题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Some suggestions include talking to the children about what happened, letting the children express their own feelings, spending extra time with them doing activities together and reassuring （使放心）them that you love them and won"t leave them. For some children expressing themselves through drawing pictures or writing can be useful. Do everything possible to help children get back to a normal routine; however, don"t be afraid to "spoil" these children for a while after the disaster. Let them have extra privileges （特权）and more attention than usual. Encourage the children to grieve （悲痛）after a loss. It should be OK for them to cry. Caring families and friends can do much to heal children victims of disasters.
小题1:This passage is mainly about_______.
| A．how to help traumatized（心理受到创伤的）children to get over |
| B．the bad effects disasters bring to children |
| C．the psychological problems children before ten are likely to suffer |
| D．the importance of caring families |
| A．more mature | B．less dependent | C．willing to help | D．ready to attack |
| A．Allowing them freedom for some time. |
| B．Asking them to hold their feelings. |
| C．Encouraging them to show their grief. |
| D．Talking them into taking care of others. |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:B
解析
试题分析：本文主要讲述的是经历过灾难的孩子很容易患上心理方面的疾病，在文章里也提出了一些解决问题的方法。
小题1:A 主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段Psychologists （心理学家）say that if children go through a disturbing event before the age of ten, they are three times as likely to suffer psychological problems as teenagers.说明经历过灾难的孩子很容易就会有心理方面的问题，在文章第二段提出了多个解决这个问题的方法，故A正确，
小题2:D 细节题。根据第一段5,6行After a disaster children may become easily upset, shy, aggressive , or afraid of wind, rain, noises, or darkness.说明这样的孩子可能会很aggressive（侵略性），故D项，想要攻击别人正确。故D正确。
小题3:B 细节题。根据文章第二段ome suggestions include talking to the children about what happened, letting the children express their own feelings, spending extra time with them doing activities together and reassuring （使放心）them that you love them and won"t leave them和Let them have extra privileges （特权）and more attention than usual. Encourage the children to grieve （悲痛）after a loss.说明ACD三项都是解决问题的方法，只有B项没有提出来。故B项符合要求。
点评：本文主旨鲜明,很容易在文中找到答案。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读任务。
核心考点
试题【After an earthquake or any similar disaster, parents and teachers need to help c】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The numbers are small so far in the U.S., but the idea is well established in Europe, with schools in Scotland, England, and Switzerland. By far the most such schools are in Germany, which has more than 400 forest kindergartens.
Some schools feature several hours of outdoor schooling. This is certainly the case with the Waldorf School of Saratoga Springs. Children there will be venturing out on the nearby Hemlock Trail to learn more about the natural world. Some lessons are focused on nature; others are academic topics delivered in a natural setting. In all cases, students are active-not sitting at desks or on mats on the floor but walking, running, jumping, solving problems like how to get the mud off the bottoms of their shoes before their parents find out.
Seriously, the focus is on activity at these schools. Studies have shown that children’s immune systems actually get stronger after all of the outdoor activity, and that graduates of forest kindergartens show a higher ability to learn when they progress through their academic careers.
Other schools are all outdoors, all the time. This is the case with the Cedar Song Nature School, on Vashon Island, Washington. Students at this school spend their whole three–hour day outdoors, in a private five-acre forest, doing all kinds of physical activities.
At these forest kindergartens, students learn science by observing and doing it, learn math by applying it to the natural world around them, learn letters and words by putting them together using sights and sounds. These students learn how to get along with one another, individually and in a group. They also develop healthy levels of self-confidence.
Nowadays many children become obese(肥胖的) because of sedentary（久坐的） activities like watching television and playing video games. These outdoor schools give children chances to learn just as much, if not more, from opening their eyes to the real world around them.
小题1:What do we know about forest kindergartens?
| A．The first one was created in England. | B．They are very popular in Germany. |
| C．There are 400 all over the world. | D．Their number is huge in the U.S. |
| A．Kids learn more than those at ordinary kindergartens. |
| B．Students go outside when weather permits. |
| C．They value activity very much. |
| D．They are situated in forests. |
| A．the subjects | B．the activities |
| C．the outdoor time | D．the teaching methods |
| A．Get close to nature | B．A new trend of education |
| C．Forest kindergartens are popular | D．Outdoor education benefits kids a lot |
Sometimes, you feel as if you’re on top of the world and all the questions on your maths test might seem easy. But occasionally you feel horrible, and you lose things and cannot focus on our schoolwork.
For more than 20 years, scientists have suggested that high self-esteem(自尊) is the key to success.Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self-esteem may not be helpful. In some cases, having high self-esteem can make people less likeable or more upset when they fail in something.
“Forget about self-esteem,” says Jennifer Crocker, a psychologist at the University of Michigan, US. “It’s not the important thing.”
Feeling good
Crocker’s advice may sound a bit strange. After all, feeling good can be good for you.Studies show that people with high self-esteem are less likely to be depressed, anxious, shy, or lonely than those with low self-esteem.
However, after reviewing about 18,000 studies on self-esteem, Roy Baumeister, a psychologist at Florida State University, has found that building up your self-esteem will not necessarily make you a better person.
He believes that violent people often have the highest self-esteem of all. He also said:“ There’s no evidence that kids with high self-esteem do better in school.”
Problems
All types of people have problems. People with high self-esteem can have big egos(自我) that can make them less likeable, said Kathleen Vohs, a psychology professor at Columbia University.People with high self-esteem tend to think more of themselves, VOhs says. People with low self-esteem are more likely to rely on their friends when they need help.
What to do
Researchers say it is best to listen to and support other people. Find positive ways to contribute to society. If you fail in something, try to learn from the experience. “The best therapy(药方) is to recognize your faults,” Vohs says. “It’s OK to say, ‘I’ m not so good at that,’ and then move on.”
