题目
题型：陕西省同步题难度：来源：
watershed (流域) covers three million square kilometers, flows through mountains, woodlands,
lakes and deserts.Its potential for fishing, tourism and shipping is great-but so are its challenges.
Water shortage, already serious in Egypt and Sudan, will soon influence several other countries
in the watershed as well.Today, about 160 million people depend on the Nile River for their living.
Within the next 25 years, the district"s population is expected to double, adding to the demand
brought about by growth in industry and agriculture.The frequent drought (干旱) adds to the
urgency.
Water quality is also a problem.Precious soil is washed out to se
a.Wastes from industry andagriculture create pollution.Higher concentrations of salt influence irrigated soils.Waterborne
diseases continue unchecked.In areas where it"s hot and damp, water hyacinths choke off lakes,
dams and other sections of the river, making it difficult for fishing and other businesses to move
forward.
Native people along the narrow area of farmland have watched the sand move closer day by
day.They"ve seen the river change course, and their only source (来源) of water thickened with
mud.They"re very poor and have few choices.
But a new program, the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI), is offering very practical assistance.The
program is more than just a watermanagement project.It"s a plan for the social and economic
development of a vast district: it concentrates on the needs of the poorest of the poor and the
environment that supports them.
These are whole ecosystem problems, calling for united solutions (解决办法). Half the Nile
Basin"s countries are among the world"s poorest nations; yet, somehow, they must find the resources,
skills and political will to overcome these challenges.
B. Overfishing of native people.
C. Water shortage and water quality.
D. Increasing population and tourism.
B. plants
C. rocks
D. salts
B. changing the river course
C. improving living conditions of the poor
D. preventing land from becoming desert
B. Frequent Drought in Egypt and Sudan
C. The Poorest Countries in the Nile Basin
D. The Ecosystem Problems in the Nile Basin
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解 For the people living in the Nile Basin, the river is their life.This 6】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
neither the desire nor the time to cook for themselves (or for anyone else )．Registered
dietitian Barbara Morrissey suggests that a few simple rules can help.
"Go for nutrient－dense foods,"she suggests,"foods that contain a multiple of nutrients.
For example,select whole wheat bread as a breakfast food,rather than coffee cake. Or
drink orange juice rather than orange drink,which contains only a small percentage of real
juice-the rest is largely colored sugar water. You just can"t compare the value of these
foods, the nutrient－dense ones are so superior,"she emphasizes.
Morrissey believes that variety is not only the spice of life,it"s the foundation of a healthful
diet. Diets which are based on one or two foods are not only almost impossible to keep up
the strength,they can be very harmful, she says, because nutrients aren"t supplied in enough
amounts or balance.
According to Morrissey,trying to find a diet that can cure your illnesses,or make you
superwoman is a fruitless search." As women,many of us are too concerned with staying
thin,"she says,and "we believe that vitamins are some kind of magic cure to replace food."
"We need carbohydrates,protein and fat－they are like the wood in the fireplace. The
vitamins and minerals are like the match,the spark,for the fuel,"she explains." We need
them all,but in a very different proportions(部分). And if the fuel isn"t there,the spark is
useless."
B．do not share the same views with registered dietitians
C．are busy and not interested in cooking
D．are likely to eat healthfully
B．it is natural,nutritious and prepared from real oranges
C．it is largely orange－colored sugar water
D．it produces nothing but calories
B．a search for a diet without fruits
C．a research on fruitless diet
D．a diet serving as medicine
B．staying thin and healthy are both possible
C．lack of variety in diets leads to staying thin
D．vitamins are some kind of substitutions(代替物)for food
B．vitamins and minerals are almost of no value
C．carbohydrates,protein and fat are as important as vitamins and minerals
D．without carbohydrates,protein and fat,vitamins and minerals are of no use
seconds later, I was covered in ants. They were swarming all over me so I got up and brushed them off.
It was a strange experience but I soon forgot about it.
A couple of years later, I was living in Jordan. I had just moved into a modern flat and was unpacking
plates when I saw something move out of the corner of my eye. I looked over at the kitchen drawer and
there was a cockroach(蟑螂) crawling out of it. I screamed. Then I grabbed a can of insecticide and
sprayed it on the cockroach. He ran under the nearby bathroom door. It took me three days before I
found the courage to open the bathroom door to see if he was still alive. He wasn"
t. Why did I react so violently to one lone insect when a closer encounter with hundreds of ants hardly
affected me? The answer is easy: because cockroaches are creepy crawlies(令人害怕的爬虫) and ants
aren"t. Creepy crawlies are those little bugs which provoke feelings such as apprehension(忧虑), anxiety
or aversion(讨厌) - they make your skin crawl.
