题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earth’s surface. It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere. Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere,30% is reflected by clouds or the Earth’s surface. The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet, causes water to evaporate, and provides energy for the water cycle and weather. Only a tiny part, approximately 0.023%, is actually used by green plants to produce food.
Many gases found in the atmosphere actually reflect heat energy escaping from the Earth’s surface back to the Earth. These gases act like the glass of a greenhouse in that they allow energy from the Sun to enter but prevent energy from leaving. They are therefore called greenhouse gases.
When sunlight strikes an object, some of the energy is absorbed and some is reflected. The amount reflected depends on the surface. For example, you’ve probably noticed how bright snow is when sunlight falls on it. Snow reflects most of the energy from the Sun, so it contributes to the low temperatures of winter. Dark-coloured surfaces, such as dark soil or forest, absorb more energy and help warm the surrounding air.
小题1:According to the passage, the root( 根本的) cause for weather changes on the Earth is .
A.the atmosphere surrounding the Earth |
B.water from oceans and lakes |
C.energy from the Sun |
D.greenhouse gases in the sky |
A.absorbed by the clouds in the lower atmosphere |
B.reflected by the gases in the upper atmosphere |
C.lost in the upper and lower atmosphere |
D.used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakes |
A.all living things on the Earth depend on the Sun for their food |
B.a forest looks dark in winter because it absorbs solar energy |
C.only 0.023% of the energy from the Sun is made use of on the Earth |
D.greenhouse gases allow heat energy to escape from the Earth’s surface |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:C
小题3:A
解析
试题分析:本文介绍了太阳对我们的重要作用,仔细讲述了太阳光对地球的影响等信息。
小题1:C 细节题。根据第一段The Sun is the major source of energy for our planet. It causes the evaporation (蒸发) of water from the oceans and lakes. Sunlight also provides the energy used by green plants to make their own food. These green plants then provide food for all organisms(生物) on the Earth说明太阳的能量是最重要的原因,故C正确。
小题2:C 细节题。根据第二段1,2行uch of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earth’s surface. It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere.说明C正确。
小题3:A 细节题。根据第一段最后3行Sunlight also provides the energy used by green plants to make their own food. These green plants then provide food for all organisms(生物) on the Earth.说明太阳才是人们的衣食父母,故A正确。
点评:本文细节题居多,答题时在文章找到对应的地方,用笔进行标记,这有利于后期有时间检查时可以立刻找到答案的位置。仔细理解作者所讲的意思,再结合选项,通过排除法和自己对全文的把握,选出正确答案。
核心考点
试题【We experience different forms of the Sun’s energy every day. We can see its ligh】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
A wolf naturally lives on animals in the deer family. People there also hunt deer for food. Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the plant life there. When the deer can’t find enough food, they die.
If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer, the deer will disappear some day. And the wolves will, too. So we must change the life cycles there. If we killed more wolves, we would save them from starving. We also save deer and some farm animals.
In another northern state, wolves attack cows and chickens for food. Farmers want the United States government to send a team of scientists to study the problem. They believe it is necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small population.
小题1:In Alaska, laws have been passed to ____.
A.protect people from wolves and deer |
B.protect wolves from becoming dangerous |
C.protect wolves from dying out |
D.keep wolves from killing large numbers of deer |
A.Because wolves will have no deer to kill. |
B.Because people will kill them for punishment. |
C.Because killing deer is dangerous. |
D.Because wolves mainly live on deer. |
A.pass a law | B.keep deer away from wolves |
C.kill more wolves | D.serve wolves more food |
A.Some wolves in some areas must be killed, which others should be protected. |
B.Wolves should be protected, for there’s a small population of it on earth. |
C.All wolves should be protected, for they eat deer, cows and chicken. |
D.It is necessary for scientists to protect wolves, or the cycle of life will be changed |
On the other hand, the modern society gives more freedom to the children than they could “handle”. As a child, you don’t know how to grow up by yourself until you reach a certain age. That is why you need school and parents to be by your side all the time. If you don’t have either of them you may make a lot of mistakes. The social system of the modern society is very lenient especially with the children.
Most of the children today are rebels (判逆者). They are rude. They are given too much freedom by their families. This is their parent’s mistake. They ought to know that the freedom they give to their children is misunderstood.
For example it is a bad thing for a 17 – year – old child to go out in the evening on weekends. Parents are also guilty of the way their children show up in the street or at school. The same guilt belongs to the teaching system as well. Pupils shouldn’t be allowed to dress like they were on a fashion presentation at school.
Another important fact we can think of regarding the freedom of children is their free will of spending money. Parents shouldn’t allow their children to spend money on whatever they want.
I think children are given too much freedom not only by their parents, but also by the society. The latter is more to be blamed!
小题1:The writer implies that parents’ busy lifestyle .
