题目
1prefer to do sth rather than do sth.和2.would do sth rather than do sth中, (rather )than do sth 是补语吗?还是其他成分?
提问时间:2020-07-26
答案
在英语中,表示“偏爱”、“优先”、“更喜欢”、“更可取”或“宁愿”等意思时,可用prefer,would rather和rather than来表达.三个词之间在表达和用法上的异同如下:
(—)rather than
①rather than必须连接两个平行结构,即并联两个词(如名词、代词),两个动词不定式或并联两个短语或分句.
如:
John ought to go rather than Mary.
约翰比玛丽更应该去.
②当rather than并联两个动词不定式时,后一个动词不定式一般省略to(在比较正式的文体中也可以保留to).
如:
In China,it is important to invest in education rather than(to)increase personal wages.
在中国,优先投资教育比增加个人工资重要.
(二)prefer
①prefer之后用动名词结构表示一般性偏爱,强调一种事实或一件事.
如:
l like swimming,but I prefer sailing.
我喜欢游泳,但更喜欢航行.
②当prefer之后带两个动词不定式表示“偏爱…胜过…”时,用rather than连接.Rather than之后可以有两种结构:省略to的动词不定式和动词的ing形式.
如:
1 would prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than drive out.
我宁愿在家度周末,而不愿意开车出门.
③当prefer之后带两个名词或动名词结构表示“偏爱…胜过…”时,常用介词to连接两个部分,也可以用rather than连接.
如:
I prefer watching TV to reading books.
我宁可看电视,也不愿意看书.
④prefer之后可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语.
如:
I don’t prefer people to smoke here.
我不喜欢有人在这儿抽烟.
⑤prefer之后带从句时,其用法与would rather带从句的用法相同.
如:
I’d prefer that you did not go there alone.
我希望你不要一个人到那里去.
(三)would rather
①would rather是固定习惯用语,可用于任何人称,其简略形式是 ’d rather.would rather之后直接带省略to的动词不定式.
如:
Would you rather stay at home or go out with me?
你愿意呆在家里,还是愿意跟我出门?
②would rather还可以与than连用,构成“would rather+省略to的不定式+than+省略to的不定式”结构.
如:
Tom would rather read than talk.=Tom prefers reading to talking.
汤姆喜爱读书胜过与人交谈.
③would rather之后带从句时,从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气,即用过去式表示现在或将来的意义,用过去完成式表示过去的意义.
如:
I’d rather she had repaired her car last night.=I wish she had repaired her car last night.
但愿她昨晚就把车修好了.
④一般来说.would rather之后跟动词原形表达的意思是“偏爱,宁愿”,但如果其后跟动词hope,think,like,enjoy和have等时,would rather则含有“很,非常”的意思.请比较:
I’d rather like reading.我很喜欢读书.
I’m not sure,but I’d rather think so.我没有十分把握,但认为很可能如此.
(—)rather than
①rather than必须连接两个平行结构,即并联两个词(如名词、代词),两个动词不定式或并联两个短语或分句.
如:
John ought to go rather than Mary.
约翰比玛丽更应该去.
②当rather than并联两个动词不定式时,后一个动词不定式一般省略to(在比较正式的文体中也可以保留to).
如:
In China,it is important to invest in education rather than(to)increase personal wages.
在中国,优先投资教育比增加个人工资重要.
(二)prefer
①prefer之后用动名词结构表示一般性偏爱,强调一种事实或一件事.
如:
l like swimming,but I prefer sailing.
我喜欢游泳,但更喜欢航行.
②当prefer之后带两个动词不定式表示“偏爱…胜过…”时,用rather than连接.Rather than之后可以有两种结构:省略to的动词不定式和动词的ing形式.
如:
1 would prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than drive out.
我宁愿在家度周末,而不愿意开车出门.
③当prefer之后带两个名词或动名词结构表示“偏爱…胜过…”时,常用介词to连接两个部分,也可以用rather than连接.
如:
I prefer watching TV to reading books.
我宁可看电视,也不愿意看书.
④prefer之后可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语.
如:
I don’t prefer people to smoke here.
我不喜欢有人在这儿抽烟.
⑤prefer之后带从句时,其用法与would rather带从句的用法相同.
如:
I’d prefer that you did not go there alone.
我希望你不要一个人到那里去.
(三)would rather
①would rather是固定习惯用语,可用于任何人称,其简略形式是 ’d rather.would rather之后直接带省略to的动词不定式.
如:
Would you rather stay at home or go out with me?
你愿意呆在家里,还是愿意跟我出门?
②would rather还可以与than连用,构成“would rather+省略to的不定式+than+省略to的不定式”结构.
如:
Tom would rather read than talk.=Tom prefers reading to talking.
汤姆喜爱读书胜过与人交谈.
③would rather之后带从句时,从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气,即用过去式表示现在或将来的意义,用过去完成式表示过去的意义.
如:
I’d rather she had repaired her car last night.=I wish she had repaired her car last night.
但愿她昨晚就把车修好了.
④一般来说.would rather之后跟动词原形表达的意思是“偏爱,宁愿”,但如果其后跟动词hope,think,like,enjoy和have等时,would rather则含有“很,非常”的意思.请比较:
I’d rather like reading.我很喜欢读书.
I’m not sure,but I’d rather think so.我没有十分把握,但认为很可能如此.
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