题目
题型：陕西省同步题难度：来源：
also shows that the difference in life expectancy (预期寿命) between rich and poor becomes
smalleramong those who live in an environment with parks and trees.
Richard Mitchell, from Glasgow University, and his colleagues, found that the gap between the
number of deaths of people on high incomes and the number of deaths of those on low incomes in green
areas was half that compared with figures relating to builtup areas.
Green spaces, classified by the researchers as "open, undeveloped land with natural vegetation",
encouraged people to walk and be more active.Exercise in these settings could have greater benefits than
exercise elsewhere, the researchers said.
The benefits potentially go beyond exercise.Studies have shown that being around green spaces can
reduce blood pressure and stress levels, and possibly help patients recover faster.
A number of researchers have looked at the effects of greenery on our wellbeing.But few studies had
looked
at whether living in green areas reduced health inequalities, the Glasgow team said.Using information from a landuse database of 2001, the researchers divided the preretirement
population of England into four groups according to income level, and five groups according to access to
green space.They then looked at death rate for 2001～2005.
They found that the inequality in death rate from all causes relating to lack of money was less in those
populations in the greenest areas compared with the figures for people living in more builtup places.They
found an even stronger relationship when it came to deaths from certain diseases such as heart conditions
and stroke (中风). There was no di
fference, however, in deaths from lung cancer.The researchers said that changing the physical environment was an easier way to fight against poor
health than using media campaigns or giving out information on health."The result of the study is clear:
Environments that promote good health might be very important in the fight to reduce health inequalities."
1. The underlined word "that" in Paragraph 2 refers to________.
A. the gap
B. the number of deaths
C. the income
D. the living area
2. What was the special point of the Glasgow team"s research?
A. They offered a scientific definition of "green spaces".
B. They encouraged people to exercise in green areas.
C. They studied the effects of greenery on people"s health.
D. They focused on the influence of greenery on health inequalities.
3. What advice would the researchers probably give according to the last paragraph?
A. More health information should be given to the public.
B. People should take more exercise every day.
C. More trees and grass should be planted in cities.
D. People should help to fight against health problems.
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. People should live in green areas.
B. Green spaces promote good health.
C. Income influences health less than environment.
D. Exercise in green areas benefits people a lot.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解 Living in a green area can make you live longer, according to research】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
India"s mobile users totaled 563.73 million at the last count,enough to serve nearly half of the country"s population.
But just 366 million people-around a third of the population-had access to proper sanitation (卫生设施) in 2008,said the study published by the UN University,a UN thinktank.
"It is a tragic irony (讽刺) to think in India,a country now wealthy enough that roughly half of the
people own phones,so many people cannot afford the basic necessity and quality of a toilet," said UN
University director Zafar Adeel.
Adeel heads the UN University"s Institute for Water,Environment and Health,based in the Canadian
city of Hamilton,which prepared the report.
Worldwide,an estimated 358 billion dollars is needed between now and 2015 to achieve the UN
Millennium Development Goal (MDG) of halving the proportion of people with inadequate (不充分的)
sanitation from 2000 levels.
"Proper sanitation could do more to save lives,especially those of young people,improve health and
help pull India and other countries in similar circumstances out of poverty than any alternative investment," Adeel said.
Poor sanitation is a major contributor to waterborne diseases (水传播疾病),which in the past three
years alone killed an estimated 4.5 million children under the age of five worldwide,according to the study.
The report gave a rough cost of 300 dollars to build a toilet,including labour,and materials.The world
could expect a return of up to 34 dollars for every dollar spent on sanitation through improved productivity and reduced poverty and health costs,said Adeel.He said improving sanitation was an economic and
humanitarian opportunity of historic proportions.
1. The population of India is about________.
A. less than 1 billion
B. about 1.2 billion
C. 900 million
D. 800 million
2. From Paragraph 4,we can draw a conclusion that________.
A. India is so poor that they can"t afford the basic necessity and quality of a toilet
B. a mobile phone is more important than a toilet
C. it"s normal in Indian that they can"t attach importance to toilets
D. Zafar Adeel wasn"t satisfied with the sanitary situation in India
3. Improving sanitation can play an important part in the following EXCEPT________.
A. preventing waterborne diseases
B. saving lives of young people
C. pulling developing countries out of poverty
D. improving the quality of mobile phone and getting more information
4. According to the last paragraph,if the government put into $10,000 on sanitation,they can get
a return of________.
A. $3,000,000
B. $10,000
C. $340,000
D. $10,200
The health of your oil can be related to how you use it too.
Each type of oil has what is called a "smoke point". The smoke point is the specific temperature at
which the oil starts to break down,or in more technical terms,its molecular structure begins to change.
These molecular changes result in changes in flavor,as well as changes in nutritional value-specifically,
the nutritional value of the oil starts to reduce,changing what once may have been considered an
especially healthy oil,like olive,into one that is unhealthy.