小题1:What does the underlined part “on top of the world” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
| A．Quite helpful. | B．Extremely happy. | C．Very unlucky. | D．Rather upset. |
| A．is not important at all | B．makes people more likeable |
| C．may not be the key to success | D．helps you do better at school |
| A．Feeling good doesn’t mean you lead a happy life. |
| B．People with high self-esteem always seek others’ help. |
| C．People with high self-esteem tend to be selfish. |
| D．People with low self-esteem are often more popular. |
| A．with high self-esteem | B．with low self-esteem |
| C．who contribute significantly to society | D．who are in need of support |
The 16-year-old country girl in Zhucheng, Shandong Province has experienced one disaster after another in her short life. Li lost her mother at three. Four years later, her father became paralyzed after a tractor accident. At 12, her misfortune returned with the death of her grandma. Since then she has been forced to shoulder all the responsibility for her broken family.
Li learnt to cook and managed to live a life with an allowance of only 24 yuan per month. The most difficult thing she had to deal with was helping her father bathe, dress and use the toilet as he could hardly move.
"I felt embarrassed, and so did my dad. It was really hard at the beginning," she recalled.
During most of her junior school years, Li went to classes only once a month as her father was seriously ill at the time.
"I taught myself at home and asked teachers for help on my school days," she explained.
Li"s hard work paid off this fall. She was admitted by Zhucheng No 1 High School, a local key school, based on her good performance in the entrance exams.
The school offered Li and her father a room on campus to live in so she could look after him during breaks.
Once in a while, Li felt sad when she saw her classmates going shopping or hanging out with friends.
"I envy them sometimes because they have both mum and dad to look after them. However, I soon feel relieved as I still have my dad with me," she said.
Li admitted that the difficulties in life had taught her to be strong.
"I believe I will go on and continue my studies at a good university," she said, in a confident tone.
Her teacher Mr. Wang has the same belief. Li made great progress in the recent monthly exams. "She works hard and is always eager to excel . It"s not easy for her never to be late for school, but she has managed to make it work," Wang said.
小题1:Li Qinmei has to shoulder the family because ________.
| A．her father was badly injured in a car accident |
| B．her mother passed away when she was 3 |
| C．her grandma died when she was 12 |
| D．misfortune in her life forced her to do so |
| A．Li Qinmei doesn’t like others talking about her father |
| B．many young students hate going to school with their parents |
| C．Li Qinmei has made little progress in her study |
| D．Li Qinmei has lost three relatives and has to take care of her father |
| A．playing outside | B．working hard | C．exchanging ideas | D．talking happily |
| A．Difficulties make strong |
| B．A touching story |
| C．A strong-minded girl-Li Qinmei |
| D．Li Qinmei’s successful study life |
“ I think we are knocking at the door of immortality (永生),” said Michael Zey, a Montclair State University business professor and author of two books on the future. “ I think by 2075 we will see it and that’s a conservative estimate（保守估计）.”
At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor at New Jersey Medical School in Newark said progress in using genes as well as nanotechnology（纳米技术）makes it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past. “ There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years,” he said. “ Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years.”
However, many scientists who research into aging are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last about 120 years. Even with healthier lifestyles and less disease, they say failure of the brain and organs will finally lead all humans to death.
Scientists also disagree on what kind of life the super aged might live. “It remains to be seen whether you could be healthy enough to have good quality of life when you pass 120.” said Leonard Poon, director of the University of Georgia Gerontology Center. “ At present people who could get to that point are not in good health at all.”
小题1:By saying “ we are knocking at the door immortality”, Michael Zey means_____.
| A．they believe that there is no limit of living |
| B．they are sure to find the truth about long living |
| C．they have got some ideas about long living |
| D．they are able to make people live beyond the present life span |
| A．people can live from 120 to 180 |
| B．it is still doubtful how long humans can live |
| C．the human body is designed to last about 120 years |
| D．it is possible for humans to live longer in the future |
| A．a great push |
| B．the idea of living beyond the present life span |
| C．the idea of living from 200 to 300 |
| D．the conservative estimate |
| A．Living longer or not |
| B．Science, technology and long living |
| C．No limit for human life |
| D．Healthy lifestyle and long living |
Living in a modern society with more and more out-of-date but still useful computers, many people have to face such a troubling problem: How to deal with those old computers? Some old ones are put away in homes. Many more are just thrown out with the rubbish.
Don’t worry! Some companies are coming up with new ways to cut the number of old computers. Sony, Dell, Hewlett-Packard and other companies now agree to take back some old computers.
In some countries, there are laws about what to do with old computers. By law, computer companies will have to pay for collecting and recycling their used products. And 70% of computer waste must be recycled. The idea behind the laws is that computer companies themselves should pay the cost. That will encourage them to make computers that are easier and cheaper to repair and upgrade（升级）.
While many people are throwing away good computers, others cannot afford them at all. Hundreds of organizations（组织）are working to solve this problem. They collect and repair old computers before sending them to schools, charities（慈善团体）and people who need them. In this way, we can turn one person"s rubbish into someone else"s useful things-and cut down on waste.
小题1:What do many people do with old computers?
| A．They sell them to others. |
| B．They try to repair them. |
| C．They give them to others. |
| D．They stop using them |
| A．recycle most of their products |
| B．make their computers cheaper |
| C．repair and upgrade old computers |
| D．collect all their used products |
| A．help the computer companies to collect old ones |
| B．repair old ones and send them to whoever needs them. |
| C．advise people not to throw away good computers. |
| D．encourage people to turn rubbish into useful things. |
| A．How to repair old computers. |
| B．Avoid producing too many computers. |
| C．Encourage to recycle old computers. |
| D．How to turn rubbish into useful things |
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