题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
It was calculated that when its population reach its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons – a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.
Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.
By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered(驱散)the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again.
In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in September 1, 1914.
小题1:In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons _______.
A.were the biggest bird in the world |
B.lived mainly in the south of America |
C.did great harm to the natural environment |
D.Were the largest population in the US |
A.escape | B.ruin | C.liberation | D.evolution |
A.To seek pleasure. | B.To save other birds. |
C.To make money. | D.To protect crops. |
A.It was ignored by the public. | B.It was declared too late. |
C.It was unfair. | D.It was strict. |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:B
解析
试题分析:本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了旅鸽逐渐消失的过程。在美国,18世纪和19世纪旅鸽的数量很大。人们认为旅鸽数量多,会永恒的供应,于是成千的人***害了旅鸽。19世纪末,美国人是为了需要木材而驱赶旅鸽。在1897年,到密歇根州通过禁止屠***旅鸽的法律时,在美国已经10年没有见过大的旅鸽群。最后一批旅鸽,于1914年,在辛辛那提动物园死去。
小题1:D. 考查细节理解。在18世纪和19世纪初期,旅鸽的数量怎么样?根据Passenger pigeons(旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks(群)so large that they darkened the sky for hours.可知在美国,18世纪和19世纪旅鸽的数量很大。故选D。
小题2:B. 考查词义猜测。划线单词undoing可能指的是旅鸽发生了什么情况?根据Where the birds were abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands.可知人们认为旅鸽数量多会永恒的供应,于是成千的人***害了旅鸽。因此判断此处undoing的意思是死亡,毁灭。故选B。
小题3:C. 考查细节理解。人们***死旅鸽的主要原因是什么?根据Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.可知商业猎人捕捉了大量的旅鸽,把他们卖到大城市的餐馆里,因此推测人们***死旅鸽的主要原因是为了赚钱。故选C。选项A的意思是寻开心。文中没有提到让人们高兴的内容,故不符合文章的意思。选项B,为了挽救其他鸟类。在文中没有提到其他鸟类,故不符合原文,故排除B项。选项D,为了保护庄稼。根据the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered(驱散)the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north,可知美国人是为了需要木材而驱赶旅鸽,而不是为了保护庄稼,故排除D项。
小题4:B.考查推理判断。关于密歇根州通过得法律我们可以推断出什么?根据In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.可知到密歇根州通过禁止屠***旅鸽的法律时,在美国已经10年没有见过大的旅鸽群,这可推断旅鸽数量已经很少了,因此这项法律通过得太晚了。故选B。
核心考点
试题【Passenger pigeons(旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable nu】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The cottages could be an example of the industry’ s odd love affair with “low technology,” a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanship (手艺) that exists long before the Internet era. Low technology is not virtual (虚拟的) —so, to take advantage of it, Internet companies have had to get creative. The rescued wood cottages, fitted by hand in the late eighteen-hundreds, are an obvious example, but Twitter’s designs lie on the extreme end. Other companies are using a broader interpretation (阐释) of low technology that focuses on nature.
Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with trees, so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural, park-like setting.” At Google’s office, an entire floor is carpeted in glass. Facebook’s second Menlo Park campus will have a rooftop park with a walking trail.
Olle Lundberg, the founder of Lundberg Design, has worked with many tech companies over the years. “We have lost the connection to the maker in our lives, and our tech engineers are the ones who feel impoverished (贫乏的) , because they’re surrounded by the digital world,” he says. “They’re looking for a way to regain their individual identity, and we’ve found that introducing real crafts is one way to do that.”
This craft based theory is rooted in history, William Morris, the English artist and writer, turned back to pre-industrial arts in the eighteen-sixties, just after the Industrial Revolution. The Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines. “Without creative human occupation, people became disconnected from life,” Morris said.
Research has shown that natural environments can restore(恢复) our mental capacities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe,” taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure.
