题目
题型：湖北省期末题难度：来源：
couldn"t be solved the night before can often appear more manageable, although the evidence until now
has been anecdotal (个人体验的).But researchers at the University of Luebek in Germany have designed
an experiment that shows a good night"s sleep can improve insight (顿悟) and problem-solving.
"If you have some newly-got memories in your brain, sleep acts on these memories" restructures them,
so that after sleep the insight into problem which you could not solve before increases," said Dr Jan Born,
a neuroscientist (神经科学家), at the university. To test the theory, they taught volunteers two simple
rules to help them turn a string of numbers into a new order. There was also a third, hidden rule, which
could help them increase their speed in solving the problem. The researchers divided the volunteers into
two groups: half were allowed to sleep after the training while the rest were forced to stay awake. Dr Jan
Born and his team noticed that the group that had slept after the training were twice as likely to figure out
the third rule as the other group."Sleep helped," Born said in a telephone interview. "The important thing is
that you have to have a memory representation in your brain of the problem you want to solve and then
you sleep, so it can act on the problem." But Born admitted that he and his team don"t know how
restructuring of memories occurs or what governs it. Pierre Maquet and Perrine Ruby of the University of
Liege in Belgium said the experimental evidence supports the anecdotal suggestions that sleep can help
develop creative thinking. Although the role of sleep in human creativity will still be a mystery, the research
gives people good reason to fully respect their periods of sleep, they added.
B. to get as much sleep as possible
C. to go on sleeping without being disturbed
D. to sleep till after the time you usually get up in the morning
B. interview
C. survey
D. imagination
B. sleep is the only way to solve hard problems
C. people have various periods of sleep
D. people know how sleep reconstructs memories
B. Sleep Helps Solve Problems
C. No Evidence, But Well Founded
D. Born"s Discovery On Sleep
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Advice to "sleep on it" could be well founded, scientists say. After a】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
of Seasonal Affective Disorder(SAD), is as much a part of the reason as hats and scarves (围巾).
Winter serious SAD sufferers may need medical treatment. Those feeling a little blue can help themselves
by sticking to a healthy lifestyle. Here are some tips:
Pace yourself. Don"t expect to do everything you normally can. Set a realistic schedule. Don"t listen to
negative thinking, like blaming yourself or expecting to fail.
Get involved in activities that make you feel good or feel like you"ve achieved something. For example,
play table tennis or badminton.
If you are feeling depressed, you may feel like staying away from friends. Yet this is a time when a
friend"s support can be helpful. Call them regularly. Remember, the more we put off calling or visiting a
friend, the harder it is to rebuild a friendship.
Think clearly about what"s wrong or right. Instead of giving in to vague feelings of sadness, look at
your problems objectively. Break down problems into specific issues that you can work on.
Regular exercise helps to prevent and ease depression.
Eat well. Studies show that a healthy diet can help to maintain(keep) a healthy body and mind. The
vitamins, minerals and micro-nutrients found in a balanced diet may help our bodies to produce feel-good
hormones (荷尔蒙).Foods containing chemicals to help produce feel-good hormones include bananas,
turkey, nuts and seeds. Eat at least five pieces of fruit and vegetables every day. P.S.Symptoms (症状)
of SAD: No interests or pleasure in things you used to enjoy Increased need for sleep A change in eating
habits, especially an appetite for sweet or starchy (含淀粉的) foods Weight gain A heavy feeling in the
arms or legs A drop in energy level Difficulty in concentrating Overly emotional Avoidance of friends and
social situations Frequent feelings of guilt Long-term feelings of hopelessness, and physical problems, such
as headaches
B. hats and scarves are as important as SAD
C. everyone of us meets SAD in winter
D. we are blue mainly because of short days in winter
B. we should wear hats and scarves in winter
C. a healthy lifestyle prevents us from serious SAD
D. staying away from friends makes us depressed
B. make a practical plan
C. expect to succeed in nothing
D. think something of guilt
B. if we give up to unclear feelings of sadness, we"ll be caught in the SAD
C. playing table tennis helps us achieve whatever we want
D. feel-good hormones from a balanced diet can help keep a healthy body
your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.
If you say to your children "I am sorry I got angry with you, but .."what follows that"s but" can make the
apology ineffective. "I had a bad day" or "your noise was giving me a headache" leaves the person who has
been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.
Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say "I"m sorry you"re
upset"; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person
has done.
Then there is the general, all-covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that
was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again.
Saying "I"m useless as a parent" does not commit a person to any specific improvement.
These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish
to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-
apologies.
But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition (悔悟), children still need help to become
aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children
feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-
year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children"s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old
might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing
a parent"s clothes without permission is not.
B. complicated
C. cautious
D. various
B. it is not necessary
C. it is neither clear nor effective
D. it is hurtful and insulting
B. parents should be patient and tolerant
C. the significance of it should be involved
D. their ages should be taken into account
B. a big problem faced by every family
C. a sign of social progress
D. not as simple as it seems
Athens Olympic 110m hurdle champion Liu Xiang felt so relieved to return to racetrack after getting
out of the great number of social activities.
Liu arrived in hometown Shanghai Wednesday night and was about to resume training shortly after.
"I am so exhausted (疲惫的)from so many social activities, which made me even more tired than
training," said the 21-year-old Liu, who wrote a new chapter in China"s Olympic history by winning the
country"s first ever athletics short-distance running title in the men"s 110m hurdles (栏) in Athens in August.
"I am happy that I will resume my training soon back in Shanghai," said the Shanghai native. He turned
into an instant national hero with the Olympic glory (荣誉,光荣) and one of the most popular Olympic gold
medalists, taking part in scores of celebration activities since he returned to China early September.
"My regular training has been interrupted for such a long time that I think I can only run at about 13.5
seconds now," said Liu, who clocked a world record-tying time of 12.91 to clinch the title.
"I would rather forget what I have achieved in the past and try my best to realize a higher goal," he said.
Liu already missed the Berlin Golden League Series on Sunday and won"t be able to catch the IAAF
Grand Prix final slated for September 18-19 in Monaco. He plans on attending an IAAF all-star tournament
in Japan at the end of this month.
B. Liu Xiang"s resumption to the racetrack
C. dream of Liu Xiang
D. Liu Xiang"s high aim
B. Liu Xiang will win Golden League Series on Sunday
C. Liu Xiang wasn"t good at social activities
D. Liu Xiang was refreshed after so many social activities
B. glad
C. worried
D. disappointed
B. Liu Xiang has missed two races because of his social activities.
C. Liu Xiang has made up his mind to stop his social activities.
D. Liu Xiang has deserted his present career.
Colours are really made by reflected (反射) light. We see colour because most of the things reflect light.
Something is red, for it reflects most of the red light. In the same way, if something is green, it reflects most
of the green light. If something reflects all light, it is white. If it doesn"t reflect any light, it is black.
Some of the light is reflected and some is taken in (吸收) and turned into (变成)heat (热能).The darder
the colour is, the less light is reflected, the more light is taken in. So dard-coloured (深色的) clothes are
warmer in the sun than light-coloured clothes.
B. see its heat.
C. not see its colour
D. see nothing
B. no light
C. all light
D. most light
B. less light
C. more colour
D. less colour
B. red-coloured clothes
C. green-coloured clothes
D. light-coloured clothes
B. Colour
C. Heat
D. Clothes
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
注意：每空格1个单词。
Many Americans have parties at home and invite all their friends. Many of these events are noisy. People shout
and sing. They often blow on small noisemakers when the New Year arrives at midnight. They kiss their husband or
wife or the person they are with. They dance to music. Other Americans spend a quiet evening at home.They drink
Champagne at midnight to welcome the New Year.
Some people drink too much alcohol at New Year"s Eve celebrations.This can lead to tragic results if a person
drinks too much and then drives a car. The National Safety Council says hundreds of people die in road accidents
during the holiday.
In recent years,the danger of accidents has resulted in a new tradition called the"designated driver" One person
among a group of friends drinks little or no alcohol during New Year"s Eve celebrations. Then this designated driver
can safely drive the other people home. Many American cities also offer free taxi service on New Year"s Eve to take
people home safely.
Other Americans observe the coming of the New Year at events without alcohol.More than 220 American cities
hold these First Night celebrations. Artists in Boston Massachusetts started the tradition of First Night celebrations.
In 1976.They wanted to observe the coming of a New Year. But they did not want to hold noisy drinking parties. So
they organized music concerts, art exhibitions and other events to observe the holiday.
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