In a natural disaster—a hurricane, flood, volcanic eruption, or other catastroph - 高中英语试题 - 超级试练试题库

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In a natural disaster—a hurricane, flood, volcanic eruption, or other catastrophes—minutes and even seconds of warning can make the difference between life and death．Because of this, scientists are working to use the latest technological advances to predict when and where disasters will happen．They are also studying how best to analyze and communicate this information once it is obtained．
On September 29, 1998, Hurricane Georges made landfall in Biloxi, Mississippi, after damaging Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and several islands of the Caribbean badly with torrential rains and winds up to 160 km per hour．Few people lost their lives along the Gulf Coast of the United States, although hundreds died in the Caribbean．
This was a very different outcome from 1900, when a powerful Gulf Coast hurricane made an unexpected direct hit on Galveston, Texas, killing at least 6,000 people．
Vastly improved hurricane warnings explain the different circumstances at either end of the 20th century——residents of Galveston had no advance warning that a storm was approaching, while residents of Biloxi had been warned days in advance, allowing for extensive safety precautions（预防）．
At the same time that people in Biloxi were thankful for the advance warning, some residents of New Orleans, Louisiana were less satisfied．A day before Georges made landfall, forecasters were predicting that the hurricane had a good chance of striking New Orleans．Because much of New Orleans lies below sea level, the city is at risk for flooding．Emergency management officials must begin evacuations（疏散）well before a storm strikes．But evacuation costs money: businesses close, tourists leave, and citizens take precautionary measures．The mayor of New Orleans estimated that his city" s preparations for Georges cost more than 50 million．After Georges missed New Orleans, some residents questioned the value of the hurricane forecasts in the face of such high costs．
The different views on the early warnings for Hurricane Georges show some of the complexities related to predicting disasters．Disaster prediction is a process of providing scientific information to the government officials and other decision makers who must respond to those predictions．
小题1:What is the purpose of disaster prediction according to the passage?

A．To identify the cause of disasters．

B．To save people" s lives and property．

C．To prevent natural disasters from happening,

D．To apply advanced technology to disaster prediction．

小题2:Which of the following areas suffered the most severe damage?

A．Puerto Rico．	B．New Orleans．
C．Biloxi, Mississippi．	D．Galveston, Texas．

小题3:The city residents of New Orleans were unsatisfied because __ _ .

A．the forecast hurricane did not hit the city

B．the hurricane warning arrived rather late

C．their preparations were made in vain

D．they suffered from a heavy hurricane attack

小题4:What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．The different ways of disaster prediction．

B．Technological advances in disaster prediction．

C．The importance and uncertainty of disaster prediction．

D．The benefits and preparations of disaster prediction．

答案

小题1:B
小题1:D
小题1:C
小题1:C

解析

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试题【In a natural disaster—a hurricane, flood, volcanic eruption, or other catastroph】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]

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Disposing of the garbage we produce every day is a major problem in cities around the world. In the United States, over 160 million tons of garbage is produced every year. Ten percent is recycled, ten percent is burned, and the rest is put in landfills. But finding land for new landfills is becoming more difficult.
A city that has solved this problem in an unusual way is Machida in Tokyo. They have developed a totally new way of dealing with garbage. The key to the operation is that people should work together. Families must divide their garbage into six groups:

1. garbage that can be easily burned, such as kitchen and garden trash
2. garbage that doesn’t burn easily, such as plastic tools and plastic toys
3. products that are poisonous or that cause pollution, such as batteries
4. bottles and glass containers that can be recycled
5. metal containers that can be recycled
6. large items, such as furniture and bicycles

The items in Groups 1 to 5 are collected on different days. Large items are only collected upon request. Then the garbage is taken to a centre that looks like a clean new office building or hospital. Inside the centre, special equipment is used to sort and deal with garbage. Almost everything can be reused: garden or kitchen trash becomes fertilizer; garbage that can burn is burned to produce electricity; metal containers and bottles are recycled; and old furniture, clothing, and other useful items are cleaned, repaired, and resold cheaply or given away. The work provides employment for the disabled and gives them a chance to learn new skills.
Nowadays, officials from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can use some of these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage problems.
小题1: Each year people in the U.S.A. have to find places to put in _______ million tons of garbage.
A.160 B.128 C.16 D.32
小题2:George’s family has the following garbage: wooden chairs, empty tins and branches. Into which group should he put the garbage?

A．Group 6, Group 5, Group 1.	B．Group 1, Group 3, Group 2.
C．Group 6, Group 5, Group 2.	D．Group 6, Group 4, Group 1.

小题3: From the text we know that ________ .

A．those who are working at the garbage disposal centre are disabled persons.

B．without people’s cooperation, the garbage disposal project would be a failure.

C．the items in Group1 and Group6 are not collected on the same day.

D．the garage is taken to a clean new office building for disposal.

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

It is time for students to sell such things as chocolate bars and greeting cards to raise money for their school, class or club. It is inevitable that they will knock on your door and you will easily hand over your cash for overpriced items that you really do not want. That is okay, though, because there are many reasons why children should be allowed to raise money for their schools and clubs.
Fundraising（募集资金） is a great way to help children learn social skills. It is not easy to go up to a complete stranger and ask him for his money. They have to nicely ask for help, show the interested buyer what they have to offer and explain how it will help them in school. If someone refuses to buy an item, that child has to take the failure in stride(不特别费力地), and that is a learning lesson as well.
Students can learn how to deal with money by fundraising. Of course, it might seem safer for us to take charge of our children’s earnings from their fundraising before it is turned into the school. However, by making them keep track of it, count it, and make sure everyone pays the right amount, they are learning an important lesson. Dealing with money is important to know about when they are older.
Fundraising helps improve their schools. It is the children’s school. They have to learn there and grow there. Why not let them help in making it a better place?
Fundraising allows for more life experiences for the child. The raised money is used towards things like parties, trips, or for the music club to go to see a Broadway play. The children receive the rewards for their hard work at raising the money. Without fundraising, these field trips and special school memories would be missed.
In a word, fundraising helps children a lot in many ways.
小题1:The underlined word “inevitable” in the first paragraph means “_______”.

