题目
题型：同步题难度：来源：
more deeply into your consciousness, a new study has found.
And having one or two glasses of wine a day may increase your ability to remember, and even
help with Alzheimer (老年痴呆症) sufferers. The study at Auckland University was undertaken by
Dr. Maggie Kalev and Professor Mathew During.
The two researchers found moderate levels of alcohol consumption, equivalent to one or two
glasses of wine a day, could augment memory.
In contrast, high levels of alcohol decreased the ability of new brain cells to develop and mature.
"Low levels of alcohol promoted neutral memories, such as remembering objects," said Dr. Kalev.
"However, contrary to popular belief, we also found that excessive levels of alcohol enhanced
memories of highly emotional stimuli (刺激), meaning the concept of "drinking to forget" is unlikely
to be true."
"Our work suggests that heavy drinking actually reinforces negative memories."
The study also identified the way low doses of alcohol improved memory.
Dr. Kalev said a "very important" brain receptor(受体), called an NMDA receptor, appeared
to be necessary for the process.
Testing done on rats showed if they did not have enough NMDA receptors, their memory did
not improve when given low alcohol doses.
However, rats which did show high numbers of NMDA receptors exhibited memory improvement
when given small amounts of alcohol.
"Pathways by which memory is laid down are unclear, but NMDA receptor is critical in this
process," Dr. Kalev said.
"Building on this knowledge may help in the treatment of memory disorders, such as Alzheimer"s
disease and other dementias."
The results of the study are published in Journal of Neuroscience.
B. The good effect of alcohol
C. The importance of NMDA receptor
D. Moderate drinking can improve memory
B. An NMDA receptor is the only factor for the process.
C. According to the testing done on rats, their memory did not improve when given low alcohol doses if they did not have enough NMDA receptors.
D. It is sure that the knowledge of the research can help to treat the memory disorders.
B. science report
C. science fiction
D. a novel
B. The alcoholic amount beneficial to individuals is certain.
C. It is advised that one should not drink too much to forget emotional stimuli.
D. The alcoholic degree of wine is very critical in the research.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Hitting the bottle to help drown out memories you"d rather forget may 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
refer to environmentally friendly houses, factories, and offices.
Green building means "reducing the impact(影响)of the building on the land", Taryn Holowka of
the U.S. Green Building Council in Washington, D. C., said.
According to Holoeka, building account for 65 percent of total U.S. electricity use.
Bur green building can reduce energy and water use. Also, the buildings are often located near public
transportation such as buses and subways, ______________________________________.That
could be good for the environment, because cars use lots of gas and give off pollution. Green buildings
are often built on developed land, so that the buildings don"t destroy forest.
Marty Dettling is project manger for a building that put these ideas into action. The Solaire has been
called the country"s first green high-rise building. According to Dettling, "We"ve reduced our energy use
by one-third and our water by 50 percent."
T
he Solaire cuts energy in past by using solar power. "On the face of the building we have solar panels which change the sun"s energy into electricity, " Dettling explained.
The Solaria also has lights that automatically turn off when people leave the room. In addition, the
building has lots of windows, allowing people to use the sun for light during the day. The Solaire cuts
water reusing it.
Nor everyone is eager to move into a green building, however. Some people think that things like
solar panels cost more money than more traditional energy sources. Anyhow, Holowka said, "It"s going
to be big.
swer within 10 words)______________________________________________________________________________.
Green buildings will become popular in the future.
______________________________________________________________________________.
______________________________________________________________________________.
_____________________________________________________________________________.
_____________________________________________________________________________.
medical history, t
he outbreak of 412 BC was of influenza. The same has been suggested of the sickness that swept through the Greek army attacking Syracuse in 395 BC. Flu is a disease that
moves most quickly among people living in crowded conditions, hence it is likely to attack armies.
In April 1918, flu broke out among American troops stationed in France. It quickly spread
through all the armies but caused relatively few deaths. Four months later, however, a second
outbreak started which proved to be a killer. It killed not only the old and already sick but also
healthy young adults. It went through every country in the world, only a few distant islands in the
South Atlantic and the Pacific remaining untouched. Before the great outbreak ended, it had killed
at least 15 million people.
