题目
题型：江西省模拟题难度：来源：
Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color.
The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans.The other is found
in 93 t0 100 per cent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science.
Scientists have changed the color of a dark - striped zebrafish (斑马鱼) to uniform gold by inserting a
version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish.As with humans, zebrafish skin color is deter-mined
by pigment cells,which contain melanin (黑色素).The number, size and darkness of melanin perpigment
cell determine skin color.
It appears that, like the golden zebrafish, light - skinned Europeans also have a mutation (变异) in the
gene for melanin production.This results in less pigrnented skin.
However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation is different in hu-man
ancl zebrafish genes.
Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about l.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra - violetrays of the sun. which can cause skin cancer.
But when modem humans leave Africa to live in northem latitudes, they need more sunlight on their
skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according to Cheng.
Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color, said Cheng.
The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer.lt also could lead to research in-to ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.
B. prove the humans" skin color is determined by the pigment gene
C. find out the reason why the Africans" skin color is dark
D. fincl out the ways of changing people"s skin color
caused by the chemical treatment
B. Europeans and Africans have the same gene
C. the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer
D. there are two kinds of genes
B. the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely
C. pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked
D. people can not change their skin color without any pain
B. light - skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production
C. they have fewer activities outside
D. they pay much attention to protecting their skin
B. negative
C. indifferent
D. positive
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Can people change their skin color without suffering like pop king Mic】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
same time. This sounds incredible,but Alex Waibel,a computer science professor at US"s Car-negie
Mellon University (CMU) and Germany"s University of Karlsruhe,announced last week that it may soon
be reality. He and his team have invented software and hardware that could make it far easier forpeople
who speak different languages to understand each other.
One application,called Lecture Translation,can easily translate a speech from one language into
an-other. Current translation technologies typically limit speakers to certain topics or a limited vocabulary. Us-ers also have to be trained how to use the programme.
Another machine can send translations of a speech to different listeners depending on what
languagethey speak. "It is like having a simultaneous translator right next to you but without disturbing the
person next to you,"Waibel said
Prefer to read? So- called Translation Glasses transcribe(转录) the translations on a tiny
liquid-crystal display(LCD) screen.
Then there"s the Muscle Translator. Electrodes capture the electrical signals from facial muscle
movements made naturally when a person is mouthing words. The signals are then translated into speech.
The electrodes could be replaced with wireless chips implanted in a person"s face,according to
research-ers.
During a demonstration held last Thursday in CMU"s Pittsburgh campus,a Chinese student named
Sang Jun had 11 tiny electrodes attached to the muscles of his cheeks,neck and throat. Then he
mouthed-without speaking aloud- a few words in Mandarin (普通话) to the audience. A few seconds
later,the phrase was displayed on a computer screen and spoken out by the computer in English and
Spanish: "Let me introduce our new prototype."
This particular instrument,when fully developed,might allow anyone to speak in any number of
lan-guages or,as Waibel put it,"to switch your mouth to a foreign language". "The idea behind the
universi-ty"s prototypes is to create"good enough" bridges for cross- cultural exchanges that are
becoming more common in the world,"Waibel said.
With spontaneous(自发的) translators, foreign drivers in Germany could listen to traffic warnings on
the radio; tourists in China could read all the signs and talk with local people;leaders of different
coun-tries could have secret talks without any interpreters there.
B. There is no Muscle Translator in the world now.
C. Muscle Translators can translate what you think into speech if you just move your mouth.
D. A lecture translation can translate what you said into other languages easily.
B. happening by itself.
C. similar in size.
D. Similar in quality.
B. To help students learn foreign languages more easily.
C. To make people live in foreign countries more comfortably.
D. To help people learn more foreign languages in the future.
B. The translator is becoming more and more common in the world as a bridge.
C. With the help of the translator,you only need to open your mouth when you want to say
something without saying the exact words at all.
D.The translator needs to be improved before being put into market.
B. A magazine on science.
C. A fairy tale.
D. A scientific fantasy book.
Fukushima (Japan) last year the issue is back in the headlines. And the world is divided- some countries
are planning more nuclear plants, while others have promised to shut theirs down.
After Fukushima, Germany decided to switch off all its nuclear plants by 2022. Switzerland and Italy
are also phasing out nuclear power. But France and the United States remain staunch supporters of
atomic energy. In fact, almost 80% of France"s electricity comes from nuclear power, the highest
percentage in the world. And in the US, the Obama administration said it "continues to support the
expansion of nuclear power, despite the crisis in Japan."
Nuclear supporters claim nuclear power can help the environment. Unlike fossil fuels, nuclear power
doesn"t create greenhouse gases. So, pro-nuclear countries argue that nuclear power allows them to
generate energy without contributing to climate change. Britain"s chief scientific adviser (John Beddington)
supports this view. He recently said that the world doesn"t have the luxury of ignoring nuclear energy.
Nuclear power is also relatively cheap. Renewable energy sources such as solar, hydro and wind
power may be clean, but they"re expensive; and right now, they require a lot of investment. This higher
cost of using "green energy" is usually passed onto the consumer. So, while many people may prefer their
energy to come from a renewable source, not so many are prepared to pay higher energy bills. This is of
particular concern while the world economy is in such bad shape.
