“The Lord of the Rings”, one of the best sellers in the new millennium（千年）, was made up of three parts——“The Fellowship of the Ring”, “Two Towers”, and “The Return of the King”. Millions upon millions of people have read it in over 25 different languages, but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative masterwork.
John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born in South Africa in 1892. His parents died when he was a child. Living in England with his aunt, Tolkien and his cousins made up play languages, a hobby that led to Tolkien’s becoming skilled in Welsh, Greek, Gothic, Old Norse and Anglo-Saxon.
After graduating from Oxford, Tolkien served in World War I. In 1917, while recovering from trench fever, he began composing the mythology for The Rings. As a professor of Anglo-Saxon in 1930s at Oxford, Tolkien was part of an informal discussion group called the Inklings, which included several writers. The group was soon listening to chapters of Tolkien’s imaginative work “The Hobbit”.
Hobbit was a name Tolkien created for a local people that could best be described as half-sized members of the English rural（乡村的）class. Hobbits live in hillside holes. One of them, Bilbo Baggins, looks for treasures with a group of dwarves（侏儒）. On the way, he meets the twisted, pitiful creature Gollum, from whom he sees a golden ring that makes the holder invisible.
One of Tolkien’s students persuaded her employer, publisher Allen & Unwin, to look at a draft（草稿）. The chairman of the firm, Stanley Unwin, thought that the best judge for a children’s book would be his ten-year-old son. The boy earned a shilling for reporting back that the adventure was exciting, and “The Hobbit” was published in 1937.
It sold so well that Unwin asked for a continuation. Over a dozen years later, in 1954, Tolkien produced “The Lord of the Rings”, a series of books so creative that they hold readers—new and old —after their publication.
小题1:What can we learn from the text?| A．“The Lord of the Rings” didn’t sell well in the last millennium. | | B．People know better about Tolkien himself than about his works. | | C．Tolkien was quite familiar with Old English. | | D．Tolkien knew very well about different kinds of local languages in Africa. |
小题2:What can we learn about “Hobbit” that Tolkien created in his works?| A．Hobbit was a race living in English downtown areas. | | B．Hobbit was a local people who were very tall and strong. | | C．Hobbit was a social group of people who lived in old castles. | | D．Hobbit was a group of people who were mostly dwarves. |
小题3:Which of the following helped most in making “The Hobbit” published?| A．One of Tolkien’s students. | B．Stanley Unwin’s son. | | C．Allen & Unwin. | D．Bilbo Baggins. |
小题4:What is mainly discussed in the text?| A．“The Lord of the Rings” and its writer. | | B．A completely new masterwork in the new millennium. | | C．A famous professor at Oxford University. | | D．The power of the magic ring. |
小题5:Which of the following shows the right order of Mr. J.R.R.Tolkien’s life experience?
a. He had his “The Hobbit” published.
b. He became a member of the Inklings.
c. He served in World WarⅠ
d. He became an undergraduate at Oxford.
e. His work “The Lord of the Rings” came to the world.
f. He moved to England to live with his aunt.| A．f-d-b-c-a-e | B．f-c-d-b-e-a | C．f-d-c-b-a-e | D．d-f-c-a-b-e |
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小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:A
小题5:C |
试题分析：本文主要介绍了《指环王》这部作品及其作者 Tolkien 的情况。包括他的经历和如何拍摄电影创造了一些语言，以及他的如何成功的。
小题1:推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句话Tolkien and his cousins made up play languages, a hobby that led to Tolkien’s becoming skilled in Welsh, Greek, Gothic, Old Norse and Anglo-Saxon.可知，他对古英语很熟悉，而不是精通非洲各地的语言，故选 C
小题2:细节理解题。由第四段第一句话可知，Hobbit 是 Tolkien 创造出来的一个名词，用来指比正常人矮一半的人，即侏儒dwarves。选D
小题3:推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，出版商 Stanley Unwin 让他的儿子看 The Hobbit 并评价。他的儿子看过后觉得很好，于是 Unwin 便出版了 The Hobbit。因此 B 项正确。
小题4:主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了《指环王》和它的作者。选A
小题5:排序题。通读全文可知顺序是：他搬到英国和阿姨住在一起，成为牛津大学的大学生，参加第一次世界大战，成为Inklings.的成员，a.出版了“The Hobbit” ，作品 “The Lord of the Rings” 问世，答案为 C |
核心考点
试题【“The Lord of the Rings”, one of the best sellers in the new millennium（千年）, was 】；主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
Half a year before graduation from college, my son began to seek a job. the financial crisis, fewer companies would like to new staff. My son targeted a company that was to hire only one person there were more than twenty people filling their resumes.
