题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
“The brain is not passive while you sleep,” scientist Anat Arzi said. “It’s quite active. You can do many things while you are asleep.”
Arzi and her coworkers didn’t try to teach the sleeping volunteers any complex information, like new words or facts. Instead, the scientists taught volunteers to make new connections between smells and sounds.
When we smell something good, like a flower, we take deep breaths. When we smell something bad, we take short breaths. Arzi and her co-workers based their experiment on these reactions.
Once the volunteers fell asleep in the lab, the scientists went to work. They gave them a whiff of something pleasant and meanwhile played a particular musical note. They didn’t wake up, but they heard—and sniffed(吸气) deeply. Then the scientists gave the volunteers a whiff of something terrible and played a different musical note. Again, the volunteers heard and smelled—a short snort this
time—but didn’t wake up. The researchers repeated the experiment.
After just four repetitions, volunteers made a connection between the musical notes and their paired smells. When the scientists played the musical tone that went with good smells, the sleepers breathed deeply. And when the scientists played the musical tone that went with bad smells, the sleepers breathed briefly—despite there being no bad smell.
The next day, the volunteers woke up with the sound-smell connection. They breathed deeply when hearing one tone and cut their breaths short when hearing the other, which must have been unusual for them. Imagine walking down the street and taking a deep breath upon hearing a particular sound!
小题1:In the study, the volunteers were taught _______.
A.to become active during sleep |
B.to tell the difference between smell |
C.to learn new words and scientific facts |
D.to make sound-smell connections |
A.They took a deep breath. | B.They had a wonderful dream. |
C.They woke up at once. | D.They took a short breath. |
A.learned how to play to musical tones |
B.forgot what happened during their sleep |
C.continued with the sound-smell connection |
D.changed their reaction when hearing. |
A.special smells and sounds can improve our memory. |
B.our brain can actually learn something new during the sleep. |
C.the volunteers will always hear similar sounds in the street. |
D.our brain can tell the difference between smells during the sleep. |
A.A short sleep can improve our memory and sharpen our thinking. |
B.Arzi and her coworkers didn’t try to teach the sleeping volunteer some simple information. |
C.When the volunteer smelt something terrible, they didn’t wake up. |
D.After four repetitions, volunteers made a connection between the musical notes and their pared smells. |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:B
小题5:B
解析
试题分析:本文主要讲述的是人在睡眠的时候,我们的大脑仍然是活跃的,仍然在学习很多新鲜的知识,文章中还描述了一个具体的实验来证明这一点。
小题1:D 细节题。根据第三段最后一句Instead, the scientists taught volunteers to make new connections between smells and sounds.可知在这个实验里,主要是把声音和味道联系在一起的。故D正确。
小题2:A 细节题。根据文章第五段前3行They gave them a whiff of something pleasant and meanwhile played a particular musical note. They didn’t wake up, but they heard—and sniffed(吸气) deeply可知当人们闻到好的味道时候,会做深呼吸。故A正确。
小题3:C 推理题。根据文章最后一段前3行The next day, the volunteers woke up with the sound-smell connection. They breathed deeply when hearing one tone and cut their breaths short when hearing the other, which must have been unusual for them.可知当人们第二天苏醒以后仍然有同样的联系。故C正确。
小题4:B 主旨大意题。根据文章主题段1,2段Scientists have proved that sleeping and learning go hand in hand. Even a short nap can boost our memory and sharpen our thinking. But the relationship goes deeper than that.和“The brain is not passive while you sleep,” scientist Anat Arzi said. “It’s quite active. You can do many things while you are asleep.”可知本文主要讲述的是在睡眠的时候我们的大脑也在学习某些东西,后面的实验也证明了这一点。故B正确。
小题5:B 细节题。根据文章第二段Arzi and her coworkers didn’t try to teach the sleeping volunteers any complex information, like new words or facts. 可知B项内容错误。
点评:本文主要讲述的是人在睡眠的时候,我们的大脑仍然是活跃的,仍然在学习很多新鲜的知识,文章中还描述了一个具体的实验来证明这一点。本文考查细节题为主,细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息或是其变体。搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法即先读题,然后带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题有关的词语或句子,再对相关部分进行分析对比,找出答案。
核心考点
试题【Scientists have proved that sleeping and learning go hand in hand. Even a short 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Group projects also give you a chance to get to know kids you might not otherwise know or talk with. Group projects are also a great way to practice skills you’re not so sure of. For example: working on a deadline, staying organized, or being patient. And if you’re a little nervous talking in front of a group, a joint project can help you become more comfortable with it. Maybe your group will pick you to tell the whole class about your project. If so, you’ll know your whole group is rooting for you!