The higher an oil"s smoke point is,the higher the temperature of the oil can be.As a result,each type
of oil should be used for the cooking method that is most appropriate to its individual smoke point and
heat tolerance.Here is a quick guide for the next time you reach for your favorite oil.
| Heat During Cooking | Oil | Best Use |
| Low to Moderate | Coconut Corn Olive Peanut Sesame Walnut | Baking (low heat)Light Sauting Pressure Cooking Salads |
| Medium Heat | Macadamia Nut Safflower | Baking Sauting StirFrying |
| High Heat | Grapeseed Sunflower Soybean/Soy | Deep Browning DeepFrying |
| 阅读理解 | ||
Britain"s seed bank, the only one in the world aiming to collect all of the planet"s wild plant species, is quite important, scientists say.There are already many other seed banks safeguarding food crops, | ||
| 信息匹配 | ||
| A. Why do people turn to alternative energy? B. How do we use renewable energy? C. The sources of renewable energy. D. What is renewable energy? E. Where is the solar energy from? F. The advantages of renewable energy. | ||
| 1. When speaking about renewable energy, we are talking about power which derives its energy from resources which will not be diminished from the use. Renewable energy is a substitute for the nonrenewable energy of fossil fuel. 2. One fundamental advantage of renewable energy, and environmentalists" favorite reason to promote its use, is that there are no greenhouse gases or other pollutants give out as there are with the burning of fossil fuels. Renewable energy, or solar, water and wind power, are certainly not new although they have received much attention recently because they will not cause pollution. Environmental friendly power sources such as wind, solar and water power have been used in both developing and developed countries for a long time because they are cheap and clean, but they have yet to be used as a primary source of energy for any big urban area. 3. The generation of power from renewable energy sources has become somewhat more common in recent times as people have increasingly become aware of issues such as climate change due to fossil fuel byproducts and the political or social worries about nuclear power. There are numerous countries and nonprofit, environmentally conscious organizations that are supporting the use  of renewable energy. 4. The flow of renewable energy has to do with naturally occurring phenomena. Tides, sunlight, wind and heat are all created by geothermal events and all are sources of energy has unique characteristics related to where and how we can use them. 5. Most technology which transforms renewable energy into power which we can use is solar power either directly or indirectly. The atmospheric system of the earth keeps balance so that the heat which spreads out into space is equal to the amount of radiation received from the sun. The quantity of energy contained in the atmosphere approximates the earth" s climate. The bodies of water of the earth, or its hydrosphere, absorb much of the radiation which is received from the sun. And much of that absorbed radiation is i  n the lower latitudes surroun ding the equator. | ||
| 阅读理解。 | ||
| For the people living in the Nile Basin, the river is their life.This 6,825 km waterway, whose watershed (流域) covers three million square kilometers, flows through mountains, woodlands, lakes and deserts. Its potential for fishing, tourism and shipping is great-but so are its challenges. Water shortage, already serious in Egypt and Sudan, will soon influence several other countries in the watershed as well.Today, about 160 million people depend on the Nile River for their living. Within the next 25 years, the district"s population is expected to double, adding to the demand brought about by growth in industry and agriculture. The frequent drought (干旱) adds to the urgency. Water quality is also a problem. Precious soil is washed out to sea.Wastes from industry and agriculture create pollution. Higher concentrations of salt influence irrigated soils. Waterborne diseases continue unchecked. In areas where it"s hot and damp, water hyacinths choke off lakes, dams and other sections of the river, making it difficult for fishing and other businesses to move forward. Native people along the narrow area of farmland have watched the sand move closer day by day. They"ve seen the river change course, and their only source (来源) of water thickened with mud. They"re very poor and have few choices. But a new program, the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI), is offering very practical assistance. The program is more than just a watermanagement project. It"s a plan for the social and economic development of a vast district: it concentrates on the needs of the poorest of the poor and the environment that supports them. These are whole ecosystem problems, calling for united solutions (解决办法). Half the Nile Basin"s countries are among the world"s poorest nations; yet, somehow, they must find the resources, skills and political will to overcome these challenges. | ||
| 1. What are the great challenges the Nile Basin faces? | ||
| A. The development of shipping industry. B. Overfishing of native people. C. Water shortage and water quality. D. Increasing population and tourism. | ||
| 2. The underlined word "hyacinths" ( in Paragraph 3 ) refers to "_____". | ||
| A. animals B. plants C. rocks D. salts | ||
| 3. The program NBI is mainly aimed at _____. | ||
| A. preventing water pollution B. changing the river course C. improving living conditions of the poor D. preventing land from becoming desert | ||
| 4. What would be the best title of this passage? | ||
| A. People"s Life in Egypt and Sudan B. Frequent Drought in Egypt and Sudan C. The Poorest Countries in the Nile Basin D. The Ecosystem Problems in the Nile Basin |