题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Your bedroom should be shaped to your taste and to allow you to sleep in a peaceful environment. One of the biggest mistakes people make in their sleep is to use their bedroom for activities other than sleep. If your bedroom also functions as a command station for your life and work, the likelihood of your sleeping being poor is rather high. Bedrooms should be designed, decorated and used for mainly sleep. TVs, computers and other things should not be in your bedroom if at all possible.
Establishing regular sleeping and waking times can help improve the quality of your sleep especially for those suffering from sleeplessness. Avoid hot food, caffeine, sugar and alcohol at least 4 to 6 hours before your sleep time. Develop a regular exercise program. Proper exercise and nutrition will help improve sleeping patterns. However, avoid exercising 2 hours before sleeping, since this may stimulate your body and make sleeping more difficult.
Establish a pre-bedtime rule that will help focus you on sleep. You can try meditation（沉思）,reading or deep breathing and relaxation. Your bedtime rule should be yours. Do not worry about it fitting into a specific category. Do what is the best for you.
Things such as room temperature, noise and light levels and even your bed mattress can have a lot of effect on the quality of sleep that you experience. Block out distracting noises and lights. You are in your bedroom to sleep and not be distracted by environmental interferences（干扰）.
小题1: According to the author, ________.
| A．the bedroom has many functions than expected |
| B．the bedroom is better used for sleep |
| C．computers can make people sleep fast |
| D．amusements are forbidden in the bedroom by law |
| A．a well- designed bedroom is important to you |
| B．you’d better have steady sleeping and waking time |
| C．cold food and sugar are good for you |
| D．you need proper exercise and nutrition |
| A．Alcohol can produce troubled sleep. |
| B．Anytime taking exercises does good to sleep |
| C．What nourishes the body can improve sleeping patterns |
| D．taking a deep breath can calm you down |
| A．a good sleep environment contributes to good sleep. |
| B．blinding lights can make for a good sleep. |
| C．bed mattress plays a key part in sleep. |
| D．distracted people are sleepless. |
答案
小题1: B
小题1:B
小题1:B
小题1:A
解析
小题1:细节理解题。根据文章第二段的第二句话可知人们错误的认为在卧室可以进行除了睡眠以外的活动，所以要想睡眠质量好，卧室最好用于睡眠。
小题1:细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句可知确定有规律的睡眠、起床时间很重要，尤其是对睡眠不好的人，故选答案B。
小题1:细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的尾句可知避免睡眠两个小时之前运动，因为那样会使人失眠。
小题1:主旨大意题。文章最后一段谈到了睡眠和周围环境的关系，室温、噪音、床垫等都会影响人的睡眠，所以说好的睡眠环境有利于良好的睡眠。
核心考点
试题【 All people need to sleep. Sleep is a necessary process that promotes proper bod】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
When cartoon book characters like the Incredible Hulk get angry, they change colours and often gain special power. In the real world, anger is less obvious and may be more dangerous. That’s why Professor Fred Luskin, founder of the Stanford Forgiveness Project and author of Forgive for Good, says holding on to anger and hatred can harm your physical and mental health. Two new studies seem to show the same idea.
The studies find that people who are able to forgive feel less stress, less back pain, and less depression. They also have fewer headaches, lower blood pressure, and fewer problems on sleeping.
So it doesn’t matter if your anger is caused by the traffic or other things. Learning to let it go is important. Techniques such as deep breath or thought can help. Or just ask yourself if it’s worth hurting yourself by staying angry with someone else.
Forgiveness does not mean that you simply accept what happened and say it’s OK. Instead, it’s a way of making peace with yourself about what happened in the past.
小题1: The author of the passage tries to make his viewpoint clear ______.
| A．by raising his own examples | B．based on his own experience |
| C．by mentioning some studies | D．by mentioning some typical patients |
| A．support the viewpoint that anger and hatred harm physical and mental health |
| B．introduce a famous expert |
| C．let the reader know the different colours of cartoon faces |
| D．show how to control one’s temper |
| A．removing | B．keeping up | C．getting rid of | D．learning about |
| A．People who are able to forgive feel less stress. |
| B．People who are able to forgive feel less depression. |
| C．People who are able to forgive have fewer problems on sleeping. |
| D．People who are able to forgive feel less tired. |
| A．Forgiveness | B．Forgiveness Is Good for Health |
| C．A Secret to Keeping Health | D．Anger Is Bad for Health |
hree grams less a day would af
fect heart disease in the United States.The result: thirteen percent fewer heart attacks. Eight percent fewer strokes. Four percent fewer deaths. Eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease. And two hundred forty billion dollars in health care savings.
Researchers found it could prevent one hundred thousand heart attacks and ninety-two thousand deaths every year.
The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten, at the University of California, was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams, or one-half teaspoon, less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia University.
Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodium, which is how foods may list their salt content.
The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day. The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies, while blood pressures have also risen. Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure.
New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative. The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants.
Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas, like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children"s Research Institute shows how that idea can influence what parents order for their children.
Ninety-nine parents of three to six year olds took part. Half had McDonald"s menus clearly showing how many calories were in each food. The other half got menus without the calorie information.
小题1: How many heart attacks will occur in the US every year？
| A．nearly 800,000. | B．24,000. |
| C．100,000. | D．92,000. |
| A．Americans ate no more than 5 grams of salt per day in the 1970s |
| B．the American Heart Association suggest less than 3 grams of salt every day |
| C．a reduction in salt in the diet helps lower blood pressure |
| D．all the heart diseases result from eating more salt |
| A．advise Americans to eat less salt |
| B．put pressure on food companies and restaurants |
| C．require fast food places to list calorie information |
| D．attract the public attention to the problem |
| A．strokes | B．heart attacks |
| C．blood pressures | D．stomach diseases |
| A．Less salt can mean more life |
| B．Prevent heart attacks and deaths |
| C．The National Salt Reduction Initiative |
| D．Americans should eat less salt |
The five leading causes are bleeding, infection, high blood pressure, longtime labor and bad abortions (流产). Mothers" deaths from such causes were largely reduced nearly a century ago in developed countries.
