WHEN John Gurdon was 15, he ranked last out of the 250 boys in his grade at biology. He also came in last for every other science subject. His teacher wrote in a : “I believe he has ideas about becoming a ; on his present showing this is quite foolish.”
Luckily, the teacher’s words didn’t Gurdon’s love for science. He kept working hard. He went to lab earlier and left than anyone else.
On Oct 8, 2012, 64 years later, the British professor the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Japanese scientist Shinya Yamanaka had contributed to the research and therefore the award.
Gurdon got the honor his research into cells and cloning. When he was studying at Oxford, he did some on cells. He took a cell from an adult frog, moved its , and put them into an egg cell. The egg cell then into a clone of the adult frog. His research for the first time that every cell in the body contains the same genes.
At that time, many people accept Gurdon’s idea. But later it helped to Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first cloned mammal in history. It also led to important findings in the use of cells. For example, from someone’s skin can turn into any type of tissue in the body. This is good news for those who have diseased or damaged tissue.
Gurdon always remembers the he had when he was 15. He even put the report on his desk as a daily to himself.
“When you have , like an experiment doesn’t work, it’s nice to remind yourself that perhaps you are not so good at your job and the teacher may be ,” he said.
However, the facts suggest Gurdon is pretty good indeed.
| 小题1: | | A．report | B．letter | C．passage | D．program |
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| 小题2: | | A．musician | B．scientist | C．manager | D．millionaire |
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| 小题3: | | A．stop | B．mean | C．inspire | D．reflect |
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| 小题4: | | A．sooner | B．later | C．more hurriedly | D．more happily |
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| 小题5: | | A．won | B．founded | C．dreamed of | D．applied for |
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| 小题6: | | A．accepted | B．refused | C．collected | D．shared |
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| 小题7: | | A．instead of | B．in spite of | C．because of | D．in place of |
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| 小题8: | | A．reading | B．writing | C．change | D．research |
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| 小题9: | | A．baby | B．power | C．genes | D．features |
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| 小题10: | | A．cut | B．grew | C．went | D．formed |
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| 小题11: | | A．predicted | B．studied | C．proved | D．provided |
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| 小题12: | | A．couldn’t | B．shouldn’t | C．mustn’t | D．needn’t |
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| 小题13: | | A．save | B．drive | C．feed | D．create |
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| 小题14: | | A．everyday | B．medical | C．physical | D．illegal |
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| 小题15: | | A．cells | B．hairs | C．water | D．blood |
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| 小题16: | | A．fools | B．scientists | C．patients | D．doctors |
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| 小题17: | | A．friend | B．teacher | C．classmate | D．neighbor |
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| 小题18: | | A．rule | B．paper | C．reminder | D．reward |
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| 小题19: | | A．prizes | B．diseases | C．meals | D．problems |
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| 小题20: | | A．right | B．wrong | C．happy | D．welcome |
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小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:A
小题6:D
小题7:C
小题8:D
小题9:C
小题10:B
小题11:C
小题12:A
小题13:D
小题14:B
小题15:A
小题16:C
小题17:B
小题18:C
小题19:D
小题20:A |
试题分析：英国诺贝尔奖获得者Gurdon曾是全年级最差学生，并被老师认定是愚蠢的学生，但是Gurdon通过自己的不懈努力证明自己，在研究细胞和克隆方面取得很大成就，获得诺贝尔医学奖。
小题1:考查名词：A. report报告，B. letter信，C. passage段落，D. program节目，从后面的句子：“I believe he has ideas about becoming a 17 ; on his present showing this is quite foolish.”可知这是老师在报告里面写的内容，选A
小题2:考查名词：A. musician音乐家，B. scientist科学家，C. manager经理，D. millionaire百万富翁，从前面的句子：He also came in last for every other science subject.可知老师认为他有成为科学家的想法，但是现在看这是很愚蠢的，选B
小题3:考查动词：A. stop停止，B. mean意味着，打算，C. inspire激励，D. reflect反应，老师的话没有阻止他对科学的爱，选A
小题4:考查形容词：A. sooner更快，B. later更迟，C. more hurriedly更匆忙，D. more happily更高兴，他去实验室比别人早走的比别人迟，选B
小题5:考查动词：A. won赢得，B. founded成立，C. dreamed of梦想，D. applied for申请，这个英国教授获得诺贝尔物理或医学奖，选A
小题6:考查动词：A. accepted接受，B. refused拒绝，C. collected收集，D. shared分享，从前面的句子：Japanese scientist Shinya Yamanaka had contributed to the research可知两个人分享了这个奖，选D
