题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
One such fish is the stout longtom(尖嘴魚 ). The group it belongs to carries a more appropriate name: the needlefish. All needlefish lack stomachs. Their ancestors had them, but later they were lost.
The stout longtom can reach 1.3 meters in length, and lives near the sea surface. Like all needlefish, it can jump out of the water to escape its enemies. Tropical(热带) fishermen are sometimes injured by needlefish. In 1977, a 10-year-old Hawaiian boy was killed when a needlefish jumped through his brain. The longtom eats smaller fish. Its teeth are not good at cutting fish into pieces, so it swallows fish whole.
Ryan Day from Australia and his colleagues wanted to know how the longtom digests its meaty meals without a stomach, so they ran some chemical tests about the fish.
Day’s results show that the longtom can consume food without the help of a stomach. It uses a special material called trypsin(胰岛素) that can break down proteins without acid — although the approach is less efficient than using a stomach.
Because it’s a meat-eating animal, the longtom gets a lot of protein in its food, so it can afford this slightly less efficient system for absorbing it. Two plant-eating fish that Day studies actually had higher levels of trypsin in their body, as their food was low in protein.
Day thinks that the longtom and its stomachless relatives might actually have arrived at an energy-saving solution. He says that although the stomach is critical to many kinds of animal, the organ is “a fairly expensive organ to run”. This perhaps explains why some animals have got rid of theirs.
小题1:What does the underlined phrase “get by” mean?
A.Live. | B.Fight. | C.Hunt. | D.Recover. |
A.catches smaller fish in the water |
B.can jump so high to escape its enemies |
C.digests the smaller fish in its body |
D.uses acid to break down the protein |
A.Acid | B.Trypsin. | C.The stomach. | D.Protein in its body. |
A.the longtom often waste energy |
B.the longtom can make acid easily |
C.the longtom’s high-protein food helps its unique way of consuming food. |
D.meat-eating fish have higher levels of trypsin in their bodies than plant-eating fish |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:B
解析
试题分析:文章大意:文章介绍了一种奇怪的鱼,竟然没有胃,并详细分析了原因。
小题1:A 词义题。根据第一段We can lose a kidney (肾)or a lung, an arm or two and still live perfectly well可知。
小题2:C 细节题。由第四段的wanted to know how the longtom digests its meaty meals without a stomach可知
小题3:B 细节题。根据第五段第二行that can break down proteins without acid — although the approach is less efficient than using a stomach可知。
小题4:B 推理题。由文章第六段Because it’s a meat-eating animal, the longtom gets a lot of protein in its food, so it can afford this slightly less efficient system for absorbing it. Two plant-eating fish that Day studies actually had higher levels of trypsin in their body, as their food was low in protein.可知。
核心考点
试题【There are some things humans can go without. We can lose a kidney (肾)or a lung, 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Guinness Book did not exist until 1951. Here is what happened. The managing director of Guinness Brewery was a curious man. He wanted answers to some questions about records. For example, he wanted to know what was the fastest flying game bird in Europe. But he was frustrated. There was no book to answer questions like this.
The director, Sir Hugh Beaver, contacted the McWhirter twins. They were brothers who owned a research agency. He asked them to put together a new reference book. It would include all kinds of unusual records. The brothers quickly accepted. The first edition of their book was published in 1955. Soon the Guinness Book of World Records was a best seller. It has sold more copies than any book except the Bible. A new edition is published every year.
Where do all the book"s records come from? They are a combination of things like natural wonders, sports records, and stunts(特技) (How many people would push an egg with their noses if they weren’t trying to get to the book?). But the editors try to keep things honest. All records must be verified by an investigator. Only then are they printed.
The Guinness Book is a big business. It is published in dozens of languages. There are TV shows and museums. It is proof of how interested people are in strange pieces of information.
小题1:The passage is mostly about _____.
A.the McWhirter twins |
B.the director Sir Hugh Beaver |
C.unusual records in the Guinness Book |
D.a history of the Guinness Book |
A.is a best seller |
B.is published only in English |
C.does not always check its records |
D.has a full-length movie based on it |
A.wanted to publish the book so that they set up a research agency |
B.owned so good a research agency that they liked to help others |
C.recognizes that Sir Hugh"s idea for a book was a good one |
D.wanted to know the answers to some questions about records |
A.questioned | B.proved the truth | C.written up | D.blocked |
Doctors say that body contact is a kind of medicine that can work wonders. When people are touched, the quantity of hemoglobin (血红蛋白)-a type of matter that produces the red color in blood increases greatly. This results in more oxygen reaching every part of the body and the whole body benefits. In experiments, bottle-fed baby monkeys were separated from their mothers for the first ten days of life. They became sad and negative. Studies showed the monkeys were more probable to become ill than other babies that were allowed to stay with their mothers.
Human babies react in much the same way. Some years ago, a scientist noticed that some well-fed babies in a clean nursery became weak. Yet babies in another nursery were growing healthily, even though they ate less well and were not kept as clean. The reason, he concluded, was that they often had touches from nurses.