Experts say that what kill many women are “the three delays”— the woman"s delay in deciding to go to the hospital, the time she loses traveling there and the hospital"s delay in starting treatment. Only about 15 percent of births have dangerous complications(并发症)．
Women lack education and information about birth control. Husbands and inlaws, may decide where a woman gives birth and insist that she stay at home to save money. However, there is no single solution to a problem with so many factors—shortages of doctors, nurses, drugs, equipment, roads and t
ransportation—though hospital officials are trying many things now.One stopgap measure to solve the problem for the present has been to train assistant medical officers, to perform certain operations. Some African countries
are now struggling to train more assistants and midwives (接生婆) , and provide places for pregnant women to stay near hospitals.But there is a long way to go. Only 20 percent of women in the continent give birth at the hospital. More than 50 percent stay at home to give birth, and the rest go to local clinics that cannot handle emergencies.
小题1:Which is not included in the five leading causes of women"s deaths during pregnancy and childbirth?
| A．Infection. | B．High blood pressure. |
| C．Traveling long distances. | D．Bleeding. |
| A．final | B．temporary | C．effective | D．instant |
| A．The governments of African countries have to take more effective measures to save pregnant women. |
| B．Developed countries should help African countries reduce mothers"deaths. |
| C．The husbands in poor countries should take responsibility for their wives"deaths. |
| D．Most problems that cause women"s deaths during pregnancy and childbirth can be treated or prevented. |
| A．Positive. | B．Negative. | C．Objective. | D．Subjective. |
The change will not affect the taste or the number of calories in the food. But by changing the cooking oil, McDonald’s says, it hopes to cut by nearly half the amount of trans fatty acids (转换脂肪酸) in French fries and reduce the amount of saturated fats(饱和脂肪) by 16 percent. Scientists believe that trans fatty acids and saturated fats raise cholesterol(胆固醇) levels and increase the risk of heart disease.
McDonald’s new step is important because McDonald’s is an industry leader and other fast-food chains and food processors may follow the lead.
For McDonald’s ,the action comes at a time when Americans are becoming more and more concerned about; obesity (肥胖) and are increasing pressure on food companies to offer healthy and nutritious (有营养的) food to consumers.
After three years of study, McDonald’s officials say they are switching oil that is lower in saturated fats and trans fatty acids. McDonald’s says the change will not cause higher price for consumers.
Though there is some change, scientists say that the amount of trans fat in foods at McDonald’s and at other fast-food companies is still important.
小题1:More than 13,000 McDonald’s restaurants in America will use a new kind of cooking oil to ______________.
| A．lower the costs of the products |
| B．maker its food taste hatter than ever before |
| C．cure (治愈) the heart disease |
| D．do good to the health of consumers |
| A．turning on | B．turning off | C．changing | D．studying |
| A．McDonald’s is a pioneer in food products |
| B．McDonald’s is enlarging its restaurants in the world |
| C．fried foods can’t keep up with the development of modem society |
| D．McDonald’s is to use new cooking oil |
| A．the prices of McDonald’s foods will be a tot higher |
| B．consumers will find the taste of McDonald’s foods different |
| C．many other food companies will do what McDonald’s does |
| D．obesity will disappear in American society sooner or later |
Vitamin D is produced naturally by the skin in response to(对…的反应) sunlight and may help to slow the ageing process and protect against heart disease, according to the study.
Researchers from King’s College London studied 2,160 women aged between 18 and 79, looking at their telomeres--- a biological marker of ageing found in DNA. As people get older, their telomeres get shorter and they become more susceptible(易受伤害的) to certain illnesses.
But the study found women with high levels of vitamin D had comparatively longer telomeres--- a sign of being biologically younger and healthier.
The study suggests vitamin D may help to slow down the ageing process of DNA, and therefore the ageing process as a whole.
Lead researcher Dr Brent Richards said, “These results are exciting because they show for the first time that people who have higher levels of vitamin D may age more slowly than people with lower levels of vitamin D.” This could help to explain how vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related diseases, such as heart disease and cancer.”
Professor Tim Spector, a co-author of the report, added, “Although it might sound absurd
(荒唐的), it’s possible that the same sunshine which may increase our risk of skin cancer may also have a healthy effect on the general ageing process.”
Vitamin D made by the action of sunlight on the skin accounts for 90 percent of the body’s supply, but lower levels can also be got through food such as fish, eggs and breakfast cereals(粥).
Other studies have suggested the vitamin plays a key role in protecting against cancer and heart disease.
小题1: A certain amount of sunshine helps people stay young because _____.
| A．people feel happy and energetic in the sun |
| B．sunshine protects people against heart disease |
| C．vitamin D makes one’s skin look young and healthy |
| D．vitamin D may help to slow the ageing process |
| A．sunlight causes skin cancer to people with high level of vitamin D |
| B．the study generally has a healthy effect on the general ageing process |
| C．vitamin D can only be got from fish, eggs and breakfast cereals |
| D．the higher levels of vitamin D people have, the more slowly people may age |
A. Telomeres are important signs of ageing of the DNA.
B. Sunlight can be dangerous as it causes skin cancer.
C. Sunlight does a great deal of good to our health.
D. Vitamin D can also be gained from food.
小题4: What is the best title of the passage?
| A．Secret of Staying Young |
| B．Vitamin D Helps Slow Ageing |
| C．Sunlight and Vitamin D |
| D．Sunlight and Health |
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