them to the bottom of your shoes and walk with big steps. As for the photos and films, they are just people dressed in ape suits.
They also say the sightings are not real, just people making mistakes. For example, bigfoot could be a bear living in the wild that sometimes stands up on its back legs.
小题1: So far what we can be sure about is that .
| A．there exist savages(野人)in several places in the world |
| B．there are some traces of hair, footprints and body prints of the “bigfoot” |
| C．bigfoot is a direct descendent of ancient gigantopithecus |
| D．all the big foot discovered have the same look |
| A．1999 | B．the 1960’s |
| C．the 1950’s | D．the 1940’s |
| A．may fool the world into believing |
| B．have definite evidences to prove |
| C．refuse to believe |
| D．will soon offer proofs of |
| A．apes |
| B．bears |
| C．gigantopithecus |
| D．people dressed in animal skins |
First of all, a lot of professional photographers give respect to these animals and the environment they are in. Just remember that you should respect the animals and the environment in case these animals bite or hurt you.
Keep in mind that you are taking pictures of real, live, wild animals. A wild animal may bite to protect itself. You must be sensitive while taking their pictures and be gentle in all your movements. Do not feed the animals, or interact with animals that are sleeping or caring for their young.
If you are going to a place where it is privately(私人)owned, you’d better get the owner’s permission first before you start taking pictures.
Change the flash of your camera to natural light, so the animals will not be frightened or surprised when you start shooting. Animals do not react well when they are surprised.
Be very patient. Make sure you are aware of the changes in behavior of the animal and its moods. Be familiar with the animals’ natural habitat.
Now if those rules are clear, it is time for planning. Consider the weather; some animals do not go out when it is raining while some animals love the rain. Therefore, a little research on the weather will not hurt. You should consider taking pictures after sunrise and before sunset. Now if the animal is nocturnal(夜间活动的), then you should prepare to battle not only the wild but also the darkness.
An adventure in the wild will make you very excited. However, you should be well equipped, have experts to back you up, and also a permit for doing the photo shoot. If you do not have any of these, then maybe you should consider visiting the zoo instead.
小题1:The main purpose of the author in writing this passage is .
| A．to call for us to protect animals |
| B．to show where to buy pictures of animals |
| C．to explain how to get along with wild animals |
| D．to give us tips on taking pictures of animals in the wild |
| A．Respecting the animals. |
| B．Making gentle movements. |
| C．Making the animals happy. |
| D．Changing the flash of your camera to natural light. |
| A．ask the owner to take pictures for us |
| B．ask for the owner’s permission first |
| C．make sure the owner is present when we take pictures |
| D．take pictures when the owner is feeding animals |
| A．most animals love being taken pictures of |
| B．we have to finish the pictures before sunset |
| C．we’d better take pictures when the animals are sleeping |
| D．we should pay attention to the animals’ moods when taking pictures |
①Preparing some food to feed the animals.
②Asking experts for advice.
③Knowing the weather in the animals’ habitat.
④Getting a permission for taking pictures of wild animals.
| A．①②④ | B．②③④ | C．①②③ | D．①③④ |
Those are questions that scientists hope to answer. They recently set out around the world in search of those and other long-missing amphibians. An amphibian is an animal that spends part of its life in water and part on land. Frog, toads(蟾蜍), and salamanders are amphibians.
The experts are looking for about 100 species. They are searching at least 14 countries on five continents. They will look for the salamander in North America. They hope to find the scarlet frog in South America. They’re also looking for species in Africa, Asia and Australia.
Scientists are hopeful that they’ll find the amphibians—and soon! If the creatures are out there, they may need help. Many amphibians are endangered. The animals face many dangers including pollution and diseases. People cut down the forests where they live.
“If researchers can find the missing creatures, they might be able to figure out how to save them,” explains expert Robin Moore. He began searching for the amphibians earlier this month.
“This search will tell us a lot about how amphibians are doing,” Moore told WR News. “I don’t know what we will find, but that makes the search even more exciting.”
Lost in the Wild
Scientists’ hunt for missing amphibians is under way. Read about some of the species they hope to find.
Turkestanian salamander
This salamander is a mystery to scientists. Experts found a few of them more than 100 years ago, but none have been seen ever since.
Gastric brooding frog
Experts first discovered this frog in 1914 in eastern Australia. It may be extinct because of disease and habitat loss.
Rio Pescado stubfoot toad
Last sighting: 1995, in South America
Scientists hope to find this spotted toad in rivers and rainforests in Ecuador. The animal faces threats including pollution and disease.