Medical science is still not certain what hit us in 1918. The virus of influenza (流感病毒) was
not found until 1933, so all that today can be said about the 1918 outbreak is the kind of antibodies
it produced.
The first big advance was also made in 1933, then a team of British doctors found the type A
influenza virus. In 1940, a doctor of the United States found type B. Later type C was found, along
with many subgroups of type A and B. Vaccines (疫苗) were prepared and used widely by the
armies during the Second World War to prevent outbreaks.
The flu virus proved trickier (奸诈) than most. A vaccine good against one type gave a protection
against another. Indeed type A virus changes its nature so quickly that a perfectly good vaccine may
lose its value because of the change. This increases the need for the speedy discovery of flu outbreaks,
so that stocks(家畜) of the right vaccine can be prepared quickly after an outbreak. Starting such a
warning system was one of the first things done by the World Health Organization. .
B. Because it spread through Greek army long ago .
C. Because it spread through the crowded most quickly.
D. Because an army moves more often.
A. One type.
B. Two types.
C. Three types.
D. Four types
B. Several million.
C. Seven million
D. Fifteen million.
B. A Group of American doctors first discovered the types of influenza
C. All kinds of vaccine can not prevent every kind of influenza virus.
D. The earliest outbreak of disease mentioned happened in the year 412 BC.
sound a baby makes when born could be a sign of anger. Anger may be the original or first emotion
we feel and respond to. Imagine, before hunger, thirst, love, desire or any other describable feeling,
we may experience anger. Not only is anger a natural emotion, it is in many cases a perfectly healthy
emotion. Anger can motivate people to make very positive changes in their lives. Anger can motivate
individuals to do positive and memorable acts. Sometimes we have to be angry at injustice, at evil, or
even at nature, before we can do what needs to be done to correct wrongs or make things better. But
of course, that is not how we usually think of anger.
Most people think of anger as an emotion we must keep under control. Children are sometimes
sent to their rooms or punished for expressing anger in an excessive (过渡的) way. Parents tell a child
to "get control" of himself when the child shows anger. We may be angry with friends or at work, but
we know it is usually inappropriate to show it. We have to control the anger or suffer what may be the
negative consequences. Very early in life, we learn that anger is something that must be controlleD．
We learn this for a good reason.
We know that uncontrolled anger can lead to fights, car accidents, bad relationships with others,
unacceptable social behavior, and many other problems. Many experts say that if one holds his anger
in, it can even lead to severe mental and physical health problems. So what can we do to understand
and calm this natural emotion that we call anger?
Experts offer many solutions to excessive and harmful anger. Some of these solutions include talking
about what triggers the anger with someone you trust and is a good friend, leaving a situation that causes
anger, beating on a pillow, exercising more in one"s daily life, therapy, medication, and many other methods. Whatever solution one chooses, it is good to know that by trying to find the solution to the problem of
anger, the first step in the right direction to solving the anger problem has been taken.
1．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Anatural emotion of anger.
B．Consequences of anger.
C．Control of anger.
D．Possible solutions to anger.
2．According to Paragraph 1, anger is a feeling that can lead to______.
B．positive actions
C．special experiences
D．imagination
A．It helps us find a way to correct wrongs.
B．It"s a perfectly healthy feeling.
C．We should control it.
D．We have a good reason to show it
B．Protect themselves from bad things.
C．Have unacceptable social behavior.
D．Suffer mental and physical health problems.
B．leaving a situation that causes anger
C．ready to beat a pillow
D．on the way to solving the anger problem
You"re in a bit of a dilemma standing in front of the produce section of your local supermarket.
In one hand, you"re holding a conventionally grown Granny Smith apple. In your other hand, you
have one that"s been organically grown. Both apples are firm, shiny and green. Both provide vitamins
and fiber, and both are free of fat, sodium and cholesterol.