The main argument against nuclear energy is that it isn"t safe. For a start, nuclear waste is very difficult
to dispose of, and remains toxic to humans for thousands of years. And even before Fukushima, there
were several high-profile nuclear disasters. The most famous is probably the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, in
the Ukraine. The radiation from the meltdown spread all over Europe, affecting thousands.
The nuclear energy issue is very complex. And it doesn"t look like it"ll be resolved anytime soon. As a
Japanese commentator recently said, "it"s been a bad year for the "nuclear village", but I don"t think they"re down and out yet." The battle continues.
B. Nuclear energy can help prevent the climate damage.
C. Nuclear energy is more environmental-friendly than other green energy sources.
D. Nuclear energy can save the consumers some money, compared to other renewable energies.
B. The cost of using renewable sources
C. The fact that the nuclear power is cheaper.
D. The investment of renewable energy sources
B. the nuclear energy issue will be soon settled
C. a battle will break out in the future
D. Japan is considering to build a nuclear village in the future
B. To introduce some serious nuclear disasters.
C. To show the argument between nuclear supporters and protesters.
D. To give some advice on how to use nuclear energy safely.
The regular use of text messages and e-mails can lower the IQ more than twice as much as smoking
marijuana (大麻). That is the statement of researchers who have found that tapping away on a mobile
phone or computer keypad or checking for electronic messages temporarily knocks up to 10 points off
the user"s IQ. This rate of decline in intelligence compares unfavorably with the four-point drop in IQ
associated with smoking marijuana, according to British researchers, who have described the
phenomenon of improved stupidity as "infomania". The research conducted by Hewlett Packard, the
technology company, has concluded that it is mainly a problem for adult workers, especially men.
It is concluded that too much use of modern technology can damage a person"s mind. It can cause a
constant distraction of "always on" technology when employees should be concentrating on what they are
paid to do. Infomania means that they lose concentration as their minds remain fixed in an almost
permanent state of readiness to react to technology instead of focusing on the task in hand. The report
also added that, in a long term, the brain will be considerably shaped by what we do to it and by the
experience of daily life. At a microcellular level, the complex networks of nerve cells that make up parts
of the brain actually change in response to certain experiences.
Too much use of modern technology can be damaging not only to a person"s mind, but to their social
relationship. 1100 adults were interviewed during the research. More than 62 per cent of them admitted
that they were addicted to checking their e-mails and text messages so often that they scrutinized
work-related ones even when at home or on holiday. Half said that they always responded immediately
to an email and will even interrupt a meeting to do so. It is concluded that infomania is increasing stress
and anxiety and affecting one"s characteristics. Nine out of ten thought that colleagues who answered
e-mails or messages during a face-to-face meeting were extremely rude.
The effects on IQ were studied by Dr Glenn Wilson, a psychologist at University of London. "This is
a very real and widespread phenomenon," he said. "We have found that infomania will damage a
worker"s performance by reducing their mental sharpness and changing their social life. Companies
should encourage a more balanced and appropriate way of working."
B. results in the change of part of the brain
C. lies in the problem of lack of concentration
D. is caused by too much use of modern technology
B. the damage to one"s brain done by unhealthy habits
C. the relevance between IQ and use of modern technology
D. the relationship between intelligence and working effectiveness
B. copied patiently
C. corrected quickly
D. admitted freely
CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion
you yawning. He 1 that he didn"t have a sound sleep the night before. Many 2 don"t get adequate
sleep because they are burdened with too much homework, which keeps them up at night doing countless exercise. Some teens cannot 3 at night even when they want to so much.
Researches show that during your teenage years, the body"s biological clock is ___4_ ,telling you to
sleep later at night and wake up 5 in the morning. But 6 in the body clock aren"t the only reason
teens lose sleep. Lots of people have insomnia(失眠). The most common cause of insomnia is 7 . But
all sorts of things can lead to insomnia, including 8 discomfort, emotional troubles and even sleeping
environment. It"s common for everyone to have insomnia occasionally. But if it 9 for a month or more,
go and consult a doctor.
Most teens have 10 sometimes, which may make you sweat. But, if they are too frequent, a
person"s sleep pattern can be seriously 11 . The most common cause of them is emotional 12 ,
such as fear, stress or anxiety. If you have them a lot, you"re also supposed to talk to a 13 .
Medical specialists encourage teens to make lifestyle changes to help them develop good sleeping
14 . Most probably you know that a cup of coffee can keep you
15 at night, but did you know that playing video games or watching TV does the same?