Did you know that some people feel such a fear of bugs that it becomes a phobia(恐惧)?
Psychologists have offered many explanations. Some say we associate them with dirt and disease. Or
that these are life forms that are so alien to us, that we find them repulsive(排斥的) for their dissimilarity.
Insects, however, don"t fo
llow our rules - they just do what they want and invade our space. Unfortunately, although insects and bugs have been a successful animal species up to now, many of them,
like many other species nowadays, are under threat of extinction. Entomologists(昆虫学家) warn that
this could upset entire ecosystems and lead to all kinds of disastrous consequences. So my plea to you is:
the next time you feel the urge to stamp on, splatter or spray a creepy crawly, give a thought to the planet
and stop.
B. Because the author wants to show her preference to the ants and her dislike for the cockroach.
C. Because both ants and cockroaches are creepy crawlies that the author dislikes.
D. Because meeting the ants is an unusual experience that the author can hardly forget.
B. A kitchen knife.
C. Liquid for killing insects.
D. Cleanser for the bathroom.
B. They make the author feel so awful that they should be killed.
C. They invade our space and become a threat to humans.
D. They still deserve a place for keeping the balance of the nature.hundreds of ants.
B. It can make the author feel sick and cause a strong dislike.
C. The author may relate it to something dirty or disease at the sight of it.
D. It reminds the author of the experience of meeting
degree.
B. People can enjoy a cleaner living environment if more bugs like cockroaches are killed.
C. Many bugs are in danger of extinction so they should be placed under human"s protection.
D. Some bugs are extremely unpleasant that people have a strong wish to destroy them.
report. That depressing news comes as no surprise to healthcare professionals, who say that many kids
and parents don"t recognize depression’s symptoms(症状). And if they do, it can be difficult or
impossible to get help. This is no small problem; about 2 million teenagers experience clinical depression
each year, an illness that can do harm to school performance and friendships and is a leading cause of
teen suicide(自***).
The new report found that just 39 percent of teens with major depression got treatment. Here are
three ways to make sure your child can get over the problem.
Getting diagnosed(诊断). Last month, pediatricians(儿科医生) and family doctors were required
to examine all teenagers for depression. Courtney Jones, a 17-year-old in Portland, Ore., said that the
examination saved her life when she was 14. She didn"t recognize that her loss of confidence and sudden
lack of interest in spending time with friends were warning signs. Symptoms of depression include
frequent sadness, decreased interest in activities, and hopelessness.
Finding help. It"s no surprise to healthcare professionals that families have a hard time finding
mental-health services; there are only 7,418 child and adolescent psychiatrists(精神科医生) in the
United States, or about 1 for every 10,000 kids. For now, the best first step is to be examined by a
pediatrician or family doctor, and then go to a psychiatrist for treatment and perhaps medication. David
Palmiter, a psychologist, suggests checking out local universities, which often run clinics, as well as
community mental-health clinics.
Paying for treatment. Paying for healthcare is a struggle these days, and mental-health services can
be ever harder to cover. The report found that lack of health insurance coverage was the biggest barrier
to getting help. Only 17.2 percent of teens without health insurance coverage were able to get treatment.
However, there are still ways to find affordable mental-health care that you may not be aware of. In a
word, you should establish a relationship with a doctor, give the doctor a chance to get to know your kid
and help her or him get better.
a. committing suicide
b. sudden lack of interest in staying with friends
c. failing the school examinations
d. frequently feeling upset e. feeling desperate for no good reason
B. b, c, e
C. a, c, e
D. b, d, e
B. it"s necessary to examine all teenagers for depression
C. many American kids are suffering from depression
D. warning signs can help kids to find their problems
B. a psychiatrist or psychologist
C. a psychiatrist or family doctor
D. a pediatrician or psychiatrist
B. lack of psychiatrists for children
C. lack of health insurance coverage
D. difficulties in diagnosing depression
B. To explain the findings of a new report to people
C. To help parents to have their kids get treatment.
D. To arose the public"s attention to the problem
of health and human services, recess(课间休息) and physical education have in many schools been
cut back or canceled. While most of kids are eager to catch up with friends, the general feeling is that
"playtime is over."
