题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Ann Makosinski was the only Canadian among the four winners at Google"s international science competition. Thousands of young scientists from around the world took part in the competition.
Winning the science and technology competition was "a surprise". Ann said, "I think it will have a great influence on my future."
Ann thanked her family for encouraging her interest in science and said that her first toy was a box of transistors(晶体管).
Ann"s prize includes $ 25,000 and a "once in a-lifetime expericnce" from Google for her Hollow Flashlight, which has no moving parts or batteries.
The idea for the invention came from seeing unwanted batteries and her friend"s experience. When Ann visited a friend in the Philippines, she saw the friend couldn"t study when it became dark because there was no electricity or light. She saw the need for a flashlight that has no batteries - Hollow Flashlight.
In her project, Ann wrote "I made two flashlights that do not use any batteries or harmful materials. They do not create any noise and will always work. The flashlight needs at least a 5℃ temperature difference between the holder"s body and the environment around to produce light."
A video of Ann explaining how she creatcd the flashlight has been watched more than 1.4 million times on the Internet.
Though Ann was successful, she has not made a decision about her career path. Ann hopes that she can find a way to join her love of film and science together.
The four winners were chosen from 15 final competitors from eight countries. The competition attracted thousands of students in 120 countries.
小题1:In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this passage?
| A．Travel. | B．Culture. | C．Technology. | D．Advertisement. |
| A．introduction | B．warning | C．argument | D．discussion |
| A．what Ann saw in the Philippines | B．why Ann invented Hollow Flashlight |
| C．how Ann"s family encouraged her interest | D．what prize Ann got for Hollow Flashlight |
| A．easy to win the international science competition |
| B．Hollow Flashlight is safe, noiseless and can save energy |
| C．Ann has made a decision to be a scientist in the future |
| D．few people are interested in how Ann created the flashlight |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:B
解析
试题分析：15 岁的学生Ann Makosinski发明了用持有者的身体热量作为电源的手电筒。今天从加州拿着$ 25,000的大奖回家，还获得了一个进一步研究的机会。这个发明的想法是从看到不需要的电池和她的朋友的经历中想到的。Hollow Flashlight环保、安全、无噪音。
小题1:细节理解题。根据第一段介绍发明手电筒可知这篇文章应该在报纸的科学技术栏。Travel旅游； Culture文化；Technology技术；Advertisement广告。故选C。
小题2:推理判断题。A. introduction介绍；B. warning预告；C. argument争论；D. discussion讨论。根据第一段的内容（一个 15 岁的学生发明了从持有者的身体热量获得电源的手电筒。今天从加州拿着大奖回家，还获得了一个进一步研究的机会。）可知，故选A。
小题3:段落归纳题。根据第6段的意思可知，这个发明的想法是从看到不需要的电池和她的朋友的经历中想到的。当安在菲律宾去拜访朋友时，她看到朋友无法学习当天暗下来，因为没有电也没有光。她看到对不用电池-空心手电筒的需要。故选B（Ann为什么发明中空手电筒）。
小题4:推理判断题。根据I made two flashlights that do not use any batteries or harmful materials. They do not create any noise and will always work.可知，Hollow Flashlight环保、安全、无噪音。故选B。
核心考点
试题【A 15-year-old student who invented a flashlight(手电筒) getting power from the hold】；主要考察你对科普环保类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
A password is like a key to your home. If someone steals it, he’ll get chances to steal something else. We use passwords everywhere in our life. We are so used to passwords that we don’t pay any attention to them until we lose or forget one.
A study of 28,000 passwords recently stolen from a popular website showed that people often do the easy thing. It found that 16 percent took a first name as a password. Another 14 percent used the easiest keyboard combinations such as “12345678” or QWERTY. Five percent of the stolen passwords were names of television shows or stars popular with young people. Three percent of the passwords expressed feelings like “I don’t care,” “Whatever,” “I love you,” or their opposite, “I hate you.”
Robert Graham, who did the study, advises people to choose a password that is longer than eight characters with one capital letter(大写字母) and one symbol.
Of course, safe passwords don’t mean those hard to remember. Forgetting your password is sometimes a big headache for you. Maybe, the perfect password is easy for you and hard for others.
小题1: The underlined word “password” in Paragraph 1 means __________.
| A．标志 | B．护照 | C．密码 | D．口诀 |
| A．busy | B．lazy | C．stupid | D．careful |
| A．ZXCVBN. | B．password56. | C．wy64#0Mv. | D．I hate you. |
Many students would be unhappy if they f________小题1: in a very difficult physics course, but in fact they have known a lot about t_________小题2: They realize that they should not become engineers or p___________小题3:scientists in the future. So falling can help a student to live a happier life if he or she draws something out of it. They may then decide on their aim and c__________小题4: the kind of work that they would be fit for and they would like to do.
You can’t be sure whether you like something u_________小题5: you have tried it. If you make a d_________小题6: that you would like to play the violin, you need to take more music classes b________小题7:you know if you are really interested in it.
It is not e________小题8: to hope to be a violinist. You also have to stand the hard practice before you become one. If you would enjoy being a great violinist, but hate the hard and b_________小题9: work, just give it up.