After the interview, there would only be 3 who could enter the final round, which would later one person to be employed. Everything seemed to go quite and my son passed the first round and entered the final round in a week.
On the day of the final interview, my son and other two arrived at the interview place on time, the test. Unexpectedly, the interview was unbelievably . The interviewer only said to them, “All of you are very super. Please go home and wait for our . We will tell you the in 3 days. Good luck to all of you!” On the morning of the third day, my son received a text from the company shortly after breakfast that he was not employed. We all felt very .
In nightfall that day, my son suddenly told me on the phone, “Dad, I have been employed!” Greatly surprised, I could not wait to ask him, “What’s the whole ?” My son told me that he received another text saying that he was employed. Actually the first text sent to my son was also of the test in the interview. Three men received the same text this morning and only my son’s was “Thank you” while the others said “Goodbye”.
Only then did I know that my son’s “hope” in that way. That is, when you feel disappointed, do not to say “thank you” to the one who disappoints you. Saying “thank you” shows respect for others’ work and shows your grand . Therefore, while under the same condition, you will get the upper hand in terms of compared with others!
| 小题1: | | A．As to | B．Due to | C． Owe to | D． Contrary to |
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| 小题2: | | A．promote | B．train | C． employ | D． discover |
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| 小题3: | | A．encouraged | B．allowed | C． supposed | D． intended |
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| 小题4: | | A．while | B．since | C． though | D． if |
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| 小题5: | | A．meet | B．attract | C． decide | D． represent |
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| 小题6: | | A．slowly | B．smoothly | C． secretly | D． silently |
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| 小题7: | | A．members | B．students | C． friends | D． candidates |
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| 小题8: | | A．waiting for | B．watching over | C． thinking about | D． looking into |
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| 小题9: | | A．formal | B．simple | C． funny | D． strange |
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| 小题10: | | A．information | B．notice | C． order | D． return |
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| 小题11: | | A．result | B．choice | C． mark | D． idea |
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| 小题12: | | A．satisfied | B．puzzled | C． disappointed | D． shocked |
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| 小题13: | | A．doubtfully | B．excitedly | C． calmly | D． worriedly |
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| 小题14: | | A．matter | B．cause | C． conclusion | D． interview |
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| 小题15: | | A．middle | B．ending | C． part | D． course |
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| 小题16: | | A．respond | B．reply | C． problem | D． question |
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| 小题17: | | A．changed | B．grew | C． came | D． developed |
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| 小题18: | | A．expect | B．forget | C． dislike | D． regret |
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| 小题19: | | A．generosity | B．curiosity | C． dignity | D． personality |
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| 小题20: | | A．abilities | B．strengths | C． challenges | D． opportunities |
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Early this morning, I got up to make cookies for my neighbor. But actually she hardly greeted me when we saw each other.
Last Monday, she called the firefighters when my house began to fog up while I was out. Luckily, nothing serious had happened. When I thanked her and apologized for causing the trouble, she just asked if my cats were all right and stepped into her house. I felt strangely safe, knowing that even though we don’t get along, she’d done the right thing. So, the yummy cookies.
Last winter, my neighbor carelessly let it out that she was holding a grudge towards me because of an incident we’d had four years ago. I had particularly apologized and asked if there was anything I could do to improve our relationship. She would not accept my apology.
It had taken me a lot of courage to apologize and ask that question. Her refusal to make amends (补偿) really saddened me. After that, I decided I’d just leave her be. So I was really scared she was going to refuse my offer again. I know some people have a hard time understanding how the possibility of rejection can make an adult so afraid, but that’s just the way I felt.
