题目

题型：广西自治区月考题难度：来源：

在鸦片战争以后，中国社会性质发生了重大的变化。请结合课本知识回答下列问题：中国社会性质发生了怎样的变化？哪些条约的签订体现了这一变化？                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          在这一变化过程中，中国人民进行了哪些奋斗和抗争？给我们什么启示？                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

答案

       变化：中国由封建社会一步一步沦为半殖民地半封建社会。《南京条约》使中国开始沦为半殖民地半封建社会；《天津条约》《北京条约》加深了中国社会的殖民地化；《马关条约》大加深了中国半殖民地化的程度；《辛丑条约》使中国完全沦为半殖民地半封建社会。       奋斗和抗争有：在历次侵华战争中中国军民的奋起反抗（如三元里抗英斗争）；农民阶级先后掀起了太平天国运动、义和团运动；封建地主阶级掀起了自救的洋务运动；中国民族资产阶级则先推行维新变法，后掀起了辛亥革命。       启示：中国近代遭受外敌欺凌，主要是清政府腐败无能，经济落后；中国特殊的社会性质决定了中国农民阶级、资产阶级都不能领导中国革命取得胜利，只有中国共产党才能率领中国人民进行彻底反帝反封建的斗争，并取得最后的胜利。（可以谈自己的认识，只要言之有理答出其中一点即可。）