These health benefits apply to the workplace as well. Rachel Kaplvin, a professor of environmental psychology, has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environment. Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office—even simple views of trees and flowers—felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying. If low-tech offices can potentially nourish the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages.
小题1:The writer mentions the two nineteenth-century cottages to show that ________.
A.Twitter is having a hard time |
B.old cottages are in need of protection |
C.early settlers once suffered from a dry climate in Montana |
D.Internet companies have rediscovered the benefits of low technology |
A.is related to nature | B.is out of date today |
C.consumes too much energy | D.exists in the virtual world |
A.have destroyed many pre-industrial arts |
B.have a tradition of valuing arts and crafts |
C.can become intelligent by learning history |
D.can regain their individual identity by using machines |
A.positive | B.defensive | C.cautious | D.doubtful |
A.Past Glories, Future Dreams |
B.The Virtual World, the Real Challenge |
C.High-tech Companies, Low-tech Offices |
D.The More Craftsmanship, the Less Creativity |
However, several types of animals can walk on water. One of the most interesting is the common basilisk Basilicus basilicus, a lizard(蜥蜴)native to Central and South America. It can run across water for a distance of several meters, avoiding getting wet by rapidly hitting the water’s surface with its feet. The lizard will take as many as 20 steps per second to keep moving forward. For humans to do this, we’ll need huge feet that we could bring up to our ears in order to create adequate “hitting.”
But fortunately there is an alternative: cornflour. By adding enough of this common thickening agent to water (and it does take a lot), you can create a “non-Newtonian” liquid that doesn’t behave like normal water. Now if the surface of the water is hit hard enough, particles(粒子)in the water group together for a moment to make the surface hard. Move quickly enough and put enough force into each step, and you really can walk across the surface of an adequately thick liquid of cornflour.
Fun though all this may sound, it’s still rather messy and better read about in theory than carried out in practice. If you must do it, then keep the water wings handy in case you start to sink --- and take a shower afterward!
小题1:Walking on water hasn’t become a reality mainly because humans _______.
A.are not interested in it |
B.have biological limitations |
C.have not invented proper tools |
D.are afraid to make an attempt |
A.It is light enough to walk on water. |
B.Its huge feet enable it to stay above water. |
C.It can run across water at a certain speed |
D.Its unique skin keeps it from getting wet in water |
A.To create a thick liquid. |
B.To turn the water into solid. |
C.To help the liquid behave normally. |
D.To enable the water to move rapidly. |
A.It is risky but beneficial. |
B.It is interesting and worth trying |
C.It is crazy and cannot become a reality |
D.It is impractical; though theoretically possible |
It’s undeniable that behavior comes from our inner dispositions(性情), but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bern, by observing our own behavior. We can be strangers to ourselves. If we knew our own minds, why should we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior? If our minds were an open book, we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes. Actually, we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are.
Moreover, we don’t just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character --- we infer characters that weren’t there before. Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize. Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didn’t. Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us. We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition.
Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make, people become what they do, though it may not be in compliance(符合)with their true desires. Therefore, we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonnegut’s advice: “We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful about what we pretend to be.”
小题1:According to the passage, personalities and attitudes are commonly believed to _______.
A.determine one’s behavior | B.reflect one’s taste |
C.influence one’s surroundings | D.result from one’s habits |
A.The return of a wallet can indicate one’s honesty. |
B.A kind person will offer his seat to the old. |
C.One recycles plastics to protect the environment. |
D.One buys latte out of love of coffee. |
A.We fail to realize our inner dispositions. |
B.We can be influenced by outside pressures. |
C.Our behavior is the result of our true desires. |
D.Our characters can shape our social relationships. |
A.Personalities and attitudes. | B.Preferences and habits. |
C.Behavior and personalities. | D.Attitudes and preferences. |
The Segway is perfect for short journeys. It’s an electric vehicle that consists of a platform between two wheels, with a pole that connects the platform to the handlebars. To ride it , you step up onto the platform, and control the Segway by moving your body. Lean forwards to go faster, and back-wards to slow down.
