grow in salty water. Most seaweed is red or brown in color. The Japanese people use this plant from the
sea in many ways. From it, they make a food called Kombu. Kombu is seaweed that has been dried,
cooked, and pressed together. Then it is dried again and cut into long pieces. The Japanese eat a lot of
Kombu and like it very much.
Japanese farmers often use seaweed as fertilizer. It makes their plants grow better. Many farmers
also find seaweed and make a fine food for their animals.
From seaweed the Japanese also get iodine (碘) , which they sell to other countries. Iodine is used
in many ways all over the world. It is used in making medicine. It is added to the salt we use at the table.
Scientists even use one form of iodine to "seed clouds" when they want rain to fall.
B. medicine
C. food
D. fertilizer
B. We eat it before meal.
C. We add it to the soup.
D. We add it to the salt we use at the table.
B. Kombu is made into medicine for farmers
C. the Japanese use seaweed in many ways
D. the Japanese eat a lot of Kombu
B. algae are plants from the sea
C. scientists could probably learn more about seaweed
D. seaweed is the only useful algae
basic needs for water-whether for drinking, agriculture, industry or the raising of fish will always have to
be met. Given that premise (前提) , there are two basic routes we can go:more equal access to water or
better engineering solutions.
Looking at the engineering solution first, a lot of my research concentrates on what happens to
wetlands when you build dams in river basins, particularly in Africa. The ecology of such areas is almost
entirely driven by the seasonal changes of the river-the pulse of the water. And the fact is that if you build
a dam, you generally spoil the downstream ecology. In the past, such problems have been hidden by a
lack of information. But in the near future, governments will have no excuse for their ignorance.
The engineers" ability to control water flows has created new kinds of unpredictability too. Dams in
Africa have meant fewer fish, less grazing and less flood- plain (洪泛区) agriculture-none of which were
expected. And their average economic life is assumed to be thirty years. Dams don"t exist forever, but
what will replace them is not clear.
The challenge for the future is to find new means of controlling water. Although GM technology
(转基因) will allow us to breed better dry land crops, there is no market for companies to develop
crops suitable for the micro-climates of the Sahel and elsewhere in Africa. Who is going to pay for
research on locally appropriate crops in the Third World?
B. The engineering solutions to water resource and their limitation.
C. The basic means of controlling water.
D. The challenge for developing crops.
B. More dams should be built in river basins.
C. More wetlands should be protected from destruction.
D. More dry-land crops could be developed in Africa.
3. The author suggests that governments will have no excuse for their careless ignorance in the future
because .
B. the ecological destruction will no longer be a problem in the future
C. the future is an information age
D. governments will face greater challenge in the future
B. less grazing land
C. less farming land
D. less floodplain agriculture
B. researchers have no interest in developing dry land crops
C. research on locally appropriate crops in the Third World may be profitable
D. There is less water resource in the Third World
resources of the sea were unlimited. For example, a noted biologist writing in the mid-19th century
commented that none of the great sea fisheries(渔业) are to be exhausted. Today though, there is
evidence that the resources land and the air, and that the endangered species (种类) include Herring
and Carp as well as the African Elephant, Indian Tiger, and the American Eagle.
Further, the threats to fish are more alarming in some ways than the threats to animals and birds.
This is because fish are a much needed food resource and people throughout the world depend on
fish as an important part of their dish, and the decline (下降) in the fish supply could have extensive
effects on hunger and population.
Fishermen in the North Atlantic alone annually harvest 20 billion pounds of fish to satisfy food
demands, but it is important to recognize that these practices cannot continue without depleting (耗尽)
fish storage within the next few years. Sea resources are rapidly declining in many parts of the world,
and the problem cannot he ignored (忽视) .
We can predict that food supplies in the sea can not last forever.
the sea?
B. Depleted.
C. Limited.
D. Unlimited.
B. The whole world.
C. Asia and America.
D. America.
B. None of the great sea fisheries are to be exhausted.
C. Fish supply has no effects on people.
D. Sea resources are important to people.
B. Threats to Animals and Birds
C. Sea Resources on the Decline
D. Protection of Fish
there for about a year, and then will be replaced with another group of pioneers. Building
the base on Mars will advance our knowledge of the solar system and aid in our
understanding of the earth.
We already know that Mars resembles the earth in many aspects : general size,
presence of water, lengthof day, range of temperatures. These resemblances have
caused many people to consider a centuries-long project: to transform Mars.
Transforming means alterinB a planet"s surface so that the Earth"s life forms can
survive there. This concept, previously found only in science fiction is now being
seriously considered by scientists.
Transforming Mars is theoretically simple : add nitrogen (氮气)and oxygen to the
atmosphere; pump water to the surface; and add the earth"s plants and animals in the
order in which they developed on the Earth. But it will take at least 300 years.
Some people think that such a project is too huge for humans to undertake, but
there are very good reasons to make the attempt. The earth now contains some 6
billion people and no one has any idea of how many humans the earth can support.
Our very existence and numbers are threatening many other species. We also have
had some experience with transforming our own planet : altering thelandscape ,
theatmosphereand the climate. Currently transforming earth has become a wiser activity
as we try to control global warming, air and water pollution, and" preserve some natural
living places.
While the possibility of such a project is small, it is not impossible. Even if earthbound
societies come and go in the next 300 years, the project can continue through the work
of the Mars settlers without the need for constant backing from the earth.
The future existence of all the people in our world may very well depend upon our ability
to transform Mars.