It’s a good plan to try as many ideas as possible when you are still young. And then you will be able to find o_________小题10: what your true interests are.
Why do Shostak and Barnett think intelligent life exists on other planets? The first reason is time. Scientists believe the universe is about 12 billion years old. “This is long enough for other planets to have intelligent life,” say Shostak and Barnett. The second reason is size—the universe is huge. “Tools like the Hubble Telescope(哈勃望远镜) have shown that there are at least 100 billion galaxies,” says Shostak. “And our galaxy, the Milky Way, has at least 100 billion stars. Some planets going around these stars might be similar to Earth.”
In the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. But now, powerful telescopes(高倍望远镜) allow scientists to discover smaller planets—the size of Mars or Earth—in other solar systems. These planets might have intelligent life.
Have beings from space already visited Earth? “Probably not,” says Shostak. “It’s a long way away. However, intelligent beings may contact us in other way, such as radio signals(信号). In fact, they may be trying to communicate with us now, but we don’t have the right tools to receive their messages. However, this is changing. By 2025, we could make contact with other life forms in our universe and we might help each other.”
小题1:Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are _____.
| A．astronomers | B．farmers | C．singers | D．drivers |
| A．The Age and Size of Earth |
| B．Our Galaxy: The Milky Way |
| C．Why Intelligent Life Might Exist |
| D．Earth: The Only Planet with Intelligent Life |
| A．There were not any smaller planets. |
| B．There were not any powerful telescopes. |
| C．The astronomers were not interested in them. |
| D．The Milky Way didn’t exist at that time, |
| A．They’re afraid of us. |
| B．It’s a long way away. |
| C．They don’t want to see us. |
| D．They don’t know how to use radio signals. |
| A．Messages | B．Tools | C．Intelligent beings | D．Radio signals |
Do you know that each child in school catches six to ten colds every year? Though there is no cure for colds, there are some suggestions for you to avoid getting a cold.
First, you can avoid catching a cold by practicing healthy habits. Begin by eating healthy foods. Eat lots of fruits and vegetables and drink milk and juice. Other healthy habits include getting plenty of sleep at night and lots of exercise.
Next, you should try to avoid contact with the viruses that cause colds. If you can, stay away from large crowds. When people cough(咳嗽) and sneeze(打喷嚏), the cold virus goes into the air. Do not share a drinking cup, fork, or spoon with someone else because that could spread the virus. Washing you hands is also a good way not to catch a cold. The cold virus may be on the things like telephones and money. Shaking another person’s hand could even spread the virus. By washing your hands, you can stop the virus from infecting(传染).
Following the suggestion above until doctors find a way to stop the viruses that cause colds.
小题1: Each child in school catches colds every year.
小题2:Though there is no cure, there are some for you to avoid getting a cold.
小题3:When people cough and sneeze, the cold virus the air.
小题4:You’d better not share a drinking cup with someone else because .
小题5:By washing your hands, you can from infecting you.
People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers. In the United States, people think begin counting with their first fingers, which they extend or stick out. They then extend the rest of their fingers and finally the thumb(拇指）to count to five. Then they repeat this with the other hand to get to ten. In China, people count by using different finger positions. In this way, a Chinese person can easily count to ten on only one hand.
Besides ways of finger counting, scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers. Some languages have only a few words for numbers, and others have no words for numbers. A group of scientists studied aboriginal(土著的）people in Australia. These people don’t have hand movements to stand for numbers. They don’t even have word for numbers. However, they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers.
In a similar study, researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology discovered that people of the Piraha tribe(部落） in northwestern Brazil don’t have words for numbers such as “one” or “three.”. They are not able to say “five trees” or “ten trees” but can say “some trees,” “more trees,” or “many trees.” Professor Edward Gibson said that mist people believe that everyone knows how to count, “but here is a group that does not count. They could learn, but it’s not useful in their culture, so they’ve never picked it up.”
Although all humans are able to understand quantities(数量）,not all languages have numbers and not all people use counting. Number words in a certain language are a result of people needing numbers in their daily lives. Now we know that people have different ideas about numbers and math, too.
小题1:The writer begins with the four questions in order to______.
| A．make a survey | B．interest readers |
| C．tell a story | D．solve math problems |
| A．People from China count much faster than people from the U.S. |
| B．People from China need two hands to count from one to ten. |
| C．People of different cultures may use different ways of finger counting |
| D．People of different cultures use the same way of finger counting. |
| A．They have only a few words for numbers |
| B．They have hand movements to stand for numbers |
| C．They can only count to five on their fingers |
| D．They can understand different ideas about numbers |
| A．people all over the world know how to count |
| B．People of the tribe have words for number |
| C．Some groups of people are not smart enough to count |
| D．Counting is not useful in the culture of the tribe |
| A．people from different cultures have different ideas about numbers and math |
| B．Chinese people can count more easily on their fingers than Americans |
| C．In some aboriginal culture,people don’t even know how to count |
| D．Some languages don’t have number words because people don’t need numbers. |
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