题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Joan Mclean think so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that she’s developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who” invented “what”, however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and ”how” questions. According to Mclean,” When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”
So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldn’t be a built-in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作杆)on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper.
Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations,It’s hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgan’s traffic light. It’s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgett’s innovation that makes glass invisible, Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?
小题1:By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”, the author indicates that countless inventions are .
A.beneficial, because their inventors are famous |
B.beneficial, though their inventors are less famous |
C.not useful, because their inventors are less famous |
D.not useful, though their inventors are famous |
A.add colour and variety to students’ campus life |
B.inform students of the windshield wiper’s invention |
C.carry out the requirements by Mountain University |
D.prepare students to try their own invention |
A.not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer |
B.inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper |
C.due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm |
D.not related to Professor Joan McLean’s lectures |
A How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers?
B How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window?
C Shouldn’t We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper?
D Shouldn’t We Develop Invention Courses in Universities?
答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C
解析
小题1:推理判断题。根据第一段内容结合下文可推断,作者提到交通信号灯、雨刮器等发明,是想说无数的发明对人类十分有益,虽然它们的发明者没有太大的名气。
小题2:细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,John McLean教授开设这门课程的目的就是让学生有足够的准备去尝试自己发明东西。
小题3:细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,Tommy Lee发明的“不会折断的雨伞”就是受到了雨刮器背后的故事的激励。
小题4:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章的第一段就是主题段,特别是第一段最后一句充分体现了作者想要表达的心声,接下来的内容都是围绕第一段展开并为第一段服务的。
核心考点
试题【We know the famous ones—the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells —but w】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The project, called Hywind, is the world’s first large-scale deepwater wind turbine(涡轮发电机).Although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton,2.3-megawatt turbine, Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture),a technology Hywind’s creator, the Norwegian company StatoilHydro, has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cable(缆索);these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves. Hywind’s stability(稳定性)in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September.
To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but it’s difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. To make that turbine heavier, the whole spar’s to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox(变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades (see picture )
Hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating wind-farm technology could be extremely large. Out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing offshore windmills are planted. Deep-sea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmill-as-eyesore objection. If the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planet’s surface to one of the best low-carbon power sources available.
小题1:The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of _______.
A.the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor |
B.the spar which is floating in deep-sea water |
C.the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind |
D.the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface |
A.on the sea floor | B.on the spar top |
C.at sea level | D.behind the blades |
A.solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills |
B.make financial profits by producing more turbines |
C.settle the arguments about environmental problems |
D.explore low-carbon power resources available at sea |
The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African savanna elephant
Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils (化石),mammoths and mastodons the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.
The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.
There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.
Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the elephants’ significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.
Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University of Minois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purpose. Since 1950 all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先)for conservation purpose .”
小题1:One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________.
A.the Asian elephant | B.the forest elephant |
C.the savanna elephant | D.the mastodon elephant |
A.evolution | B.exhibition | C.separation | D.examination |
A.DNA | B.height | C.weight | D.population |
A.The conversation of African elephants. |
B.The purpose of studying African elephants |
C.The way to divide African elephants into two units |
D.The reason for the distinction of African elephants |
A.Naturalist’s Belief about Elephants. |
B.Amazing Experiment about Elephants |
C.An Unexpected Finding about Elephants |
D.A Long scientific Debate about Elephants |
Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated(展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person’s thoughts.
In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.
“our brain has billions of nerve ceils. These send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓)to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”
The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.
Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”
He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit frotn. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.
小题1:
BCI is a technology that can
A.help to update computer systems | B.link the human brain with computers |
C.help the disabled to recover | D.control a person"s thoughts |
How" did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?
A.By controlling his muscles. | B.By talking to the machine. |
C.By moving his hand. | D.By using his mind. |
Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?
A.scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair |
B.computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair |
C.scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair |
D.cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair |
The team will test with real patients to
A.make profits from them | B.prove the technology useful to them |
C.make them live longer | D.learn about their physical condition |
Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A.Switzerland, the BCI Research Center |
B.New Findings About How the Human Brain Works |
C.BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled |
D.Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries |
Joining in the churs at times. So is howling a way to strcagthen a social boad or just a way to reconfirm status among its members? ——Why do welves howl for sure?
What is cleat, however, is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other. Hunting grounds are distant and it happens that woloves may separate from one another at times. When this happens, howling appcars to be an ercellent means of gathering.
Howling, interestingly, is a contagious behaviour. When one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow. This is often seen to occat in the morning, as if wolves were doing some sotr of “roll rall”where wolves all howl togeter to howl, very likely others will follow. This is often seen to occar in the morning, as if wolves were doing w some sotr of “roll call”where wolves all howl together to repotr their pteence.
小题1:.What the por similarity between wolves’ how humaes ting in chorus?
A.The act of calling each other. |
B.the sense of accomplishment. |
C.The act of hunting for something. |
D.The sense of belonging to a group. |
A.Wolves separate from each other after howling. |
B.Wolves tend to protect their hunting grounds. |
C.Wolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together. |
D.Wolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus. |
A.show their ranks |
B.find their companion |
C.report the missing ones |
D.express their lonelingess |
A.howling is a signal for hunting |
B.howling is a way of communication |
C.howling aften occurs in the morning |
D.howling spreads from one to another |
In January, Starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6,800 of its states. This is the first pay-by-phone practice in the U.S., but we’re likely to see more witeless payment alternatives as something called ucar field communcation(NFC)GETS IN TO America’s consumet electanies. Last Deccmbet some new smart phanes which cantain an NFC chip were introduced to the public.
Already in use in part of Asia and Europe, NFC allows shoppers to wave theie phones a few inchs above a payment terminal-a contact-free system build for speed and convenience. plan a few incees live a payment tetminal a one a few ptaht need to be worked out, like who will get to collect the profitable trunsacian(交易)fees. Although some credit card providers have been experimenting with wave and pay systems that use NFC enabled credit cards, cellphone service providers truay try to mused their way into the point of sale (POS)market. Three big cell phone service providers have formed a joinf tenture(合资企业)that will go into opention over the next 15 months. Its goal is“to lead the U.S. payments industry from cards to mobile phone.”
The other big NFC sue, apart from how paymeats will be processed, is security, For instance, what’s to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you? “We’re still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against yee in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone,”says Jimmy Shah. A mobile security rescarcher, “Usera may also be able to set transaction timeits,requiring a password to be enteced for larger putchases.
Bussiness? Keep in mund you lost your smart phone, it can be located on a located on a map and remotely disabled. Plus, your phone can be password protected, Your wallet isn’t.
小题1:What is predicted to happen in the U.S.?
A.The expansion of cellphone companices. |
B.The boom of pay by phone business. |
C.The dissppearanceof credit cards. |
D.The increase of Starbucks sales.s |
A.ensure the safety of shoppers |
B.collect transaction fees easily |
C.make purchase faster and smpler |
D.improve the quality of cellphones |
A.strengthen their relationship |
B.get a share in the payments industry |
C.sell more cellphones |
D.test the NFC teehnoingy |
A.Stop the luneting of niet phones. |
B.Stop a passwant. |
C.Cat all the money out of their phones. |
D.Can large purchases. |
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