题目
题型:四川省期中题难度:来源:
These people remain healthy in body and spirit despite the passage of time. While many older persons in industrial societies become weak and ill in their 60s and 70s, some Caucasians aged 100 to 140, work in the fields beside their great-great-grandchildren. Even the idea of aging is foreign to them. When asked "at what age does youth end?" Most of these old people had no answer. Several replied, "Well, perhaps at age 80."
What accounts for this ability to survive to such old age, and to survive so well?First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long-lived people. They begin their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop. For example, Mr. Rustam Mamedov is 142 years of age. His wife is 116 years old. They have been married for 90 years. Mr. Mamedov has no intention of retiring from his life as a farmer. "Why?What else would I do?"he asks.
All these people get healthful rewards from the environment in which they work. They all come from mountainous regions. They live and work at elevations of 1,660 to 1,000 meters above sea level. The air has less oxygen and is pollution-free. This reduced-oxygen environment makes the heart and blood vessel(血管) system stronger.
Another factor that may contribute to the good health of these people is their isolation. To a great extent, they are separated from the pressures and worries of industrial society.
Inherited factors also play some role. Most of the longest-lived people had parents and grandparents who also reached very old ages. Good family genes may, therefore, be one factor in living longer.
B. 3
C. 50
D. 30
B. are too old to work in the fields
C. are still working in the fields
D. benefit from physical work
B. Having been married for 90 years.
C. Hard physical work.
D. Having no intentions.
B. is seriously polluted
C. is rich in oxygen and pollution-free
D. is extremely smelly
B. Stress and pressure.
C. Daily hard work.
D. Good genes.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 In the Caucasus region of Russia, nearly 50 out of every 100,000 peopl】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
had just completed her first brain surgery to remove a tumor (肿瘤) and was going through radiation
treatment, was now officially given a two percent chance of survival as this type of cancer had no cure.
My wife and I decided to take our daughter to lunch before continuing our afternoon conversation.
We went to a local restaurant where we sat in silence waiting for the waitress. I noticed a very elderly
couple sitting a few booths away, who were also in silence and did not speak a word. I couldn"t help but
wonder what challenges they had faced in their life and if they ever faced such terrible news about a child
of theirs.
We eventually ordered our lunch and still sitting in silence we ate what we could. At some point I
became intrigued by the old couple. I thought to myself that they hadn"t yet spoken to each other and I
wondered if it was the peace they were enjoying or the food or maybe both. However, at some point I
lost interest and put my focus back on my lunch.
Molly was still talking away and enjoying her meal. Her mom and I both listened and tried to be happy
in her presence but it wasn"t going very well. All of a sudden I saw a hand come out of nowhere. It was
huge and I could tell that it had been afflicted with arthritis (关节炎). I couldn"t take my eyes off that
hand. It landed on my daughter"s tiny six-year-old hand and as it did I looked up; it was the old woman
who had been sitting with the old man in silence eating their lunch.
I looked into her eyes and she spoke, but not to me. She looked at my daughter and simply whispered, "If I could do more for you I would…" and then she smiled and moved away to join her husband, who
had moved towards the door.
"Look, a whole dollar," Molly spoke with excitement as she discovered a crumpled one dollar bill left
behind by the old lady. I looked up to thank her, but she was gone. I sat stunned, not sure what had just
happened and then I looked over at my wife. In almost unison, we broke out into a smile. The sadness of
the day had been wiped out by the crippled hand and generous touch of the old lady. The dollar, although exciting to Molly, was not what made us smile; it was the offer from the old lady, who felt our suffering.
The crippled hand symbolized a healing touch and made us realize that we did not have to fight this battle
alone.
B. confused
C. upset
D. indifferent
B. she had the responsibility for the safety of Molly
C. she was an old friend of the author and can lend some money to them
D. she would like to help Molly as much as possible
B. The old couple had once gone through the same trouble as the author did.
C. The one dollar bill made the author feel touched by the warmth from others.
D. The old woman sympathized with Molly because she suffered from serious arthritis herself.
B. A touch of heaven
C. A crippled hand
D. A kind-hearted couple
caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly
or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect
the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated arctic regions explorers have
reported people are free from colds until they come into contact again with infected people from the
outside world by way of packages and mails dropped from airplanes.
During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches (战壕), cold and wet,
showed no increased tendency to catch colds.
In the Second World War prisoners at the Auschwitz concentration camp, naked and starving, were
astonished to find that they seldom had colds. At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers
took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long
stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold
water, and then stood about dripping wet in a drafty (通风良好的)room. Some wore wet socks all day
while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a
cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.
If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter?
Despite the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by
scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this
makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7
B. Colds are not always caused by cold.
C. People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.
D. A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already has one.
B. writing reports in terribly cold weather
C. free from work in the isolated arctic regions
D. coming into touch again with the outside world
B. never caught colds
C. often caught colds
D. became very strong
B. the fallacy about the common cold
C. the reason and the way people catch colds
D. the continued spread of common colds
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
the lesson our school"s Environment Club has learned over the past two years. We"ve reduced the amount of our waste at our school by 25 per cent. 1 We have the evidence we need to suggest we are making a difference. If you are interested in leading your school on a similar journey of change, here are some tips.
2
Examine the garbage can to find out how much of your school"s garbage could be picked out from the
waste stream and be reused. We found that more than 80 percent of our waste could have been reused,
recycled or composted (制成堆肥).