小题7:考查词组：A. instead of代替，B. in spite of而不是，C. because of因为，D. in place of代替，Gurdon获得这个荣誉是因为他对细胞和克隆的贡献，选C
小题8:考查动词：A. reading阅读，B. writing写，C. change改变，D. research研究，在牛津大学的时候，他对细胞有一些研究，选D
小题9:考查名词：A. baby婴儿，B. power权力，C. genes基因，D. features特征，他取出成年青蛙的细胞，改变它的基因，放进鸡蛋细胞里面，选C
小题10:考查动词：.A. cut切割，B. grew生长，C. went去，D. formed形成，鸡蛋细胞然后长成成年青蛙的复制品，选B
小题11:考查动词：.A. predicted预测，B. studied学习，C. proved证明，D. provided提供，他的研究第一次证明身体的每一个细胞都有同样的基因，选C
小题12:考查情态动词：A. couldn’t不能，B. shouldn’t不该，C. mustn’t禁止，D. needn’t不必，当时很多人不能接受Gurdon的想法，选A
小题13:. 考查动词：A. save拯救，B. drive开车，C. feed喂食，D. create创造，但是后来它有助于第一个克隆羊Dolly的诞生，选D
小题14:考查形容词：.A. everyday每天的，B. medical医学的，C. physical身体的，物理的，D. illegal违法的，它也导致了细胞的医学方面的使用的重要发现，选B
小题15:考查名词：A. cells细胞，B. hairs头发，C. water水，D. blood血液，比如人皮肤里面的细胞可以变成身体任何一个器官，选A
小题16:考查名词：.A. fools笨蛋，B. scientists科学家，C. patients病人，D. doctors医生，这对那些有患病器官或受损器官的病人来说是好消息。选C
小题17:考查名词：A. friend朋友，B. teacher老师，C. classmate同学，D. neighbor邻居，从前面的句子：His teacher wrote in a 16 :可知他一直记得老师在他15岁的时候给他写的内容，选B
小题18:考查名词：A. rule规定，B. paper纸，C. reminder提醒物，D. reward回报，奖赏，他甚至把报告放在桌子上每天提醒他，选C
小题19:考查名词：.A. prizes奖品，B. diseases疾病，C. meals三餐，D. problems问题，从后面的句子：like an experiment doesn’t work,可知是当你有问题的时候，选D
小题20:考查形容词：.A. right正确的，B. wrong错误的，C. happy快乐的，D. welcome受欢迎的，从前面的句子：perhaps you are not so good at your job可知老师这样说可能是对的，选A |
核心考点
试题【WHEN John Gurdon was 15, he ranked last out of the 250 boys in his grade at biol】；主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
When two Bangs meet
SHELDON Cooper is a scientific genius on the popular American TV show, The Big Bang Theory (《生活大爆炸》). He finally met his match last year: Stephen Hawking.
This is not the first time that the scientist has appeared on TV. He has also been on Star Trek (in 1987) and The Simpsons (in 1989). Each time, he played himself.
Hawking, 71, is perhaps the world’s most famous scientist after Albert Einstein. He has spent his whole life studying the beginning and the end of the universe, including the Big Bang (宇宙大爆炸) theory.
The Big Bang theory explains the early development of the universe. According to the theory, about 13.7 billion years ago everything was all squeezed together in a tiny, tight little ball, and then the ball exploded. The results of that explosion are what we call the universe.
Hawking has always tried to make science more popular with people. His book: A Brief History of Time was published in 1988. In the book he shares his understanding of the universe in simple language. The book tries to explain many subjects about the universe to common readers, including the Big Bang, black holes and light cones (光锥).
Hawking’s achievements are even greater if you think about his disability. When he was 21, Hawking caught a bad illness that slowly stopped him from moving or talking. Now he sits on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate, he moves two fingers to control the computer’s mouse. He chooses his words from the screen, which are then spoken by a voice synthesizer (合成器).
Hawking also believes that there might be aliens in space. However, he believes they are probably very dangerous, so we should not look for them. “I imagine they might exist in very big ships ... having used up all the resources from their home planet,” Hawking said in a British documentary named Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking.
小题1:What does the “two Bangs” in the title refer to?| A．The director of “The Big Bang Theory” and the founder of it. | | B．The director and the actor of “The Big Bang Theory”. | | C．The founder of the “Big Bang” theory and its spreader. | | D．The scientific genius on TV show and the one alive in real life. |
小题2:Acting in The Big Bang Theory is Hawking’s _____ time on TV.| A．first | B．second | C．third | D．fourth |
小题3:According to Paragraph 5, Hawking wrote the book A Brief History of Time especially for _____.| A．scientists who study the universe | | B．people who know a lot about the universe | | C．people who know little about the universe | | D．people who only know simple language |
小题4:The Big Bang theory mainly explains _____.| A．how the universe started | B．what the universe is like | | C．how old the universe is | D．how the universe exploded |
小题5:According to the passage, which of the following about Hawking is TRUE?| A．He was born with a disability. | | B．He uses a computer to communicate. | | C．He believes aliens are our friends. | | D．He encourages people to look for aliens. |
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I grew up in a small town and the main entertainment was Friday night high school football. It was just a sleepy little town where parents wanted to raise their children away from crime and of a big city, and where teenagers like me leaving to find something bigger and better.
