题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Now an intelligence expert Dr. Dirk Helbing says understanding more about ants could help solve one of the headaches of modern life -- road congestion.
His team set up an "ant motorway" with two routes of different widths from the nest to some sugar syrup (糖浆). Soon the narrower（更窄的） route soon became crowded（拥挤的）. But when an ant returning along the crowded route to the nest met with another ant just starting out, the returning ant pushed the newcomer onto the other path. However, if the returning ant had enjoyed a trouble-free journey, it did not send the newcomer in a different direction.
The result was that just before one route became clogged , the ants had turned to another route and traffic jams never formed.
The researchers also created a computer model of more complex ant networks with routes of different lengths. The team found that even though ants being sent in another direction sometimes took a longer route, they still got to the food quickly and efficiently.
Dr. Helbing, of the Dresden University of Technology in Germany, said that while you cannot allow cars to meet with traffic coming in the opposite（相反的）direction as a form of traffic control, you could do the next best thing and allow them to communicate.
His plan is to force cars traveling in one direction to tell oncoming traffic what the conditions they are about to meet with-- so they can avoid that situation if necessary.
小题1:The first paragraph suggests that _______.
| A．ants have a special way to manage congestion |
| B．ants are clever and good at dealing with the traffic jams because of developed brain |
| C．insects are similar to animals in dealing with the traffic jams because of developed brain |
| D．insects have more advantages than humans |
| A．cleaned | B．narrowed | C．crowded | D．shortened |
| A．The ant will change the direction of its own. |
| B．The ant stopped the newcomer from moving ahead and forced the newcomer to wait there patiently. |
| C．The ant can"t direct the newcomer. |
| D．The ant will push the newcomer to the other route, so traffic jams won"t form. |
| A．The cars cannot be allowed to communicate with traffic coming in the opposite direction. |
| B．The cars can communicate with traffic in the same direction. |
| C．The cars that travel in one direction can tell oncoming traffic about the traffic conditions. |
| D．We should build more routes of different lengths and widths. |
答案
小题1:B
小题1:C
小题1:D
小题1:C
解析
核心考点
试题【Researchers believe that the insect(昆虫) is better at managing congestion (拥挤) th】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
If spelling becomes the only focal (焦点的) point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That’s why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.
I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: “This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is terrible.” It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation (动机) to seek improvement.
小题1:Teachers are different in their opinions about _________.
| A．the difficulties in teaching spelling |
| B．the role of spelling in general language development |
| C．the complexities of the basic writing skills |
| D．the necessity of teaching spelling |
| A．to write carefully | B．to do as teachers say |
| C．to use dictionaries frequently | D．to avoid using words one is not sure of |
| A．students will be able to express their ideas more freely |
| B．students will have more confidence in writing |
| C．students will have less trouble in correcting mistakes |
| D．students will learn to be independent of teachers |
| A．unfair | B．reasonable | C．foolish | D．careless |
| A．the importance of developing writing skills |
| B．the complexities of spelling |
| C．the correct way of marking compositions |
| D．the relationship between spelling and the content of a composition |
The urine recycling system is needed for astronaut stations on the moon and Mars. It also will have NASA money because it won’t have to ship up as much water to the station by space shuttles or cargo rockets. Besides, it’s important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on board to six.
The recycling system had been brought up to the space station last November by space shuttles Endeavour, but it couldn’t be used until samples(样品) were tested back on earth. So when it came time to actually drink up, NASA made a big deal of it. The three-man crew stood holding their drinks and congratulated engineers in two NASA centres that worked on the system.
“This is something that had been the stuff of science fiction,” American astronaut Michael Barratt said before taking a small mouthful. “The taste is worth trying.”
The new system takes the combined urine of the crew from the toilet, moves it to a big tank, where the water is boiled off, and the vapor(水蒸气) is collected. The rest of the urine is thrown away. Then the water vapor is mixed with water from air, and then it goes through filters (过滤器). When six crew members are aboard it can make about six gallons from urine in about six hours.
“Some people may find the idea of drinking recycled urine distasteful, but it is also done on earth, but with a lot longer time between urine and the tap,” said Marybeth Edeen, the space station’s national lab manager.
The technology NASA developed for this system has already been used for quick water purification after the 2004 Asian tsunami.
小题1: According to the text, the recycling system is important because ___________.
| A．it makes traveling to the moon for the average person possible |
| B．with it NASA won’t need to ship any water up the space station |
| C．it can help meet the need for more water after the crew is expanded |
| D．it protects the environment in space by reducing the amount of waste |
a. The samples of the recycled water were tested on earth.
b. Astronauts celebrated the space first of making water from urine
c. The recycling system was brought up to the space station.
d. The technology for the system was used to quickly purify water.
