题目

题型：不详难度：来源：

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Since the earliest civilizations, people have controlled rivers to meet society"s demands. Today, rivers are controlled for many reasons, primarily to maintain reliable water supplies for daily, agricultural and industrial needs, for power generation, for navigation (航行), and to prevent flooding.
River control is achieved by channelization, a term that covers a range of river engineering works, including widening, deepening, straightening and stabilization of banks, and by the construction of dams.
An important period of channelization took place in Europe during the l9"th century, when many large rivers were straightened and their beds deepened. One of the most dramatically changed was the Tisza River, a branch of the Danube that flows through Hungary. The controlling of the Tisza, designed to reduce flooding and make land for agriculture, included cutting off more than 100 meanders (河曲), shortening the river"s length by nearly 400 kilometers.
One of the most common ways in which people control rivers is by damming them. The past 50 years or so has seen an increase in dam construction worldwide, and at the beginning of the 21^st century, there were about 800,000 dams globally, some towering more than 200 meters in height.
Despite their successes, many dams also cause significant environmental changes that prove harmful. Some particularly deep reservoirs (水库) can bring about earthquakes due to the stress on their bottom rocks caused by huge volumes of water. Downstream of a reservoir, the river is certainly influenced in many ways: water volume, speed and quality are all affected, leading to changes in the landscape and among plants and animals.

答案

小题1:River Control
小题2:Reasons
小题3:supply
小题4:agriculture
小题5:flooding
小题6:deepening
小题7:stabilizing
小题8:shortening
小题9:dam construction
小题10:the environment

解析

文章是一篇说明文，讲述人类对河流资源的利用，从利用原因和利用方式上分别介绍，结构清晰。
小题1:全文标题，根据首段（people have controlled river, rivers are controlled）和各段首(river control is, people control rivers…)得出全文都在讨论利用河流资源，答案注意要改成名词形式River Control.
小题2:根据本空后面的方框提到的信息定位到第一段第二行Today, rivers are controlled by many reasons, … 答案为概括这些细节的名词，即Reasons（注意复数形式）
小题3:根据本空下面的细节定位到第二段第三行for daily, agricultural and…答案为前一行的supply（注意改为原形-空格前有不定式to）
小题4:根据73题定位得出答案agriculture（注意改为名词-与daily life和industry 并列）
小题5:根据第一段最后部分and to prevent flooding得出答案flooding（prevent与stop… from同义替换）
小题6:根据方框中channelization定位到第二段，根据空格前后的widening和straightening确定答案为deepening
小题7:根据76题定位，确定答案为stabilizing（注意形式也要与上一条并列被stabilization改为动名词）
小题8:根据400 km定位到第三段最后一句，得出答案shortening
小题9:根据 800,000定位到第四段第二句，本题的答案应该是方框后面两条具体信息的概括表达，所以找到本句前半部分的the past 50 years or so has been an increase in dam construction worldwide,下面即是具体描述，所以答案为dam construction
小题10:根据harmful changes定位到对后一段第一句cause significant environmental changes that prove harmful得出答案为the environment(注意把environmental给为名词，同时注意添加冠词the)