One of the most important things about group work is talking and meeting together. It’s a good idea to continually check with everybody on their progress to see if anyone needs help. You might think the first step is to figure out who will do what, but actually it’s getting to know another a little. Take a few minutes to chat. Even if you know each other well, it can help to take a minute to think about your skills and share your strengths and weaknesses. The second step is to go over ground rules from your teacher and any that you want to create together as a group.
小题1:Group projects can give you a chance to do the following EXCEPT ________.
A.get to know more friends | B.learn more than you do alone |
C.work in an organized way | D.get rid of shyness forever |
A.like | B.support | C.offer | D.prevent |
A.To learn what they will do next. |
B.To find good topics to talk with them about. |
C.To help them when they need help. |
D.To make sure that their work is finished on time. |
A.group members should be your close friends |
B.talking with group members should be the first step of group work |
C.knowing persons is more important than your projects |
D.rules from teachers are more important than working among group members |
Another source of knowledge is the vast store of traditional practices handed down from father to son , or mother to daughter, of old country customs ,of folklore (风俗). All this is very difficult for a college student to examine, for much knowledge and personal experience is needed here to separate good plants from wild grass.The college students should learn to realize and remember how much of real value science has found in this wide, confused wilderness and how often scientific discoveries of what had existed in this area long age.
小题1: In the last paragraph the phrase "this wide, confused wilderness" refers to _____.
A.personal experience |
B.wild weeds among good plants |
C.the information from the parents |
D.the vast store of traditional practices |
A.The college students have trouble separating good plants from wild grass |
B.Craftsman’s experience is usually unscientific |
C.The contemptuous (傲慢的) college students will receive nothing from craftsmen |
D.Traditional practices are as important as experience for the college students |
A.be contemptuous to the craftsman |
B.be patient in helping the craftsman with scientific terms |
C.learn the craftsman’s experience by judging it carefully |
D.gain the craftsman’s experience without rejection |
A.what to learn from the parents | B.how to gain knowledge |
C.why to learn from craftsman | D.how to deal with experience |
These seals are born on land. Every year, usually in May or June, females find sandy beaches and give birth to a single baby. The female seals avoid beaches where the water becomes deep very quickly because this lets sharks swim close to land and catch the seals.
Mothers stay with their babies for six weeks. During that entire time, they do not leave the beach even to eat. Instead, they live off fat that they have stored up over the previous year and feed their babies with fat-rich milk. After six weeks, mothers go back to the sea. The young have to live on their own.
Human disturbance(打扰) has been regarded as the important factor in the decrease of the monk seals. In fact, if human come too near a mother seal too often, she will go out to the sea. Unfortunately, this usually means death for the baby. It is now against the law for people to come within 100 yards of a seal on a beach.
Recent research has shown that the decrease in the Hawaiian monk seal population is due to lack of survival of these seals at one of the most important breeding(繁殖) beaches at French Frigate Shoals. Also, seals often get trapped in fishermen and by changes in weather patterns. If these threats(威胁) were not enough, during the breeding season, males will attack females until they are badly injured or finally killed.
小题1:What can we learn about Hawaiian monk seals?
