题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Language is the most astonishing behavior in the animal kingdom. It is the species-typical behavior that sets humans completely 36 from all other animals. Language is a means of 37 , but it is much more than that. Many animals can 38 . The dance of the honeybee communicates the location of flowers 39 other members of the hive (蜂群). But human language permits communication about anything, 40 things like unicorns (独角兽) that have never existed. The key 41 in the fact that different words can be 42 together in different ways, according to 43 to communicate different meanings.
Language is the most important learning we do. Nothing can 44 humans so much as our ability to communicate abstract 45 , whether about the university, the mind, love, dreams, or ordering a drink. It is an extremely complex 46 that we take for granted. Indeed, we are not aware of most 47 of our speech and understanding. Consider what happens when one person is speaking to 48 . The speaker has to translate thoughts into 49 language. Brain imaging studies suggest that the time from thoughts to the 50 of speech is extremely fast. Only 0.04 seconds! The listener must hear the sounds to 51 what the speaker means. He must use the sounds of speech to 52 the spoken words, understand the pattern of 53 of the words (sentences), and finally 54 the meaning. This takes somewhat longer, a minimum of about 0.5 seconds. But once started, it is of course a(n) 55 process.
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:A
小题5:C
小题6:D
小题7:B
小题8:A
小题9:C
小题10:B
小题11:C
小题12:A
小题13:B
小题14:D
小题15:C
小题16:D
小题17:A
小题18:B
小题19:D
小题20:C
解析
试题分析：文章大意：本文讲述的是，人类区别于其他物种的典型行为--语言。第一段开门见山，指出语言的独特性，与其他动物的交流的不同之处。第二段详细说明了语言的工作机制。
小题1:考查固定短语。set...apart from...将......与......分开。语言，这种物种典型行为将人类与其他物种区分开来。故选A。
小题2:考查名词辨析。语言是一种交流的工具，但又不仅仅是用来交流的。A广告；B交流；C发现；D发明。故选B。
小题3:考查动词辨析。语言这种典型行为不仅仅是用于交流的，许多动物也能交流。A转移，换乘；B移动；C表达；D交流。故选D。
小题4:考查介词辨析。蜜蜂通过舞蹈来告诉蜂群中的其它同伴鲜花的位置。to可以表示方向，翻译为“给”；故选A。
小题5:考查副词辨析。人类语言能够交流任何事物，甚至根本不存在的独角兽。根据句意可知，此处表示递进，故选C。
小题6:考查短语辨析。关键在于，不同的词可以根据不同的方法组合在一起。lie in存在于......；故选D。
小题7:考查动词辨析。不同的词可以根据不同的方法组合在一起。be joined together被结合在一起；故选B。
小题8:考查名词辨析。根据（有关）规则，把不同的词组合起来，表达不同的意思。scales比例；laws法律，原理；standards标准；rules规则，惯例；故选A。
小题9:考查动词辨析。没有什么能像语言一样，能（明确）定义人类表达抽象想法的能力。A结合；B包含；C定义；D声称，宣布。故选C。
小题10:考查名词辨析。人类特有的能力之一就是，能够把思考后的想法表达出来。A活动；B想法；C效果；D机会。abstract thoughts抽象的想法，故选B。
小题11:考查名词辨析。表达头脑中的想法，是一个极其复杂的过程，A期望；B进步；C进程，过程；D生产。take ...for granted想当然。故选C。
小题12:考查名词辨析。我们也不完全了解我们讲话和理解（的机制）的各个方面。A方面；B抽象概念；C角度；D假设。故选A。
小题13:考查代词。A任何人；B另一个；C其它；D每个人。another泛指三者以上的另一个；other后加名词复数；故选B。
小题14:考查名词短语。说话者需要把想法转换成口语。Spoken language口语，故选D。
小题15:考查动名词。脑成像研究表明，从想法到话语的开始，这种转换所用的时间很短。故选C。
小题16:考查短语辨析。听者必须听清说话者发出的声音，才能理解他说的是什么。A扑灭；B记下；C使停下；D计算出，弄明白。故选D。
小题17:考查动词辨析。听者必须利用听到的声音来识别出所传递的单词。A识别；B定位；C揭示；D发现。故选A。
小题18:考查名词辨析。听者需要理解单词的组织类型或句子类型。A表演，表现；B组织；C设计；D展现。故选B。
小题19:考查动词辨析。听者在识别出词汇，理解词汇的组织类型之后，最终整理得出意思。A调整；B证明；C释放；D解释，口译。故选D。
小题20:考查形容词辨析。理解说话者的意思的整个过程，大约花费0.5秒，此过程一旦开始，就会变为一个持续的过程。A缓慢的；B有趣的；C持续的；D严重的。故选C。
核心考点
试题【阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Language is the most a】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house disused for years.
Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.
Today the “Fringe”, once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big.
A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.
