题目
题型:安徽省同步题难度:来源:
category in China’s world of fine arts.Through the centuries Chinese characters have changed constantly
and are mainly divided into five categories today:the seal script(zhuan shu),official script(li shu),regular
script(kai shu),running script(xing shu)and cursive script(cao shu).
Calligraphy involves a great deal of theory and requires many skills.Among the most outstanding
calligraphers in ancient China were Wang Xizhi,Ouyang Xun,Yan Zhenqing,and Liu Gongquan,who are
known for pioneering their own styles.
In writing calligraphy,one will need a brush,paper,an ink stick and an ink stone,commonly referred to
as the “Four Treasures of the Study”.There are different types of brushes.White goat hair,black rabbit hair and yellow weasel hair brushes are the main ones.According to their function,brushes are classified into
three groups:hard,soft and medium.Brush sticks are usually made of bamboo,wood,or porcelain;ivory or
jade sticks are rare and precious.
The ink stick is a unique pigment used for Chinese traditional painting and calligraphy.The most famous
ink stick is hui mo(Anhui ink stick),made from pines that grow on Huangshan Mountain in Anhui Province.Clean water is needed to grind the ink stick.Press the ink stick hard and rub it lightly,slowly and evenly
against the ink slab to make thick,liquid ink.
While paper comes in many varieties,Xuan paper, produced in Xuanzhou(today’s Anhui Province),is
considered the best for Chinese calligraphy.The paper is soft and fine textured,suitable for conveying the
artistic expression of both Chinese calligraphy and painting.With a good tensile strength and moth proof
quality,the paper can be preserved for a long time.
Ink stones or ink slabs have been classified into three categories:Duan,She and Tao.Features common
to all three are hardness and fineness.Although the stone is hard and fine,it is not dry or slippery.Using a
hard and smooth stone,liquid ink can be produced easily by rubbing the ink stick against the stone.
By handling the brush and ink skillfully and carefully,the artist can produce an infinite variety of
calligraphic styles and forms.
答案
6. Material 7. soft 8. pines 9. long 10. features
核心考点
试题【阅读理解认真阅读下列短文,根据所读内容在文章后表格中填入恰当的单词。注意:表格中每个空格只填1个词。 The history of Chinese c】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
"fat little hands". Nor does he "sit well or firmly on the horse". He is said to be "undersized", with
"short legs" and a "round stomach". The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy"s description-it
seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts: other things that could be
said of the man are not said. We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander
in the body of a fat little Frenchman. Tolstoy"s Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets
and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his nose-and that is the point.
It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character. And it turns out that,as
Tolstoy has it,Napoleon is a crazy man. In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace,the wars having
reached the critical year of 1812,Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar (沙皇) ,who has
come with peace terms. Napoleon is very angry:doesn"t he have more army? He,not the Tsar,is the
one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped. "That is what you will have
gained by engaging me in the war!" he shouts. And then, Tolstoy writes,Napoleon "walked silently
several times up and down the room,his fat shoulders moving quickly".
Still later, after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds,Napoleon invites the shaken Russian
to dinner."He raised his hand to the Russian"s... face," Tolstoy writes,and "taking him by the ear pulled
it gently. . . ". To have one"-s ear pulled by the Emperor was considered thegreatest honor and mark
of favor at the French court."Well,well,why don"t you say anything?" said he,as if it was ridiculous in his
presence to respect any one but himself, Napoleon.
Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own.
B. based on the Russian history
C. based on his selection of facts
D. not related to historical details
B. the Tsar"s peace terms were hard to accept
C. the Russians stopped his military movement
D. he didn"t have any more army to fight with
B. To show agreement with him
C. To say something about the Tsar.
D. To express his admiration.
B. fond of showing off his iron will
C. determined in destroying all of Europe
D. crazy for power and respect
B. A writer may write about a hero in his own way.
C. A writer may not be responsible for what he writes.
D. A writer has hardly any freedom to show his feelings.
even for those who scoff (嘲笑) at superstition (迷信), Chinese New Year customs can bring a welcome sense of renewal to a seemingly endless winter.
1. Clean Your House
The Chinese make sure to sweep every corner of a room to rid their homes ghosts and bad luck
associated with the old year. If negative spirits don"t hide in your living room, chances are a layer of dust
and grime (污垢) from dry heat and slushy (有泥有雪的) boots does. Get a jump on your spring
cleaning while the weather outside"s still frightful enough to keep you stuck indoors
2. Get a Mini Makeover
In China, it"s customary to get a haircut and new clothes for the new year. The idea is that with a new
look, bad spirits won"t recognize a person and follow them into the new year.
3. Make Apologies
Carrying grudges (怨恨) into the new year is a no-go according to Chinese tradition, so differences
with family, friends, and associates must be settled before New Year"s Eve. If your shoulders are
sagging(向下凹,下陷) from the weight of a grudge or two, take the initiative to resolve them.
4. Pay Off Your Debts
Like grudges, old debts are a bad omen (预兆) for a new year. No matter which calendar you follow,
there"s no time like the present to settle any outstanding accounts and repay loans from friends and
relatives.
5. Spend Time With Your Family
In China, offices and stores close down for Chinese New Year and people spend days travelling to
their hometowns to reconnect with family, feast, and simply enjoy the company of their loved ones.