Then, I reminded myself of how good I had felt yesterday when I’d done some acts of kindness after telling myself: Feel the fear, and do it anyway! So I put the cookies on a beautiful plate, opened my apartment door—and there she was, standing in the hallway. But when she saw me, she went back inside. I went after her and quickly said, “I’m sorry, I’ve got something for you! I just wanted to tell you how grateful I am that you were paying attention on Monday.” When she heard me speaking, she turned around. As I held the plate towards her, her eyebrows winged up and she took the plate. I was so happy and excited.
Back in my place, I did a “happy dance”, because I had dared to be kind even though I hadn’t been sure my kindness would be welcome. I do hope that our relationship will slowly get better. I know I was and still am biased (存有偏见) towards her at times, but even if we don’t make amends, I want to be able to be kind without depending on other people’s behaviors and reactions.
小题1:The neighbor hardly greeted the writer most probably because ______. | A．the writer’s cats disturb her neighbor frequently | | B．the writer didn’t thank her for calling the firefighters | | C．the writer never apologized to her for her misbehaviors | | D．the writer had an unpleasant experience with the neighbor long ago |
小题2:The underlined word “grudge” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ______.| A．appreciation | B．gratitude | C．dislike | D．envy |
小题3:From Paragraph 4, we can learn that the writer ______.| A．was afraid of being rejected again by her neighbor | | B．didn’t know how to get along with her neighbor | | C．didn’t admit it was her fault in the last incident | | D．refused to forgive her neighbor’s rude behavior |
小题4:What does the author try to tell us?| A．Don’t punish yourself because of others’ mistakes. | | B．We should be kind to others, regardless of their behavior. | | C．We must keep a good relationship with our neighbors. | | D．When we make a mistake, we should have the courage to admit it. |
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For a lang time,a boy wonder why his next-desk-pal was always the first in the class , whereas he could only rank the 21st.
At home,he asked his mom：“Am I more stupid than other kids? How can I alwasys fall behind? I just can’t come with an answer.”Mom was aware that her son’s selfrespect had been damaged by the ranking system,but she didn’t know what to say to help.
She tended to say that intelligence differs and that yes,her son’s friend really was the smarter boy.But that would so upset her son .Thank goodness she resisted the temption (诱惑)to say it .
Her son and his friend went on to high school that year,but despite trying as hard as he could,her son’s friend still outdid him.But she was proud of her boy for his hard work, sincerely proud,It was aroud this time that she decided to take him on a trip to the seaside,On the trip,she at last found an answer for him.
Today her son no longer care about rankings.He doesn’t have to,for he himself is now the top of the class at the national unversity he attands,After university his Teachers and peers fully expect him to have promising career.
Invited to speak to his old high school, he mentioned a valuable childhood experience. It concerned that holiday his mother had prepared for them: “Once, on a trip to the sea, my mother and I were lying on the beach. She pointed to the sea and said to me: Do you see the seabirds fighting for food out there? When a wave comes near, the little birds rise quickly. The clumsy(笨拙的)seagulls are far slower and have to struggle to get away from the wave. But these clumsy birds prove to have the biggest, strongest wings, which allow the bird to travel the furthest. When the season changes, they leave for foreign shores, leaving the little birds behind. Son, I have a feeling that you are one of those seagulls.”
小题1:The story convey the message that.________.| A．competion between students is good for society | | B．only rankings show intelligence of a child | | C．chilren take competion among them to heart | | D．parents should build up chilren’s self-respect |
小题2:Form the 2nd paragraph,we can see that the mother | A．decided to help with her son’s homework | | B．saw the negative effects of the ranking system | | C．knew her son was weak in his study | | D．felt sorry for her son’s bad behavior |
小题3:We can infer from the passage that | A．the mother was cafeful to protect her son’s self-respect | | B．the mother was not strong enough to face the truth | | C．the son knew intelligence didn’t mean anything | | D．the son would forget his rankings soon after leaving high school |
小题4: Which of the following has the similar meaning with the underlined word “outdid”?