All that changed one summer night. My friend Lisa, Martin and Tyler held a party for my eighteenth birthday at Lisa’s house. they kept handing alcohol to me I was pretty . I asked Tyler to take me home. With some , we made it out to his car and drove home. News came next morning. My friend Martin was in a car accident. That night after Tyler and I left, Martin, who was more drunk than me, got into his car and towards the highway to go home. Driving on the wrong side of the road, he never saw the truck coming. The driver didn’t see him to avoid the car. They hit head on. Martin died immediately, and the driver was thrown the truck windshield（挡风玻璃）and died a week later.
Whenever I back on that day, I can’t help thinking that it was my to drink so much that night. things would be different. I know Martin the choice to drink and drive that night, but a part of me will always feel for what happened.
I may not change the world with my story, but I do hope that by my story I can make you that you not only have a responsibility for yourself but also for others. Don’t ever think that your choices are yours . Every choice is like a stone dropped into water—each ripple (涟漪) represents someone who your choice . That’s quite an influence, isn’t it?
| 小题1: | | A．death | B．fashion | C．danger | D．challenge |
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| 小题2: | | A．succeeded in | B．dreamed of | C．applied for | D．agreed to |
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| 小题3: | | A．As | B．While | C．When | D．Although |
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| 小题4: | | A．lost | B．drunk | C．frozen | D．sleepy |
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| 小题5: | | A．fun | B．difficulty | C．hope | D．method |
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| 小题6: | | A．died | B．injured | C．killed | D．hurt |
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| 小题7: | | A．constantly | B．frequently | C．clearly | D．equally |
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| 小题8: | | A．headed | B．walked | C．pushed | D．fled |
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| 小题9: | | A．in trouble | B．in time | C．in danger | D．in place |
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| 小题10: | | A．above | B．below | C．into | D．through |
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| 小题11: | | A．turn | B．hold | C．look | D．get |
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| 小题12: | | A．desire | B．fault | C．right | D．chance |
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| 小题13: | | A．Thus | B．Nevertheless | C．Otherwise | D．Therefore |
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| 小题14: | | A．faced | B．avoided | C．regretted | D．made |
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| 小题15: | | A．responsible | B．disappointed | C．sensitive | D．embarrassed |
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| 小题16: | | A．remembering | B．sharing | C．declaring | D．stopping |
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| 小题17: | | A．explain | B．escape | C．limit | D．realize |
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| 小题18: | | A．alone | B．finally | C．merely | D．perhaps |
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| 小题19: | | A．clean | B．deep | C．still | D．fresh |
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| 小题20: | | A．affects | B．inspires | C．attracts | D．benefits |
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Two traveling angels stopped to spend the night in the home of a wealthy family. The family was rude and refused to let the angels stay in the guest room. Instead the angels were given a space in the cold basement. As they made their bed on the hard floor, the older angel saw a hole in the wall and repaired it. When the younger angel asked why, the older angel replied: Things aren’t always what they seem.
The next night the pair came to rest at the house of a very poor, but very hospitable(好客的)farmer and his wife. After sharing what little food they had，the couple let the angels sleep in their bed where they could have a good night’s rest. When the sun came up the next morning，the angels found the farmer and his wife in tears. Their only cow, whose milk had been their only income, lay dead in the field.
The younger angel was very angry and asked the older angel, “How could this happen?” “Why did you not watch out for the cow? The first man had everything, yet you watched over his house,” she accused. “The second family had little but was willing to share everything, and you did not help.”
“Things aren’t always what they seem,” the older angel replied. “When we stayed in the basement，I noticed there was gold stored in that hole in the wall. Since the owner was so greedy and unwilling to share his good fortune，I asked God if I could seal(封口) the wall so he wouldn’t find it. Then last night as we slept in the farmer’s bed，the angel of death(死神) came for his wife. I asked God if the angel could take the cow instead. Things aren’t always what they seem.”
小题1:The underlined part “the pair” in the second paragraph two refers to .| A．the poor couple | B．the rich couple | C．the angels | D．the guests |
小题2:The younger angel was very angry because .| A．the older angel killed the farmer’s cow | | B．the older angel treated the two families unfairly | | C．the wealthy man gave them a bad place to live | | D．the angel of death took the cow away |
小题3:Why did the older angel let the farmer’s cow die?| A．Because God wanted the older angel to take the cow. | | B．Because she wanted to teach the younger angel a lesson. | | C．Because she was sympathetic to the rich. | | D．Because she wanted to save the farmer’s wife. |
小题4:The story tries to tell the reader that .| A．sometimes things are not what they seem | | B．angels are always ready to help the poor | | C．angels are always ready to help the rich | | D．the young should always learn from the old |
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The sun was just coming up when I headed out to work last May at 6 a.m. Not quite dark but dark enough to need my headlights. I turned onto one of the lonely rural country roads.