A．不可能的

B．不恰当的

C．不可避免的

D．不现实的

小题2:One of the important indications that children are grown up is that __________.

A．children can deal with money

B．children learn to care for others

C．children make a date with friends of the other sex

D．children like to make up

小题3:The author thinks that fundraising _______.

A．adds to the family’s burden	B．wastes the learning time
C．helps to develop the children’s character	D．builds up the children’s bodies

小题4:Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
CP: Central point P: Point Sp: Sub-point（次要点） C: Conclusion

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

Finding the right school for

your child is a process． You will want to read about the school, talk to any friends who are involved in the school and, most important of all, visit the school．
The first step in finding out about Indian Creek is to request an information packet． We will be happy to send you a packet containing a brochure（小册子）, the fee structure and an application． The packet should answer most of your general questions about the school．
In order to get a true sense of Indian Creek School, you should come for an Admission Tour, which includes a personal meeting focusing on your child, a tour of the building and the classrooms, and a discussion of the curriculum（课程）．
This visit is no less important if the child for whom you are seeking admission is a teenager than if he or she is a three-year-old one． Every school has a different “school climate．” If you visit two or three schools, you will notice that each “feels” different． You know your child best and you will quickly develop a sense of whether a school is the right match or not．
●The initial point of entry for Indian Creek Students is at the pre-kindergarten level for three year olds．
●Children must be three years old by August 31st．
●We also have major points of entry from grade six to grade nine． At each of these levels, we open new sections and accept students in addition to those moving up from our own lower grades．
●There are scattered（零散的） openings available throughout the program due to attrition（学生流失）． Once an opening occurs, students spend a day at ICS, part of which includes admission testing．
小题1:You can NOT get to know about ICS by ．

A．getting an information packet	B．taking an admission tour
C．asking friends involved in ICS	D．taking an admission test

小题2:During the Admission Tour, you can ．

A．having a meeting with the children

B．decide on the design of the classrooms

C．talk with the school about the courses

D．choose the weather suitable for study．

小题3:Which of the following is NOT accepted for ICS when there is no attrition?

A．A boy who will be 3 years old by July．

B．A fifth grader originally studying in ICS．

C．An eighth grader from another school．

D．A fourth grader from another school．

小题4:The text is intended for ．

A．teachers	B．parents
C．kindergarteners	D．school kids

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

Just as the world’s most respected scientific bodies have confirmed that the world is getting hotter, they have also stated that there is strong evidence that humans are driving the warming． Countless recent reports from the world’s leading scientific bodies have said the same thing． For example, a 2010 summary of climate science by the Royal Society stated that: “There is strong evidence that the warming of the Earth over the last half-century has been caused largely by human activity．”
The idea that humans could change the planet’s climate may be counter-intuitive（与直觉不符的）, but the basic science is well understood． Each year, human activity causes billions of tons of greenhouse gases to be released（释放）into the atmosphere． As scientists have known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanke

t．
Of course, the planet’s climate has always been changing thanks to “natural” factors（因素） such as changes in solar or volcanic（火山的）activity, or cycles relating the Earth’s going around the sun． According to the scientific literature, however, the warming recorded to date matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere – not the warming we would expect from other possible causes．
Even if

scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming observed so far, that would beg a difficult question． As Robert Henson puts it in The Rough Guide to Climate Change: “If some newly discovered factor can account for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”
The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths – one with human influence and one without． That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty．
小题1:In most scientists’ opinion, the global warming is mainly caused by ．

A．solar activity	B．volcanic activity
C．the Earth’s going around the sun	D．human activity

小题2:The text is developed by ．

A．giving typical examples	B．following the order of space
C．analysing a theory and arguing it	D．comparing and finding differences

小题3:The underline word “identical” means ．

A．totally different	B．exactly the same
C．extremely important	D．relatively independent

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

With only about 1, 000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. That’s a move similar to what a Texas A & M University researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah’s Ark”.
Noah’s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos(胚胎), semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A & M’s College of Veterinary Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.
It is estimated that as many as 2, 000 species of mammals, birds, reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.
This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal. The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.
“The nuclear transfer of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available(capable of being used) panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (having a baby). It takes a long time and it’s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A & M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.
“They are trying to do something that’s never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark. We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It’s a research that is very much needed.”
小题1: The aim of “Noah’s Ark” project is to _______.

A．make efforts to clone the endangered pandas	B．save endangered animals from dying out
C．collect DNA of endangered animals to study	D．transfer the nuclear of one animal to another

小题2: According to Professor Kraemer, the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack of _______.

A．available panda eggs

B．host animals

C．qualified researchers

D．enough money

小题3:The best title for the passage may be _______.

A．China’s Success in Pandas Cloning	B．The First Cloned Panda in the World
C．Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas	D．China —the Native Place of Pandas Forever

小题4:From the passage we know that _______.

A．Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dog

B．scientists try to implant a panda’s egg into a rabbit

C．Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researches

D．about two thousand of species will probably die out in a century

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