小题1:What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?
| A．To bring Europe together again. |
| B．To honor heroes of World War 11. |
| C．To introduce young theatre groups. |
| D．To attract great artists from Europe. |
| A．They owned a public house there. |
| B．They came to take up a challenge. |
| C．They thought they were also famous. |
| D．They wanted to take part in the festival. |
| A．they owned a public house there |
| B．University students. |
| C．Artists from around the world. |
| D．Performers of music and dance. |
| A．has become a non-official event |
| B．has gone beyond an art festival |
| C．gives shows all year round |
| D．keeps growing rapidly |
小题1:This story is about New Year’s Eve in_______
| A．Italy | B．Spain |
| C．Japan | D．All of the above |
| A．eating grapes | B．eating noodles |
| C．throwing the old things | D．watching the sunrise |
| A．throw things away | B．get together |
| C．eat some food | D．climb a mountain |
| A．look at the stars | B．look for New Year’s wishes |
| C．see the sun coming up | D．have a rest |
| A．Japan | B．China | C．Spain | D．Italy |
Certainly! there are some differences between British and American English. ‘There are a few differences in grammar. For example, speakers of British English say “in hospital” and “Have you a pen?” Americans say “in the hospital!” and “Do you have a pen?”. Pronunciation is sometimes different. Americans usually sound theirs in words like “bird” and “hurt”. Speakers of British English do not sound theirs in these words. There are differences between British and American English in spelling and vocabulary. For example, “colour” and “honour” are British, “color” and honor” are American.
These differences in grammar, pronunciation, spelling and vocabulary are not important, however. For the most part, British and American English are the same language.
小题1:According to this passage, a student who is learning to speak American English might be afraid that_______.
| A． British people cannot understand him |
| B． American people cannot understand him |
| C． the grammar is too hard for him |
| D． the spelling is too hard for him |
| A．spelling | B．pronunciation | C．grammar | D．all of the above |
| A．Whether there are differences between British English and American English. |
| B．Whether British English and American English are one language or two. |
| C．How the differences between British English and American English came about. |
| D．How important the differences are. |
| A．British people | B．Americans | C．children | D．teachers |
| A．little | B．much | C．some | D．great |
Tea may have been discovered in 2737 BC by Shen Nong, a Chinese Emperor of the San Huang Period（3,000 - 2,700 BC）. He was a scholar, the father of agriculture and the inventor of Chinese herbal medicine. One summer day, while visiting a distant place, he and the court stopped to rest and his servants began to boil water for the court to drink. Dried leaves from the nearby bush fell into the boiling water, and made it a brown liquid. The Emperor was interested in the new liquid, drank some, and found it very refreshing. The tree was a wild tea tree, and so, tea was created.
The first samples(样品) of tea reached England between 1652 and 1654. Tea was referred to as the China drink, tcha, chaw, tay, tee, and tea and was at first regarded more as a medicine than a fashionable drink. The original English pronunciation of the word tea was “tay” and can be traced back to around 1655 when the Dutch introduced both word and beverage（饮料）to England. The pronunciation “tee” also originated in the 1600"s but only gained predominance（主导地位）after the late 18th century.
By 1650 the Dutch were actively involved in trade throughout the Western world. During that year Peter Stuyvesant brought the first tea to America to the colonists（殖民地定居者）in the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam （later re-named New York）.
小题1:The following information is true EXCEPT ________.
| A．The Japanese write the character for tea the same way as we Chinese. |
| B．It was a Chinese Emperor who first found tea very refreshing. |
| C．The word “the” was used to describe only the leaf. |
| D．Tea was discovered quite by chance in history. |
| A．that Shen Nong, was a famous inventor of Chinese herbal medicine |
| B．why the Emperor was brave and dared to run risks |
| C．whether Shen Nong liked drinking boiled water outside the court |
| D．the way in which tea was created outdoors |
① Tea was at first regarded just as a fashionable drink in England.
② Tea had different names during the early days it reached England.
③ The pronunciation “tee”originated in 1600.
④ Peter Stuyvesant introduced both word “tay” and beverage（饮料）to England.
⑤ The pronunciation“tee”became popular after the late 18th century.
| A．①② | B．②③ | C．④⑤ | D．①④ |
| A．that the leaf tea should be put in hot water for drinking |
| B．that tea was called the China drink, tcha, chaw, tay, tee, t"e and tea in England |
| C．what the early situation of tea was like in the Western world |
| D．that tea was first brought to America in the late 16th century |
A cookie in the US is called a biscuit in the UK.A biscuit in the US is a small cake in the UK.Crisps in the UK，are known as chips，but we British people eat a plate of chips that you call fries in the US.In the UK，a pie can be made from either meat or fruit，while in the US pies are normally made from fruit；pot pies are made from meat.Most things are measured in grams and kilograms in the US，not pounds and ounces.
One very obvious(明显的)difference is the side of the road we each choose to drive on.Petrol in the UK is gas in the US.The place where we fill up our cars，in the UK，is a garage；while in the US，it’s a gas station.The term garage is also used as a place to store your car next to or close by your house.In the UK we call a lorry what is known as a truck in the US.
An elevator in the US is called a lift here，and the first floor in the US，is calle d the ground floor here，so many visitors get off on the wrong floor in British hotels.
I could continue with this. There are countless examples of differences within our one shared language.With so many differences，no wonder it’s hard to understand each other well.
小题1:The passage is mainly about the differences between British English and American English in________.
| A．vocabulary | B．grammar | C．sound | D．spelling |
| A．a driver from the US |
| B．a cook from the US |
| C．a teacher from the UK |
| D．a gas station worker from the UK |
| A．language differences don’t affect understanding |
| B．the same words in the two different types of English may have different spellings |
| C．there will be fewer differences between American and British English in the future |
| D．it is impossible that some Americans get off on the wrong floor in British hotels |
| A．“Elevator”is commonly used in the UK. |
| B．Pies mean the same thing in the UK and the US. |
| C．In the UK，things are measured in pounds and ounces. |
| D．British and American people drive on the same side of the road. |
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