B. Changing.
C. Planting.
D. Building.
B. find out its similarity to the Earth
C. avoid the dying way of many other species
D. find on Mars living place for the increasing human beings
B. transforming Mars is theoretically simple
C. our existence and numbers are threatening many other species
D. the development of science and technology is very rapid
B. Negative.
C. Sceptical(怀疑的 ) .
D. Objective.
Most scientists agreed that cloning an entire human being-besides morally
questionable-was filled with technical problems. After all, research into animal cloning
has already shown that there are hundreds of failures, includingmanybadlydeformed
(畸形的)creatures that were usually miscarried.
Now comes word that it might be easier to clone humans than was previously
believed. People have a genetic quirk(怪癖) that might prevent some of the
developmental deformities associated with animal cloning. One gene, called IGF2R,
is normally imprinted in sheep, cows and mice but not in humans. Human clones would
always inherit non-imprinted IGF2R genes, so there would be no chance of a mix-up
and, their growth would be normal. But what of the other 49 0r so imprinted genes
(遗传基因 ) ?No one knows what troublethey might cause. So the fact humans have
one less imprinted gene than mice, sheep or cows means that human
cloningmightbemarginally (轻微地 ,很少地 ) easier , but not necessarily safer.
B. it faces no moral problems now
C. it might be easier but still not safer
D. it is proved by practice that it is easier, only not so safe
B. A genetic quirk.
C. A non-imprinted IGF2R.
D. Not clearly found.
B. 50.
C. 49.
D. 48.
B. it should be properly controlled
C. it should be stopped
D. it should be forbidden by law
within just three centuries, according to some scientists.
These scientists found that rising temperatures in some places mean humans would
be unable to adapt or survive. "" It would begin to occur with global - mean warming
of about 7℃, calling the habitability of some regions into question," the researchers
wrote in a paper.
With 11-12℃ warming, such regions would spread to include the majority of the
human population as currently distributed. Professor Steven said there was no chance
of the earth heating up by 7℃ this century, but there was a serious risk that the
continued burning of gas and coal could create the problem by 2300. ""There"s
something like a 50/50 chance of that over the long term," he said.
The study, which examined climate change over a longer period than most other
research, looked at the "heat stress" produced by combining the influence of rising
temperatures and increased humidity (湿度).
Professor Steven said climate change research had been "short-sighted" not to
realize the long-term consequences of the influence of greenhouse gases blamed for
global warming. "It needs to be paid attention to," he said. "There"s not much we can
do about climate change over the next two decades but there"s still a lot we can do
about the longer term changes." "Near 2300, we may be faced with temperature
increases of 12 degrees or even more," Professor Tony Michael said." If this happens,
our current worries about sea level rise, occasional heat waves and bushfires,
biodiversity (生物品种) loss and agricultural difficulties will appear in front of us -- as
much as half the currently inhabited globe may simply become too hot for people to
live there. "
B. Burning of fuel adds to the earth"s heating.
C. We may be faced with temperature increases of 12 degrees.
D. Climate change would not stop until 2100.
B. doesn"t think we can do anything to avoid global warming
C. believes we can do much to prevent the longer term changes
D. wishes to examine climate change over a longer period
B. large parts of the earth may be too hot for humans to live on by 2300
C. greenhouse gases are to blame for global warming
D. human beings will die out three centuries later
- 1实验室有一瓶敞口放置的熟石灰,取出少量加入盐酸,看到有少量气泡产生,其原因是______.有关化学方程式是①______
- 2人体内二氧化碳产生的部位是 [ ]A.肺泡 B.血液 C.细胞 D.组织液
- 3单细胞藻类植物主要有 、 等,多细胞藻类植物主要有 、 等。
- 4 漫画对我们的启示是( )A.坚持辩证否定观,树立创新意识B.理论创新决定实践创新C.只要发挥主观能动性就能取
- 5某同学收集了班级同学“氢气还原氧化铜”实验后的固体残渣(含铜和氧化铜),欲从中回收单质铜和制取硫酸铜溶液,他设计了如下实
- 6在中,.点M满足,则______.
- 7如图,在矩形ABCD中,AF=DE. BE与CF相等吗?如果相等请说明理由。
- 8不定项选择关于速度、速度改变量、加速度,正确的说法是( )A.物体运动的速度改变量越大,它的加速度一定越大 B.速度
- 9Nobody knows __________next.A.what to doB.to do whatC.which
- 10我们学校有许多花草树木,有时发现树苗上有小毛毛虫,小毛毛虫往往给鸟类吃了,这是生物间的关系。我们学校的一块地里原来种了很
- 1医生给危重病人吸氧,点滴葡萄糖,归根到底是让病人获得生命活动所需要的能量,这一能量转换作用是在病人细胞中的( )完成的
- 2如图所示匀强电场E的区域内,在O点处放置一点电荷+Q。a、b、c、d、e、f为以O点为球心的球面上的点,acef平面与电
- 3在某一温度下,将20 g乙炔溶于40 g苯(C6H6)中,所得混合溶液中氢元素的质量分数是( )A.7.7%B.7.9
- 4His name is James Miller. James is his ________name.A.firstB
- 5究“事物联系哲理”的课堂上。一位同学举例:在非洲东部的大草原上,生长着一种刺金合欢树。在它的周围,举腹蚁、天牛、介壳虫、
- 6I prefer ____some shopping to _____ camping since the weathe
- 7“朝秦暮楚”这个成语来源于[ ]A、战国时期B、春秋时期C、夏商时期D、秦王朝建立后
- 8在荆江大堤长江防洪整治的一项工程中,需要在规定日期内完成,否则汛期来临就有可能造成不可估量的危害.如果甲施工队独做,恰好
- 9细胞核内含有遗传信息,细胞是_______、_______和信息的统一体。
- 10以8月1日为中国人民解放军的建军节,是为了纪念 [ ]A.南昌起义 B.广州起义C.秋收起义 D.五四运动