A.makes their children become independent |
B.may lead to a tense parent – child relationship |
C.is harmful to their children’s health |
D.is likely to create a troubled generation |
A.Not responsible | B.Not strict. | C.Unkind. | D.Unfair. |
A.should stay at home on weekends |
B.can wear trendy clothes at school |
C.had better wear school uniform at school |
D.can be allowed to go out in the evenings |
A.The social environment. | B.The educational system. |
C.Each family. | D.The school. |
Some suggestions include talking to the children about what happened, letting the children express their own feelings, spending extra time with them doing activities together and reassuring (使放心)them that you love them and won"t leave them. For some children expressing themselves through drawing pictures or writing can be useful. Do everything possible to help children get back to a normal routine; however, don"t be afraid to "spoil" these children for a while after the disaster. Let them have extra privileges (特权)and more attention than usual. Encourage the children to grieve (悲痛)after a loss. It should be OK for them to cry. Caring families and friends can do much to heal children victims of disasters.
小题1:This passage is mainly about_______.
A.how to help traumatized(心理受到创伤的)children to get over |
B.the bad effects disasters bring to children |
C.the psychological problems children before ten are likely to suffer |
D.the importance of caring families |
A.more mature | B.less dependent | C.willing to help | D.ready to attack |
A.Allowing them freedom for some time. |
B.Asking them to hold their feelings. |
C.Encouraging them to show their grief. |
D.Talking them into taking care of others. |
The numbers are small so far in the U.S., but the idea is well established in Europe, with schools in Scotland, England, and Switzerland. By far the most such schools are in Germany, which has more than 400 forest kindergartens.
Some schools feature several hours of outdoor schooling. This is certainly the case with the Waldorf School of Saratoga Springs. Children there will be venturing out on the nearby Hemlock Trail to learn more about the natural world. Some lessons are focused on nature; others are academic topics delivered in a natural setting. In all cases, students are active-not sitting at desks or on mats on the floor but walking, running, jumping, solving problems like how to get the mud off the bottoms of their shoes before their parents find out.
Seriously, the focus is on activity at these schools. Studies have shown that children’s immune systems actually get stronger after all of the outdoor activity, and that graduates of forest kindergartens show a higher ability to learn when they progress through their academic careers.
Other schools are all outdoors, all the time. This is the case with the Cedar Song Nature School, on Vashon Island, Washington. Students at this school spend their whole three–hour day outdoors, in a private five-acre forest, doing all kinds of physical activities.
At these forest kindergartens, students learn science by observing and doing it, learn math by applying it to the natural world around them, learn letters and words by putting them together using sights and sounds. These students learn how to get along with one another, individually and in a group. They also develop healthy levels of self-confidence.
Nowadays many children become obese(肥胖的) because of sedentary(久坐的) activities like watching television and playing video games. These outdoor schools give children chances to learn just as much, if not more, from opening their eyes to the real world around them.
小题1:What do we know about forest kindergartens?
A.The first one was created in England. | B.They are very popular in Germany. |
C.There are 400 all over the world. | D.Their number is huge in the U.S. |
A.Kids learn more than those at ordinary kindergartens. |
B.Students go outside when weather permits. |
C.They value activity very much. |
D.They are situated in forests. |
A.the subjects | B.the activities |
C.the outdoor time | D.the teaching methods |
A.Get close to nature | B.A new trend of education |
C.Forest kindergartens are popular | D.Outdoor education benefits kids a lot |
Sometimes, you feel as if you’re on top of the world and all the questions on your maths test might seem easy. But occasionally you feel horrible, and you lose things and cannot focus on our schoolwork.
For more than 20 years, scientists have suggested that high self-esteem(自尊) is the key to success.Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self-esteem may not be helpful. In some cases, having high self-esteem can make people less likeable or more upset when they fail in something.
“Forget about self-esteem,” says Jennifer Crocker, a psychologist at the University of Michigan, US. “It’s not the important thing.”
Feeling good
Crocker’s advice may sound a bit strange. After all, feeling good can be good for you.Studies show that people with high self-esteem are less likely to be depressed, anxious, shy, or lonely than those with low self-esteem.
However, after reviewing about 18,000 studies on self-esteem, Roy Baumeister, a psychologist at Florida State University, has found that building up your self-esteem will not necessarily make you a better person.
He believes that violent people often have the highest self-esteem of all. He also said:“ There’s no evidence that kids with high self-esteem do better in school.”
Problems
All types of people have problems. People with high self-esteem can have big egos(自我) that can make them less likeable, said Kathleen Vohs, a psychology professor at Columbia University.People with high self-esteem tend to think more of themselves, VOhs says. People with low self-esteem are more likely to rely on their friends when they need help.
What to do
Researchers say it is best to listen to and support other people. Find positive ways to contribute to society. If you fail in something, try to learn from the experience. “The best therapy(药方) is to recognize your faults,” Vohs says. “It’s OK to say, ‘I’ m not so good at that,’ and then move on.”
小题1:What does the underlined part “on top of the world” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A.Quite helpful. | B.Extremely happy. | C.Very unlucky. | D.Rather upset. |
A.is not important at all | B.makes people more likeable |
C.may not be the key to success | D.helps you do better at school |
A.Feeling good doesn’t mean you lead a happy life. |
B.People with high self-esteem always seek others’ help. |
C.People with high self-esteem tend to be selfish. |
D.People with low self-esteem are often more popular. |
A.with high self-esteem | B.with low self-esteem |
C.who contribute significantly to society | D.who are in need of support |
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