Maybe it was because I was listening to the radio, maybe it was because I was already thinking about some projects at work, that I didn’t spot the dark object on the road until I was too late. I ran over it and felt the back left tire pull, and then sink. I stopped and got out of the car.
No mystery here---- my back left tyre was cut like a loaf of bread. Back 50 yards was a piece of sharp iron I had run over. I had never changed a tyre. I looked up the road. Not a car in either direction. The nearest service station was miles away. I threw up my hands. Then I remembered---- my cell phone! I powered it up before realizing, I didn’t know who to call.
Wouldn’t you know it, I spotted a car coming from the opposite direction. The driver slowed as he approached. I guessed he could see I was in trouble. He stopped his car, got out and immediately saw the trouble. “Madam, would you like me to change that tyre for you?” he asked. The man couldn’t have been more friendly. I was frightened out there and he put me completely at ease. “There,” he said, after putting on the spare, “you are all set to go.”
“Good thing for me that you were driving this way,” I told him, as I climbed back into my car.
“Funny you should say that,” he said. “Just like you, I was heading to work, but my job is in the opposite direction. I made a wrong turn at some point. I don’t know what I was thinking.”
小题1:The writer didn’t notice the object on the road because ______. | A．it was rather dark then | B．she didn’t use her headlights | | C．there was much traffic | D．she was careless when driving |
小题2:From Paragraph 4 we learn that______. | A．the writer felt quite anxious | | B．no one would like to help the writer | | C．the writer was a new driver | | D．the cell phone should be powered up |
小题3:What did the man do when he saw the writer?| A．He stopped and laughed at her. | | B．He walked over to frighten her. | | C．He helped her without hesitation. | | D．He drove away in the opposite direction. |
小题4:The end of the story tells us that the man ______. | A．went a wrong way | B．felt the writer funny | | C．didn’t know what he was doing | D．come specially to help the writer |
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I’m an operating engineer, running crane(起重机) in New York City. I was in the countryside, playing golf when we got the call that a plane had the World Trade Centre. We checked out of the hotel immediately and started our way downtown. When I got home, I called the rescue center and they told me to come and get on the list.
The next morning I went down to the at about 5 A. M., and four hours later I the call to come down to West Street. I called my wife and told her not to me, and that I would stay in with her. I took the subway. It stopped at West Fourth Street, so I had to the rest of the way.
And somewhere in there I became when I went into something I . I once worked there in 1966 for the of the World Trade Centre. On halfway on September 12, I was frightened to see the World Trade Centre was a huge pile, maybe ten tall. And it was burning. I started to ask in which my crane might be a whistle blew suddenly warning us of some danger. I saw people running away and I really didn’t know what to do. So I did the same, too. It was as if they had the bulls go in Spain and we were running through the street. People falling down, people them up as they came by, and carrying them, just to get them out of the way, because something was extremely . I didn’t even look back. We stopped running when we got to the Battery Tunnel, and I caught my and said, “Oh, my God, I’m going to die.”
Then I a little bit, thinking about what we should do next. As we started again we knocked into a fire chief officer and we asked, “What can we do to help you?”
| 小题1: | | A．noticed | B．reached | C．hit | D．passed |
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| 小题2: | | A．finding | B．making | C．getting | D．losing |
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| 小题4: | | A．volunteer | B．soldier | C．police | D．fireman |
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| 小题5: | | A．company | B．hotel | C．center | D．home |
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| 小题6: | | A．answered | B．made | C．heard | D．received |
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| 小题7: | | A．be curious about | B．forget about | C．laugh at | D．worry about |
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| 小题8: | | A．peace | B．touch | C．connection | D．relation |
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| 小题9: | | A．walk | B．complete | C．cancel | D．smooth |
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| 小题10: | | A．delighted | B．frightened | C．embarrassed | D．interested |
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| 小题11: | | A．built | B．met | C．designed | D．had |
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| 小题12: | | A．construction | B．plan | C．destruction | D．use |
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| 小题13: | | A．miles | B．centimeters | C．stories | D．floors |
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| 小题14: | | A．means | B．numbers | C．position | D．directions |
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| 小题16: | | A．driven | B．let | C．asked | D．enjoyed |
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| 小题17: | | A．pushing | B．giving | C．looking | D．picking |
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| 小题18: | | A．dangerous | B．urgent | C．efficient | D．important |
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| 小题19: | | A．view | B．sight | C．breath | D．sense |
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| 小题20: | | A．put down | B．settled down | C．knocked down | D．let down |
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