The conventionally grown apple costs less and is a proven family favorite. But the organic apple
has a label that says "USDA Organic". Does that mean it"s better? Safer? More nutritious? Become
a better informed consumer for your next trip to the supermarket. Several differences between
organic and non-organic foods exist. The word "organic" refers to the way farmers grow and process
agricultural products, such as fruits, vegetables, grains, dairy products and meat. Organic farming
practices are designed to encourage soil and water conservation and reduce pollution. Farmers who
grow organic produce and meat don"t use conventional methods to fertilize, control weeds or prevent
livestock disease.
Here are other differences between conventional farming and organic farming:
* Organic or not? Check the label
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has established an organic certification program
that requires all organic foods to meet strict government standards. These standards regulate how
such foods are grown, handled and processed. Any farmer or food manufacturer who labels and
sells a product as organic must be USDA certified as meeting these standards. Only producers who
sell less than $5,000 a year in organic foods are exempt(免除) from this certification.
If a food bears a USDA Organic label, it means it"s produced and processed according to the
USDA standards. The seal is voluntary, but many organic producers use it.
B. to inform people organic food is better for their health
C. to compare conventional and organic foods
D. to persuade people to become informed consumers
B. take the place of the traditional agriculture entirely
C. prevent livestock from getting disease more effectively
D. adopt environmentally-friendly methods to grow plants and feed animals.
B. doesn"t look the same as an organic one
C. contains more fat, sodium and cholesterol
D. has proven itself acceptable by the family
4. Which of the following methods belongs to organic farming?
B. Using rotted plants as fertilizer to promote plant growth.
C. Using growth hormones to speed up animals" growth.
D. Using pests to reduce insects and disease.
B. makes it a must to attach a USDA Organic label
C. sets restrictions on the sales of organic produce
D. requires all foods to satisfy the strict government standards
environmentally responsible is a good investment for those who are concerned about their own
health and the well-being of the earth. Based on this trend, entire districts, known as eco-communities,
are being designed with a green focus in mind. Dockside Green in Victoria, British Columbia is
one of them.
If everything goes according to plan, Dockside Green will be a self sufficient community along
the harbour front of British Columbia"s capital city. The community will be home to 2500 people
and will consist of residential, office, and retail space. Builders of Dockside Green have the
environment in mind with every choice they make. They ensure proper ventilation(通风), and
guarantee residents 100% fresh indoor air. Building materials, such as paints and wood, are natural
and non-poisonous. Eco-conscious builders use bamboo wherever possible because it grows fast
and does not require pesticides(***虫剂) to grow.
Energy efficiency is one of the top concerns in eco-communities, such as Dockside Green. Not
only do energy efficient appliances and light fixtures(照明设备) reduce the environmental impact
of heating and hot water, they also save residents and business owners money. Dockside Green
claims that home owners will use 55% less energy than average residents in Canada. Residents will
have individual water metres as studies show that people use around 20% less energy when they are
billed for exactly what they use. In addition, water is treated at Dockside Green and reused on site
for flushing(冲洗) toilets.
Planners of eco-communities such as Dockside Green must take the future into account. Dockside
Green plans on reusing 90% of its construction waste. They also plan to continue using local suppliers
for all of their transport and maintenance needs. This is a great way to reduce emissions(排放).
Dockside residents will be encouraged to make use of a mini transportation system and buy into the
community"s car share program. Finally, plans are in the works for a high-tech heating system that
will use renewable energy instead of fossil fuels (化石燃料).
Dockside residents will benefit from excellent local services with high quality healthcare, shopping
and education at the heart of the community, along with excellent recreation facilities and plentiful
green open spaces. The Eco-Community will favour the use of locally-sourced goods and services;
they will be desirable places to live, promoting a tangible(看得见的) sense of civic pride, responsibility
and, as the name suggests, community.
B. It is a self sufficient community with a population of 2500 people.
C. It is being built along the harbor front that is threatened by pollution.
D. It emphasizes the importance of green energy and energy efficiency.
B. keeps pets outside the house
C. grows quickly and easily
D. does not produce any waste
B. Creating an alternative to fossil fuels heating.
C. Having people pay for individual household usage.
D. Promoting the car share program to the residents.
B. Green Energy: New Trends in Canada
C. Eco-Communities: Dockside Green
D. Wise Investment in Eco-Communities
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