小题1: Which of the following animals hasn’t been seen for over a century?
| A．Rio Pescado stubfoot toad. |
| B．Gastric brooding frog. |
| C．Turkestanian salamander. |
| D．Scarlet frog. |
| A．the scarlet frog used to live in Africa |
| B．researchers have no way to save amphibians |
| C．the scientists will search 14 countries at most |
| D．Robin Moore has begun his search for amphibians |
| A．Because they want to rescue the missing amphibians. |
| B．Because they want to set up a scientific program. |
| C．Because they want to do a scientific research on the missing amphibians. |
| D．Because they want to publish a report about the missing amphibians on WR News. |
| A．It’s hopeful. | B．It’s interesting. |
| C．It’s tiring. | D．It’s dangerous. |
Authorities at the best Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) in Mumbai said students had stopped socializing and many were late for morning classes or slept through them. “Now, a student doesn’t even know who lives two doors away from him because he is so busy on the Internet,” said Prakash Gopalan, dean of student affairs. “The old dormitory culture of companionship and socializing among students is gone. This is not healthy in our opinion.”
IIT-Mumbai, with about 5,000 students, is one of seven IITs across India which are considered to be among the finest engineering schools in the world. They are also a talent pool for global technology giants. But their hard courses, tough competition and lonely campus lifestyle have taken an effect on students. Depressive and dysfunctional(不正常的) lifestyles are known to be common among IIT students, and at least nine have committed suicide in the past five years. Students have unlimited free Internet access in their boarding houses to help them in their studies, but many also use it to surf, chat, download movies and music, blog and for gaming.
Starting Monday, Internet access will be banned between 11 p.m. and 12.30 p.m. at IIT-Mumbai’s 13 boarding buildings to encourage students to sleep early and to try and force them out of their “shells”, Gopalan said. But the move has not gone down well with students who say they hate their lives being regulated. “Now they will say we need to listen to a lullaby(摇篮曲) to go to sleep,” said Rajiv, an electronics student.
小题1: What measure has been taken in IIT- Mumbai?
| A．Students have unlimited free Internet access in their dormitories. |
| B．Students are forbidden to surf the Internet. |
| C．Internet access is unavailable in deep night. |
| D．Students must go to bed before 11 p.m. |
| A．sleep through their lessons |
| B．break away from the Internet |
| C．go to sleep along with music |
| D．stop surfing, make friends |
| A．the banning order causes some complaints among the students |
| B．all electronics students hate the banning order |
| C．more students prefer listening to music to surf- ing the Internet |
| D．there is no Internet access on the IIT campus even |
“Until now most of the thinking has suggested that to be a good competitor in the forest, you have to be a big plant,” says Queen’s Biology professor Lonnie Aarssen. “But our research shows it’s virtually the other way around.”
Previous studies showed that larger plant species monopolize(垄断) sunlight, water and other resources, limiting the number of smaller plant species that can exist around them. But the research has proved that this is not generally the case in natural vegetation.
In the Queen’s project, PhD student Laura Keating targeted the largest “host plants” of 16 woody plant species growing in the Okanogan Valley, British Columbia. The research team calculated the number and variety of plants that neighbored each large host plant. They then randomly selected plots without host plants and calculated the plant species there as well. The research showed that the massive trees have no effect on the number of species with which they coexist.
Smaller plants have many advantages over their overbearing neighbors, Professor Aarssen notes. Larger species generate physical space niches under their shelters where smaller species grow well. Smaller plants are much more effective than large trees at using available resources. They also produce seeds at a much younger age and higher rate than their bigger counterparts, and settle down much more quickly—thuscompeting with the newly-born plants of larger species.
小题1: What’s the main idea of the text?
| A．Smaller plants may have many advantages over their neighbors. |
| B．In the plant world, the bigger is better than the smaller one. |
| C．To be a good competitor in the forest, you have to be a small plant. |
| D．Queen’s University’s students made a new research. |
| A．large and small plants can grow together in harmony |
| B．larger plant species limit their smaller neighbors’ growth |
| C．small plant species have their own advantages |
| D．large and small plant species can never coexist |
| A．Larger plant species limit the number of smaller ones around them. |
| B．Smaller plants can limit the number of plant species around them. |
| C．Smaller plants produce seeds at a higher rate than their bigger counterparts. |
| D．Larger trees are more effective than small plants at using available resources. |
a. Randomly selected plots without host plants and-calculated the plant species.
b. Calculated the number and variety of plants that neighbored each large host plant.
c. Selected the largest individuals or "host plants" of 16 woody plant species.
| A．a, b, c | B．c, b, a |
| C．b, c, a | D．a, c, b |
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