On older models, direction was controlled by a twist grip(扭转把手)on the left handlebar. This varies the speeds between the two motors, and a decrease in the speed of the left wheel would turn the Segway to the left . With newer models you simply lean to the left or right. Meanwhile, a gyroscope (陀螺仪)detects your movements and prevents the machine from falling over. The Segway has a maximum speed of 19 km per hour and a range of about 38 km. after that, you need to plug it and recharge the battery.
Segways are used for a variety of purposes. People with mobility problems can now enjoy walks in the country with their friends and family. Some golfers see them as an alternative to the golf cart . And dog owners now have an easier way to take the dog to the park. A few police forces use Segways, too. They allow officers to move quickly while maintaining contact with the public. They’re also becoming a common sight on airport . However, the most popular use is in tourism , particularly for city tours . Visit any major tourist city in summer, sit outside a cafe for a while and there’s a good chance you’ll see a group of tourists passing on Segways.
小题1:How do you turn to the left on a Segway of the new model?
A.Lean to the left | B.Adjust the twist grip |
C.Press the left bar | D.Control the gyroscope |
A.Less than 19 km | B.About 19 km |
C.About 38 km | D.Over 45 km |
A.families | B.golfers |
C.police | D.tourists |
A.Introduction→Ways of application→ structure→Principle of operation |
B.Introduction→ Principle of operation→Structure →Ways of application |
C.Introduction → Structure → Principle of operation →ways of application |
D.Structure→ Introduction→Principle of operation→Ways of application |
Application Form
Before an applicant can be invited to take part in an assessment, an application form should be returned to the Admissions Office, and the application fee of HK$1,000 cannot be returned. For overseas applicants wishing to pay in currencies other than HK dollars, the fee is US$145. Checks are also good for payment to “Chinese International School”.
The application should include:
※ Applicant’ academic report from the last school year.
※ A recent passport-sized photo (attached to the application form).
※ A copy of the applicant’s Hong Kong ID card or a passport showing a valid Hong Kong visa.
※ Only for applicants applying under a Corporate Nomination(提名) Right: A company letter confirming the nomination.
Please note that the application fee is non-refundable. Applicants who would like to re-apply for another academic year are asked to submit a new application and application fee.
Acceptance
Applicants will be informed of their acceptance status in writing by postal mail. Initial (最初的) offers for Reception will be sent out from late March once all assessments have been completed.
Some applicants who have been assessed may be held on a reserve list. Acceptances may also be made on a conditional basis among the applicants on the reserve list.
Applicants who have been assessed but who have not been admitted are welcome to reapply for the next academic year. Please note that such applicants will be asked to submit a new application and application fee.
Confirmation of Acceptance and Enrollment (录取)
Once an applicant has been admitted, the applicant family will be asked to confirm acceptance and hold the student’s place with immediate payment of the required fees for the Nomination Right (HK$ 500), plus the sum of HK$ 7,500 as the first tuition (学费) payment.
In addition, enrollment will not be considered complete until the following have been received, normally one month before the start of the new school year:
Physical examination results
Tuition (first month)
小题1: According to the passage, if the applicants reapply for an academic year, ______.
A.the application fee can be reduced to a half |
B.applicants on a reserve list needn’t be assessed |
C.the initial application form should be returned to the Admissions Office |
D.a new application and application fee are to be required |
A.Once applicants are refused, they can’t apply for it again. |
B.Applicants held on a reserve list will not be admitted. |
C.The applicants should show either a Hong Kong visa or a Hong Kong ID card. |
D.Applicants don’t have to get a company letter to confirm their application. |
A.By fax. | B.By e-mail. |
C.By regular mail | D.By telephone. |
A.HK$ 500 | B.HK$7, 500 |
C.HK$1, 000 | D.US$ 145 |
A.will be asked to submit a new application |
B.will receive physical Examination results |
C.will be asked to only pay the first month fee |
D.will be asked to confirm acceptance and pay the fees |
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