A.was equal to B..laughed at C did better than D.worked harder than |
Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States, was a good and tireless writer, and he wrote The Declaration of Independence. There is much we can learn from him. Here are some of the things he said and wrote:
Go and see. Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books, and personal investigation is important as well.
Judge for yourself. Jefferson refused to accept other people’s opinions without careful thought. “Neither believe nor reject anything，” he wrote to his nephew.
Learn from everyone. Jefferson once visited the French nobleman, Lafayette, and said to him, “You must go into the people’s home as I have done ，look into their cooking pots and eat their bread. If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied. ”
Do what you believe is right. In a free country, there will always be conflicting ideas， and this is a source of strength. It is not unquestioning agreement but conflict that keeps freedom alive. Though Jefferson was for many years the object of strong criticism, he never answered his critics. He expressed his philosophy, “There are two sides to every question. If you take one side with decision and act on it with effect, those who take the other side will of course resent(憎恶）your actions. ”
Trust the future and trust the young. Jefferson felt that the present should never be chained to customs which have lost their usefulness. “The earth belongs to the living generation. ” He didn’t fear new ideas, nor did he fear the future. “How much pain has been caused by evils which have never happened?” he remarked，“I expect the best, not the worst. ”
小题1:The author mentioned Jefferson’s visit to Lafayette to show______.| A．Jefferson was dissatisfied with Lafayette | | B．Jefferson had a close relationship with his people | | C．Jefferson was a great American president | | D．Jefferson valued the importance of learning from others |
小题2:Jefferson was determined never to answer his critics because______.| A．he believed silence was a source of strength | | B．he thought it useless to defend obviously correct ideas | | C．he believed in conflict rather than in unquestioning agreement | | D．he knew the more he said ,the more people would resent him |
小题3:What would be the best title of the passage?| A．Jefferson’s Great Works | B．Jefferson’s Philosophy | | C．Jefferson’s Teaching | D．Jefferson"s Life Story |
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When I was about 6 years old I lived in Kenya. There was a lot of and there were always street children on the roads asking for money. There was such a big divide between those children and me and I grew up very aware of being so .
We had a wonderful and very kind driver, John, who had been working with my for decades. He used to take us to and from school. One day while we were stopped in traffic a young street child, probably no more than 10 years old, with a friendly greeting, “Hi, John!”
He the car and shook John’s hand,. John then gave him a little bit of money and waved him off with a smile before we carried on our way to school.
I had watched the whole incident completely . John had a large family himself and had to work very hard to make ends .I knew that he didn’t have any spare money. So, of course, at that age I couldn’t understand why he would be giving money to the child.
“Who was that?” I asked. “My friend,” he replied. “I see him every morning on my way to work and I give him a little bit of money.” Unable to comprehend, I asked, “Why do you have to give him money every morning?” John replied, “So he can use it to buy some food.”
It was probably at that that I understood what kindness really was. A person who was in a difficult situation himself still found some money to for a child who needed it. Even at the age of 6 that had such a great impact on me. I didn’t have any money, but I wanted to too. So when my grandfather gave us a chocolate bar after dinner every Friday, I would mine up so I could give it to John to give to his friend.
| 小题1: | | A．kindness | B．violence | C．poverty | D．excitement |
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| 小题2: | | A．fortunate | B．intelligent | C．guilty | D．unfair |
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| 小题3: | | A．college | B．company | C．family | D．team |
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| 小题4: | | A．passed by | B．got in | C．got back | D．called out |
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| 小题5: | | A．stopped | B．approached | C．examined | D．followed |
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| 小题6: | | A．annoyed | B．surprised | C．satisfied | D．touched |
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| 小题7: | | A．meet | B．leave | C．move | D．turn |
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| 小题8: | | A．Even | B．Merely | C．Yet | D．Still |
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| 小题9: | | A．sight | B．degree | C．spot | D．moment |
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| 小题10: | | A．spare | B．spend | C．supply | D．raise |
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| 小题11: | | A．belong | B．contribute | C．change | D．interfere |
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| 小题12: | | A．keep | B．divide | C．save | D．add |
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