B. bring happiness to Chinese people
C. imply the ending of the winter
D. are neglected by many people
B. find out the bad spirits in the rooms
C. clean up all the dust and grime
D. keep away the bad weather
B. You will be looked down upon.
C. You will be seen as lack of good luck.
D. You will be followed by a bad guy.
B. Have family union.
C. Share debts.
D. Set goals.
used steam engine. He had no way of telling people exactly how powerful it was, for at that time there
were no units for measuring power.
Watt decided to find out how much work one strong horse could do in one minute. He called that unit
one horsepower. With this unit he could measure the work his steam engine could do.
He discovered that a horse could lift a 3,300-pound weight 10 feet into the air in one minute. His
engine could lift a 3,300 pound weight 100 feet in one minute.
Because his engine did ten times as much work as the horse, Watt called it a ten-horsepower engine.
B. engine
C. steam engine
D. bus
B. to show how useful his steam engine was
C. to tell people exactly how powerful his steam engine was
D. to measure the weight of his steam engine
B. what one strong horse can do in one minute
C. what one horse can do in a day
D. what work one horse can do as much as possible
B. Watt decided to make the world"s first widely used horse engine
C. He wanted to find a way to tell people exactly how powerful his engine was
D. to measure the weight of his steam engine
B. Watt"s steam engine
C. A ten-horsepower engine
D. The beginning of horsepower
March 16,2007 August 30,2007
Charles Wilson Peale"s George Washington at Princeton is on view(展览) at the museum which
was lent from a private collection. This visually striking and finely made life-size portrait(肖像)records
Washington"s 6-foot-2-inch figure in a pose highlighting strength, composure(沉着), and elegance
(高雅). It is put up in a room neighboring to the Powel House parlor(客厅), a period room from one
of Philadelphia"s greatest eighteenth-century private homes, where Washington was frequently
entertained by his friends, Samuel and Elizabeth Powel. Both spaces contain important examples
of furniture by Philadelphia"s finest craftsmen, such as Thomas Affleck and Aitken. Among these is
a side chair specially ordered by the Washingtons when living in Philadelphia.
Painted in Philadelphia in 1779, Peal"s painting was immediately sent to Europe to promote
Washington"s reputation as a leader and the cause of the American Revolution, then in progress. Later,
during Europe"s Napoleonic Wars, a Spanish duke(公爵) with strong sympathies with American
Revolution owned the picture. At that time he added the complicated carved caption(标题) to it,
which describes Washington as "a liberator of his country who abandoned absolute power."
Curators馆长,监护人
American Art Department Staff, website commentary by Carol Soltis
Location位子
Galleries 286 and 287, second floor.
B. the cause of the American Revolution
C. the friendship between Washington and his friends
D. the description of the life of George Washington
B. Room for Revolution.
C. George Washington and His Philadelphia friends.
D. George Washington at Princeton
B. Washington made a chair on his own.
C. Charles Wilson Peale finished the portrait.
D. Samuel and Elizabeth Powel met Washington a lot.
B. ordered the portrait painted in 1779
C. was sympathized by a Spanish duke
D. was a great man not greedy for power
B. the portrait was originally hanging in Samuel"s room
C. the portrait was sent to Europe to gain support from Napoleon
D. the caption of the portrait was carved by Philadelphia’s finest craftsmen.
阅读理解。
doing this because of gas prices, a slowing economy and concerns about the environment. Andy
Clark is the executive director of the League of American Bicyclists. His group supports bicycling
for fun, fitness and transportation.
Mister Clark says this is good news for the environment. He says riding a bicycle to work does
not burn fossil fuel or create dangerous pollutants. Experts say the effects are the most important on
short trips. The Department of Transportation says fifty percent of Americans drive eight kilometers
or fewer to work. Shorter car trips release more pollution into the air for each kilometer driven. This
is because the device in a car that produces the harmfulness of emissions needs to warm up before it
can work well.
Last year, the Pacific Northwest city of Portland, Oregon, had the highest percentage of bicycle
commuters(通勤者) in the United States. Portland has been doing progressive city planning for many
years to create special paths for bike riders.
Andrew Land is one of Portland"s citizens who bikes to work every day. Mister Land is thirty-three
years old and has never owned a car. He has biked to work for twelve years. Before moving to
Portland six years ago, he lived in Washington D.C. But he was hit by a car twice while biking to
work there. That has not happened in Portland where there are special; roads for bicycles. Mister
Land bought a house near these special bike lanes. He rides almost five kilometers to work each day
. He also uses the sixty-four kilometer bike path around the city.
Andrew Land rides a cyclocross bike. He says it combines the best parts of a racing bike and a
mountain bike. You might say that Andrew Land is " into bikes". He recently attended a show of
handmade bicycle frames (结构). It was organized by thirty bicycle frame builders in Portland. And
he attended a legal rights workshop for bicyclists.
each kilometer driven"?
B. Shorter trip cars are usually bad ones
C. Shorter trip cars waste too much fuel
D. Shorter trip car drivers are not skilled
B. The people in Portland are very poor
C. The traffic in Portland is very good
D. Cars are not allowed to run in Portland
B. Because there were no special paths for bike riders
C. Because the road there was too crowded
D. Because he just did it for fun
B. He lives in a house made from bikes
C. he likes to run into bikes
D. He is good at making bikes
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