( )2. A. adults
( )3. A. study
( )4. A. broken
( )5. A. sooner
( )6. A. changes
( )7. A. happiness
( )8. A. mental
( )9. A. helps
( )10. A. nightmares
( )11. A. improved
( )12. A. issue
( )13. A. doctor
( )14. A. idea
( )15. A. asleep
B. teens
B. work
B. reset
B. earlier
B. moves
B. joy
B. physical
B. reports
B. dreams
B. destroyed
B. affair
B. desk-mate
B. habits
B. alive
C. parents
C. sleep
C. repaired
C. quicker
C. patterns
C. stress
C. biological
C. stops
C. stress
C. advanced
C. problems
C. teacher
C. time
C. awake
D. teachers
D. communicate
D. damaged
D. later
D. model
D. homework
D. medical
D. lasts
D. change
D. affected
D. things
D. friend
D. environment
D. annoyed
education, according to new research.
Dr. Helen Lees, from Stirling University"s school of education, says that "enforced (强制的) silence
" is seen as a punishment and often acts to suppress children"s natural ability. But she says that teaching
children about the benefits of "enforced silence",-deliberate stillness that gives them the opportunity to
focus and reflect in a stress-free environment--- can have a significant effect on pupils" concentration and
behavior.
It is the latest in a string of researches to establish a link between the classroom environment and
pupils" academic ability.
A study almost a decade ago in London found that children"s exam results were cut by as much as a
third if they were taught in noisy classrooms. Teaching unions have also called for a limit of 26℃ to be
put on classroom temperatures because teachers and pupils struggle to work in hot conditions, and some
educationalists claim that too much clutter (杂乱的东西) on classroom walls can prevent children from
concentrating.
Dr. Lees said, "When we take some research on school settings and put it all together, what we see is
that education without silence does not make much sense. In areas of better learning outcomes, better
self- confidence and well-being measures, enforced silence in a person"s life and an individual"s education
is shown throughout the relevant research to be a benefit."
Dozens of schools across Britain have already introduced periods of "reflective silence" into the
timetable.
Kevin Hogston, head of Sheringdale Primary, south London, has just introduced a minute"s silence at
the start of twice-weekly meetings in which children are taught breathing techniques and encouraged to
reflect. The school plans to introduce it into classrooms every day.
B. does not make much sense in class
C. can improve pupils" confidence
D. makes pupils more creative
B. improve
C. apply
D. reveal
B. Silence makes a great difference to pupils.
C. Clutter on the walls can help students concentrate.
D. Most schools are not satisfactory in terms of classroom temperatures.
B. Achieving silence is beneficial for people
C. Using enforced silence is effective punishment
D. Keeping quiet in class improves academic performance
最新试题
- 1如图所示，半径R=0.4m的光滑半圆轨道与粗糙的水平面相切于A点，质量为m=1kg的小物体（可视为质点）从A点进入半圆轨
- 2Did you find the notebook ______ Jim had given me for my bir
- 3求经过A（-2，-3）和B（-3，9）两点的直线解析式．
- 4【题文】官营手工业存在严重的弊端，表现在：①发明和革新不能服务于社会 &#
- 5（本小题满分12分）学校要用三辆校车从南校区把教职工接到校本部，已知从南校区到校本部有两条公路，校车走公路①堵车的概率为
- 6一条河宽100米，船在静水中的速度为4m/s，水流速度是5m/s，则（ ）A．该船可能垂直河岸横渡到对岸B．当船头垂
- 7(共8分)在2 L恒容密闭容器中，800 ℃时反应2NO(g)＋O2(g)2NO2(g)体系中，n(NO)随时间的变化如
- 8分式方程为的解（ ）。
- 9读图，回答下列问题：（10分）（1）此图是___________(国家)局部图，阴影所示为___________草原。（
- 10不同元素的原子在分子内吸引电子的能力大小可用电负性来表示，电负性越大，其原子吸引电子的能力越强，在所形成的分子中成为带负
热门考点
- 1已知a＞b，则下列不等式不一定正确的是（ ）A．2a-3＞2b-3B．2-a＜2-bC．3a-3b+1＞0D．a2＞b
- 22010年1月12日海地发生7.3级强烈地震并造成严重人员伤亡和财产损失，国际社会纷纷伸出援手。据此回答1~2题。1、2
- 3沙田柚是广西玉林的名优特产，远销世界各地，为了防治柚树溃疡病，人们常用波尔多液喷洒柚树。下列物质可用于配制波尔多液的是[
- 4如图所示，下表是某实验小组同学做“研究滑动摩擦力的大小跟哪些因素有关”的实验记录．实验次数接触面的材料压力/N滑动摩擦力
- 5|a|=2，则a的值为[ ]A．2B．﹣2C．±2D．±
- 6某元素A的微粒结构示意图为，若该微粒是原子，则x等于______；若x等于12时，该微粒符号为______（用A表示），
- 7按拼音在下面句中的横线上写出相应的汉字。 鸟儿将cháo_____安在繁花嫩叶中，高兴起来了，呼朋引伴地买弄qīng
- 8—Who’s that lovely girl!—You mean _____girl with long hair?
- 9在配制溶液时，某同学向一定量的氯化钠溶液中加入10g氯化钠，充分搅拌后氯化钠完全溶解，得到溶质质量分数为20%的氯化钠溶
- 10如图，若AB∥CD，BF平分∠ABE，DF平分∠CDE，∠BED=80°，则∠BFD=（ ）度．