Experiments show that most people like being touched. And nearly all doctors believe touch helps to reduce patients" fear of treatment. Of course there is time when a touch is not welcome. But even if we don"t like being touched, a smile can make us feel better. Smiling increases blood flow and starts the production of "happy brain" chemicals. So let"s have a big smile and don"t forget to keep in touch.
小题1:Which of the following is NOT true?
A.Everyone knows that body contact can make people happier. |
B.People may work harder because of body contact. |
C.Your fingertips can do something. |
D.People may not understand the importance of touching. |
A.human brains need oxygen and blood supply now and then |
B.touches from doctors and nurses have nothing to do with treatment |
C.new-born baby monkeys should stay away from their mothers |
D.not all the people like being touched |
A.to be useful or helpful |
B.to get something useful or helpful |
C.to be ill |
D.to be hurt |
A.Why People Touch | B.Smile and Touch |
C.Wonders of Touch | D.Touch or Not |
The Everglades, Florida: Perhaps no region of the country is as unprotected to climate change as Florida. Even a slight increase in temperature and water level could devastate popular destinations like the Everglades, Miami Beach and the Keys.
Australia’s Great Barrier Reef: One of the most impressive natural habitats in the world, the Great Barrier Reef could be killed by increased water temperatures and the resulting coral bleaching (漂白法). Australia is particularly easily damaged by global warming because of its large number of fragile (脆弱的) ecosystems, uncertain water sources and a large group of people gathering on the coast.
Dalian, China: Fast-growing China, shown here during a heat wave last year, is opening about one coal factory every day this year. Along with the U.S., China is one of the world"s leading contributors to the greenhouse gases , which can lead to the increase in the Earth"s temperature.
Venice, Italy: No stranger to flooding, Venice has invested $4.5 billion in a floodgate system that is due to open in 2012. But the frequent changing ocean levels have made people question the floodgates" ability to hold out the rising waters.
London, England: Designed to protect London from storms and extremely high tides, the Thames Barrier was opened in 1984. Some analysts fear that rising oceans will create conditions beyond the capabilities the barrier was designed to meet.
小题1:The word “devastate” in paragraph 2 means “_____________”.
A.protect | B.destroy | C.swallow | D.enlarge |
A.Fragile ecosystem |
B.Uncertain water sources. |
C.The large group of people. |
D.Increased water temperatures and the coral bleaching |
A.flooding is common in Venice |
B.everyone is familiar with flooding |
C.it is strange for Venice to experience flooding |
D.there is no flooding in Venice |
A.the dangerous destinations |
B.the most popular destinations |
C.the fascinating destinations |
D.the endangered destinations |
If you want to find out a piece of information about anything, the best place to search for it is Wikipedia. The name “Wikipedia” is from the Hawaiian word wiki, meaning “quick”. This online encyclopedia (百科全书) is written by thousands of people around the world. Anyone with Internet access can write, add or make changes to Wikipedia articles if he or she finds it incorrect or not well written. In this way, people who know a lot about a certain subject can write about it even if they are not university professors. But contributions cannot damage Wikipedia because many experienced editors are watching pages and techies (技术专家) can write editing programs to keep track of or correct bad edits. Where there are disagreements on how to present facts, editors work together to arrive at an article that fairly represents current expert opinion on the subject.
Wikipedia is quite different from paper-based reference sources in important ways. Unlike printed encyclopedias, it is continually created and updated, with articles on historic events appearing within minutes, rather than months or years.
What’s more, Wikipedia includes articles written in about 285 languages. This fact makes it one of the few websites on the Internet that are truly international. It was started in 2001 by Larry Sanger and Jimmy Wales, as a free online English-language encyclopedia project. Since its creation, it has grown rapidly into one of the largest reference websites, attracting nearly 500 million unique visitors monthly. There are more than 77,000 active contributors working on more than 22,000,000 articles in different languages. As of today, there are 4,396,866 articles in English.
So, if you are looking for some information, why not try Wikipedia? It’s free, multilingual,and informative.
小题1:According to the passage, what is Wikipedia?
A.A free website encyclopedia. | B.A computer game. |
C.A free encyclopedia in book form. | D.An online university. |
A.Wikipedia only charges users a small fee |
B.Wikipedia catches a wide audience |
C.incorrect editions might do great harm to Wikipedia |
D.it will take long to update the information on Wikipedia |
A.In a story book. | B.In a research report. |
C.In a science magazine. | D.In a travel brochure. |
Why should we teachers waste time on such tiring work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let’s end all this nonsense(荒谬的)of grades, exams and marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must someday learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.
We should, of course, offer help to them just as they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life is nonsense in a world as complicated(复杂的)and rapidly changing as ours. Don’t worry! If something is basic, they will go out into the world and learn it.
小题1:What is the main idea of the passage? (No more than 8 words.)
_____________________________________________________________________________
小题2:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
Teachers seem to think that a child can’t find out a mistake or correct it without their help.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
小题3:Please fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.
(No more than 10 words.)
_____________________________________________________________________________
小题4:According to the passage, what should a teacher do? (No more than 15 words.)
A teacher should ______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
小题5:What is the author’s attitude towards grades, exams and marks at school?
(No more than 5 words.)
The author thinks _____________________________________________________________
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