| A．a, d, c, b | B．a, c, b, d | C．d, a, c, b | D．d, c, a, b |
| A．the theory behind the recycling system | B．the effect of the recycling system |
| C．the process of recycling urine | D．an opinion on recycling urine |
| A．The taste of recycled urine is not as good as that of common water. |
| B．The recycling system has made a science fiction story come true. |
| C．The idea of drinking recycled urine makes astronauts feel unpleasant. |
| D．It takes a longer time on earth to make water from urine than in space. |
| A．The Research of NASA Has Made Great Progress. |
| B．New Technology Is Used in the Space Station. |
| C．Drink up: Space Station Recycles Urine to Water. |
| D．Good News: Water Recycled from Urine Tastes Good |
For a start, the Government is prepared to send and additional 3,000 teachers to Singapore schools, cut the courses of study even further and change the way the mother tongue, especially Chinese, is taught．But, for the changes to be successful, parents need to help．
Singapore has a devoted group of teachers and principals and quite a few of them are outstanding, but the Republic’s schools can be even better．To help the schools make a jump in quality, the Government plans that within the next 6 years, it will send 1,000 more teachers to primary schools, 1,400 to secondary schools and 550 more to junior colleges．Each school would decide how to use its extra teachers．Some may want to make classes smaller so students get more individual attentions while others may have new teachers assist more senior teachers, but the overall goal is to give teachers the time and space to come up with ways to bring out the best in their students．
More teachers must not mean more homework, however．In fact, the Prime Minister wants to see the courses cut down so that there is less pressure on the students．Good grades are important but they should not be the only goal students have．PM Lee is convinced that “we must teach less so that our children can learn more．”
Another change will be in the teaching of the mother tongue so that students can become more fluent．The key is to teach Chinese as a living language not just an academic subject like Latin．Therefore, the focus should be on speaking and reading the language．To do this, there must be an environment outside the classroom that is contributing to strengthening the Chinese lessons．
小题1:The text is mainly about in Singapore．
| A．the education reform | B．adding more teachers |
| C．the mother tongue | D．ways of teaching |
| A．make classes smaller | B．assist more senior teachers |
| C．teach more | D．help teachers improve teaching quality |
| A．do more homework | B．give up higher grades |
| C．study more courses | D．be given more time to learn more |
| A．make it academic | B．have a creative environment |
| C．give more Chinese lessons | D．encourage speaking and reading a lot |
*Research shows that children spend between five and six hours per day watching TV, and they go to bed before having any communication with other family members.
*Time spent in front of a screen is reducing the amount of time children spend sleeping.
*The more time a youth spends in front of a screen, the more likely he or she is to be overweight.
Experts(专家) offer the following advice to parents on how to stop their children from becoming addicted to television:
*Do not put a TV in a child’s bedroom.
*Make meal time, family time -----turn off the TV during a family meal time. Better yet, remove the TV from the eating area.
*Make TV time active time by doing simple exercise during advertisement breaks.
*Help your kids be clever TV watchers by teaching them to recognize a sales trick in advertisements(广告).
*Create family memories by planning fun activities instead of always watching TV with your family.
*_______. Limit your own TV watching to less than two hours per day. The best way to learn is to follow; this is especially true for children.
小题1:Which fact is not mentioned(提到) as a result of watching TV in this passage?
| A．Family time has been destroyed. |
| B．Children who watch too much TV are often overweight. |
| C．Children spend less time sleeping because of watching TV. |
| D．Children’s study can be badly influenced if they watch too much TV. |
| A．Parents should teach children to judge TV advertisements. |
| B．TV should be removed from homes that have children. |
| C．The family should watch TV together while eating. |
| D．Parents should not allow children to watch TV. |
| A．Be a good role model | B．Limit children’s TV time |
| C．TV time should not be over 2 hours. | D．Watching too much TV is bad for children |
“The new Arctic Report Card tells a story of widespread and continued effects of a warming Arctic，” said Jackie Richter-Menge of the US’s Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory.
“This isn’t just a climatological (气候学的) effect. It impacts the people that live there，” she added.
Scientists concerned about global warming focus on the Arctic because that is a region where the effects are expected to be felt first， and that has been the case in recent years.
There was a slowdown in Arctic warming in 2009， but in the first half of 2010 warming was near a record pace. The monthly readings were over 4 degrees Celsius above normal in northern Canada， according to the report card. The report card was prepared by 69 researchers in eight countries.
Researchers said last winter’s big snow storms that struck some Northern countries were tied to higher Arctic temperatures.
“Normally the cold air is bottled up in the Arctic，” said Jim Overland of the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “But last December and February， winds that normally blow west to east across the Arctic were instead bringing the colder air south，” he said.
“As we lose more sea ice... warming in the atmosphere can create more of these winter storms，” Overland said.
There is a powerful connection between ice cover and air temperatures， Richter-Menge explained. When temperatures warm， ice melts. When ice melts it shows darker surfaces underneath ， which absorb more heat. “That， in turn， causes more melting and on the cycle goes，” she said.
In September the Arctic sea ice extent was the third smallest in the last 30 years， added Don Perovich of the US Army Laboratory. He said the three smallest ice covers have occurred in the last four years.
小题1:Scientists care so much about the warming in the Arctic region because .
| A．the climate in the Arctic doesn’t change much |
| B．global warming effects are most serious in the Arctic region |
| C．there has been a major decrease of Arctic warming in recent years |
| D．by studying the region they can make predictions about the future impact of global warming |
A. The surface of the sea ice in Arctic is getting darker and darker.
B. The Arctic sea ice extent has disappeared over the last 30 years.
C. The sea ice extent has increased to one of the highest levels on record.
小题3: What does the underlined word “cycle” refer to？
| A．Ice giving off heat when it melts. |
| B．Higher temperatures bringing more storms. |
| C．The cause and the result of the melting. |
| D．The life of the people living in the Arctic getting worse. |
| A．Higher Arctic temperatures. |
| B．The melting ice. |
| C．The cold wind blowing west to east. |
| D．Cold air bottled up in the Arctic. |
| A．Last winter’s big snow-storms. |
| B．Winds in the Arctic region. |
| C．Arctic warming and its possible effects. |
| D．Changes to the life of people living in the Arctic. |
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