Summer vacation does offer most children a bit of free playtime — the sort that leads to physical
activity and self-organized play, often in short supply during the school year. Still, it"s not enough.
Playtime shouldn"t be limited to summer vacation: it"s important all year.
For most American children in the past, "going out to play" was the norm. Today, according to a
University of Michigan study, children spend 50 percent less time outside than they did just 20 years
ago. There is a direct line between lack of play and some frightening public health and social trends:
tragic statistics for obesity(肥胖), 4.5 million children diagnosed with attention deficit disorder(ADD)
(儿童多动症), an increase in childhood depression and classroom behavioral problems, and an
inability to interact well with peers.
Just an hour a day of active play-running, chasing, games like dodge ball—can provide intense skill
learning. Physical activity is known to lessen the symptoms of mild attention deficit disorder, and
reduces the risk of childhood obesity. Active kids can perform better academically in the long term.
We should be aware of how important play is to one"s development. Even a play-deprived social
mammal(哺乳动物) like a rat or monkey will become unable to tell friend from enemy, and poor at
handling stress when it enters adulthood. My studies of young murderers revealed that most had lacked
normal, developmentally appropriate play as children and pre-adolescents.
Play is fun, but ultimately it is also useful. The smarter the animal, the more they play. For humans,
play refreshes us because it gets us in touch with our core selves and the joy of life.
I feel sad about the kids who have given up on play for another nine months. Their devaluation of
play is a tragic loss for them and for our society.
B. to suffer from depression
C. to fail to get along well with others
D. to murder their peers
B. it is the best way to cure children with obesity
C. it helps children to improve academic achievement
D. it can teach children to tell friend from enemy
B. requires enough playtime
C. enjoys playing very much
D. knows the importance of play
B. American children lack playtime during the school year.
C. Schools give children more playtime in the new semester.
D. Children with ADD should play less than normal children.
B. What Playtime Brings to Children
C. Lack of Play Leads to Problems
D. Let the Children Play
stop at the grocery for a case of diet soda. On our way to lunch she asked me "Do you think that drinking diet soda makes you fat?"
"Depends on whom you ask," I said. Last year, researchers from the University of Texas Health
Science Center in San Antonio reported that adults who drink diet soda did not lose weight. They were
actually more likely to become overweight than those adults who did not drink soda at all or those that
drink regular soda. In fact, the more diet soda consumed, the more likely someone would become
overweight. To be specific, there was a 41% increase in the risk of being overweight for every can or
bottle of diet soda consumed daily.
In this study, researcher Sharon Fowler followed over 600 normal weight adults ages 25-64 over a
seven to eight year period of time. She has a number of theories as to why weight gain may be a result of
drinking a zero-calorie beverage:
1.Artificial sweeteners may affect your body’s ability to judge how many calories you consume. When no calories are consumed, the body may continue to crave(渴望) what it expected and could lead to
overeating.
2. Some people give up regular sodas to justify their favorite dessert and still take in too many calories. A regular soda contains about 150 calories while your dessert may be double that in calories easily.
3. For others who were gaining weight already, switching to diet soda wasn’t enough to stop the gain.
Since her first piece of research, Fowler has tracked another 2000 people with similar results. Do the
faux sweet products induce people to want more sweets? Fowler suggests that perhaps it’s not the soft
drinks themselves that cause weight gain but that there is some link between diet soda drinking and
overweight.
B. Some want excuses to have dessert.
C. Some mistake diet soda as no-calorie drink.
D. Diet soda can help people lose weight.
B. Diet soda increases the risk of becoming overweight.
C. Diet soda actually contains more calories than regular soda.
D. Those who drink diet soda are 41% more likely to become fat.
B. People also have foods containing more calories when they choose diet soda.
C.Diet soda has little effect on those who have become overweight already.
D.Diet soda is a sweetener that increases the body’s needs for calories.
B. The research lasted many years and over 2000 people took part in it.
C. Diet soda has opposite effect on those who take it to lose weight.
D. Sharon Fowler is the first to find drinking diet soda leads to overweight.
B. reduce
C. advise
D. inspire
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