Prepare dustbins there.
3 You will find you can cover the cost of the purchase of the dustbins within a few months simply
by selling the bottles and other items you collect.
Compost the waste.
Start a composting system in your school. You may reduce your waste by as much as 50 percent. Be
sure to talk with your teachers and your cafeteria staff to get them onside.
Share your success.
Let your community know what you"ve accomplished. 4 Ask your teachers if you can talk to their
classes, let your parent group know what you"re doing, and present a report to the president of your
school.
5
Whether you spend a few moments in a quiet place or the whole day walking along a beautiful beach,
time outdoors will remind you why the work you do for the environment is so worthwhile.
B. Reward yourself.
C. Do outdoor activities.
D. They"ll feel proud of you.
E. We need to go further, and we will.
F. Invite your friends to join your cause.
G. Make sure every classroom has dustbins for recycling.
Most people think of zoos as safe places for animals, where struggles such as difficulty finding food and avoiding predators don"t exist. Without such problems, animals in zoos should live to a ripe old age.
But that may not be true for the largest land animals on Earth. Scientists have known that elephants in
zoos often suffer from poor health. They develop diseases, joint problems and behavior changes.
Sometimes, they even become unable to have babies.
To learn more about how captivity (监禁) affects elephants, a team of international scientists compared the life spans of female elephants born in zoos with female elephants living outdoors in their native lands.
Zoos keep detailed records of all the animals in their care, documenting factors such as birth dates,
illnesses, weight and death. These records made it possible for the researchers to analyze 40 years of
data on 800 African and Asian elephants in zoos across Europe. The scientists compared the life spans of
the zoo-born elephants with the life spans of thousands of female wild elephants in Africa and Asian
elephants that work in logging camps (伐木场), over approximately the same time period.
The team found that female African elephants born in zoos lived an average of 16.9 years. Their wild
counterparts who died of natural causes lived an average of 56 years--more than three times as long.
Female Asian elephants followed a similar pattern. In zoos, they lived 18.9 years, while those in the
logging camps lived 41.7 years.
Scientists don"t yet know why wild elephants seem to live so much better than their zoo-raised counterparts. Georgia Mason, a biologist at the University of Guelph in Canada who led the study, thinks stress
and obesity (肥胖) may be to blame. Zoo elephants don"t get the same kind of exercise they would in the wild, and most are very fat. Elephant social lives are also much different in zoos than in the wild, where they live in large herds and family groups.
Another finding from the study showed that Asian elephants born in zoos were more likely to die early
than Asian elephants captured in the wild and brought to zoos. Mason suggests stress in the mothers in
zoos might cause them to have babies that are less likely to survive.
The study raises some questions about acquiring more elephants to keep in zoos. While some threatened
and endangered species living in zoos reproduce successfully and maintain healthy populations, that
doesn"t appear to be the case with elephants.
B. 1ive to a ripe old age.
C. are not afraid of predators.
D. develop health problems.
NOT true? (See paragraph 3)?
B. They kept detailed records of all the elephants in their care.
C. They analyzed the records of the elephants kept in zoos.
D. The zoo-born elephants they studied are kept in European zoos.
B. Female zoo elephants live longer than their wild counterparts.
C. Female zoo elephants die much earlier than their wild counterparts.
D. Elephants in zoos and those in the wild enjoy the same long life spans.
B. Elephants are no longer an endangered species.
C. Zoo-born elephants should be looked after more carefully.
D. Zoos should keep more animals except elephants.
diethylamide glycol ( [化]乙二醇), a low - cost substitute commonly used in automobile antifreeze (防冻剂).
Some countries have banned Chinese-made toothpaste containing diethylamide glycol. China has now
told companies to discontinue its use, even though it says the toothpaste is safe. Another industrial
chemical, melamine, was found in wheat flour used to make pet food in North America. Thousands of
dogs and cats became sick.
The United States has restricted some imports of Chinese seafood because they contained banned
substance. And questions have been raised about other products, including children"s toys covered with
lead paint.
Chinese officials promised to provide the European Union, the biggest trading partner, with detailed
reports on enforcement efforts against unsafe goods.
Meglena Kuneva, commissioner (理事) for consumer protection of the European Union said China
should have kept its promise.
China recently closed three companies linked to the Panama and the pet food scare. And it dismissed
the former head of its food and drug administration. He was found guilty of corruption (腐败) for
approving unsafe drugs. This week, a conference of the State Council approved a proposed special
measure on the supervision of food safety. The Xinhua News Agency said it calls for stronger controls
over producers, greater responsibilities for government and more serious punishment for illegal activities.
But Chinese officials have accused some foreign media of overstating problems with goods made in
China. They say food imports from the United States also fail inspection sometimes. Next Week,
American and Chinese food safety officials are planning to hold 5 days of meetings in Beijing to discuss
cooperation.
B. Five
C. Four
D. Three
B. The former head of food and drug administration was removed from his position.
C. More serious punishment was conducted for leaders linked to it.
D. Both A and B.
B. the safety of "made in China" is doubted
C. there are safety problems with more Chinese products
D. the Chinese government is to blame partly for the product safety problems.
B. more controls are taken of Chinese goods
C. overstated problems with Chinese goods
D. China is losing its trade partners
B. The European Union
C. Chinese officials
D. The Chinese company
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