A.They are in danger of dying out. |
B.They spend most of the time on the beach. |
C.They are the largest animals on the Hawaiian Islands. |
D.They can stay under water as long as they like. |
A.is born at sea |
B.is fed on fat by the mother |
C.stays with its parents all life |
D.is looked after by its mother for 6 weeks |
A.sharks are a threat to Hawaiian monk seals |
B.male monk seals fight each other for females in the breeding season |
C.when disturbed by people, the mother seal will protect the baby seal |
D.Hawaiian monk seals give birth usually in July |
A.Ways to protect Hawaiian monk seals。 |
B.The struggle of Hawaiian monk seals to survive. |
C.The reasons for the decline(减少) of Hawaiian monk seals. |
D.The influence of climate change on Hawaiian monk seals. |
First of all, congratulations on your graduation! Graduation from high school means that a new stage of life is ahead of you. 小题1:_____.
小题2: . After you have messed up(弄乱) something, you should learn to clean it up yourself. Cleanliness is indeed close to good manners.
Don’t mistake knowledge for wisdom(智慧). No matter how much information or knowledge you have, you will never make right judgments if you don’t have wisdom. 小题3:_____. If you can imagine the possible future outcomes of your present decisions and actions, you can avoid mistakes. And if you can reflect(思考) on the mistake you have made, you can avoid making the same mistakes again and again. Such is wisdom.
Don’t complain(抱怨). When you take up a job, do your best to carry it out. 小题4:_____.
Finally, be an early bird. 小题5:______. And the sight of the rising sun will warm your heart and give you energy for the day ahead. Besides, being an early bird, you have plenty of time to take exercise or do a lot of work.
A.At the beginning of this new stage, I have some advice for you. |
B.If you get up earlier than the sun, you can watch it rise up slowly into the sky |
C.Once you start a job, you should try your best to do it well. |
D.Clean your own room and do your own washing. |
F. Get up early and go for some morning exercises to build up your body.
G. Wisdom comes from imagination and reflection.
Scientists, psychologists and English academics at Liverpool University have found that reading the works of the Bard and other classical writers has a beneficial effect on the mind, catches the reader’s attention and cause moments of self-reflection.
Using scanners, they monitored the brain activity of volunteers as they read works by William Shakespeare, William Wordsworth, T.S Eliot and others.
They then “translated” the texts into more “straightforward”, modern language and again monitored the readers’ brains as they read the words.
Scans showed that the more “challenging” prose (散文)and poetry set off far more electrical activity in the brain than the more pedestrian versions.
Scientists were able to study the brain activity as it responded to each word and record how it “lit up” as the readers encountered unusual words, surprising phrases or difficult sentence structure.
This “lighting up” of the mind lasts longer than the initial electrical spark, shifting the brain to a higher gear, encouraging further reading.
The research also found that reading poetry, in particular, increases activity in the right hemisphere (半球)of the brain, an area concerned with “autobiographical memory”, helping the reader to reflect on and reappraise their own experiences in light of what they have read. The academics said this meant the classics were more useful than self-help books.
Philip Davis, an English professor who has worked on the study with the university’s magnetic resonance centre, will tell a conference this week: “Serious literature acts like a rocket-booster to the brain.
"The research shows the power of literature to shift mental pathways, to create new thoughts, shapes and connections in the young and the elderly alike.”
小题1:How do classics such as Shakespeare and Wordsworth benefit the readers?
A.They set off far less electrical activity in the brain. |
B.They light up the mind shorter than the initial electrical spark. |
C.They shift physical pathways in the young and the elderly. |
D.They draw readers’ attention and help make self-examination. |
A.To prove that classics are more useful than ordinary versions. |
B.To show self-help books act like rocket-boosters to the brain. |
C.To tell serious literature sets off far less electrical activity. |
D.To make known ordinary versions set off more electrical activity |
A.Self-help books are more valuable than classics. |
B.Serious literature lights up the mind shorter than ordinary versions. |
C.The right hemisphere of the brain is related to autobiographical memory. |
D.Literature has a beneficial effect only on the mind of the young. |
A.Ordinary Versions Create New Thoughts |
B.Modern Language Increases the Brain |
C.Classics Help lmprove the Brain Activity |
D.Self-help Books, Rocket-boosters |
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