题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
The author also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, with passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.
Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” than with just a lack of driving experience. “The basic issue.” he says, “is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.”
Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使……缓解)the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passenger restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.
Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies, About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers, California is the strictest, with a novice(新手)driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20(without the presence of an adult over 25)for the first six months.
小题1:Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?
| A．Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m. |
| B．A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car. |
| C．Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night. |
| D．A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight. |
| A．their frequent driving at night |
| B．their improper way of driving |
| C．their lack of driving experience |
| D．their driving with passengers |
| A．Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive. |
| B．Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn. |
| C．Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons. |
| D．The licensing authorities are partly responsible for teenagers" driving accidents. |
| A．driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule |
| B．they should be prohibited from taking on passengers |
| C．they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p.m. |
| D．the licensing system should be improved |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:D
解析
小题1:细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, with passengers in the car”可以知道十点后，青少年驾车待人是最危险的。
小题2:细节理解题。第三段Robert Foss 解释青少年驾车死亡率高的原因：have less to do with “really stupid bevavior” than with just a lack of driving experience. 这里要特别理解less than 的意思是后者甚于前者。
小题3:辨别正误题。第三段最后一句： The basic issues …fail to recognize…“印证了D项正确。
小题4:综合推理题。A、B、C谈到的都是细枝末节，但不够完整和概括。 D项是对三者的综合及概括，也是解决青少年车祸发案率高这一问题的信息点。
核心考点
试题【A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Associa】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Many ryokans sprang up in the 17th century to put up feudal lords traveling along the Tokaido highway to Edo(now Tokyo). Today tourists looking for a taste of the country’s historic lifestyle find varying levels of understated elegance in ryokans throughout the country.
A typical stay starts with a greeting from the inn’s staff and a change from street shoes into slippers .An attendant leads guests to their rooms, where slippers are removed before walking on the rice-straw flooring, called tatami. Walking slowly along behind a kimonoclad（身穿和服的）attendant on the creaky wood floors of Fukuzumiro ryokan,s hallways is like stepping back in time. The inn was established in 1890 by a former samurai（武士）.
Tim Paterson ,33, a banker living in Tokyo, has stayed at several ryokans. This New Zealand native leaves after a recent stay at Fukuzumiro. “I think it’s quite good mixing culture with history and not just going to see it ,but living in it, staying in it,”he said. Sliding glass doors line the inn’s rural hallways, bringing in the sound of tricking water and the quietness of the stone and tree-filled courtyards outside.
小题1:From the first paragraph, we can see that_________________ .
| A．there is no dinner and a hot shower in the ryokan |
| B．such activities as dinner and shower in the ryokan can take you back in time |
| C．such activities as dinner and shower mean the same both in ordinary inns and traditional inns |
| D．such activities as dinner and shower are more important than the sightseeing for tourists |
| A．Providing rooms for the noble when they traveled. |
| B．Keeping the Japanese traditional style of life. |
| C．Making people feel elegant in the ryokan. |
| D．Attracting more tourists to put up in the ryokan. |
a. An attendant shows guests to their room;
b. The guests take off their shoes;
c. The staff greet the guests;
d. The guests walk on tatami;
e. The guests take off slippers;
f. The guests put on slippers.
A. b ; c ; d ; e ; f ; a B. c ; b ; f ; a ; e ; d
C. c ; a ; d ; b ; e ; f D b ; a ; d ; e ; c ; f
小题4:From Tim Paterson’s words in the last paragraph ,we can infer that .
| A．he will never stay in such a ryokan again |
| B．he stays in such a ryokan just for its long history |
| C．he feels relaxed and culturally enriched after staying in such a ryokan |
| D．he would rather live in such a ryokan than go back home |
Our story had a happy ending. With weeks of twice-daily treatments at Mommy and Papa"s kitchen-table burn clinic, my daughter"s hands healed. But other children we saw at the outpatient burn clinic weren"t so lucky. I saw hands _____________________, a mouth that would never smile straight, a scalp that would never grow hair. All the parents had stories of accidents as easy as ours: a cup of tea knocked from a side table, a tumble (摔倒) into a space heater. "Heaters and soup," one veteran nurse told me at the hospital. "That"s all it is. Heaters and soup."
Most of the injuries were to hands and wrists, and most came from contact with hot liquids or from touching hot objects. Not only do small children not realize the danger posed by hot objects; their skin is much thinner than that of adults. They burn more quickly, and the burns tend to be deeper and more severe.
Traditional fire safety education focused on preventing fires. The number of children injured by playing with fire has declined substantially when the Consumer Product Safety Commission required that cigarette lighters be child-resistant. "We know people know about smoke alarms," says Chrissy, program manager for Safe Kids USA, a nonprofit that works to reduce childhood injuries. Now, fire safety experts hope that public education efforts will turn to burns that can be just as terrible as injuries caused by flame.
1. Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one? People used to be warned of the fire burns.
2. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with a proper sentence．(within 10 words)
3. What is the best title for this passage? (within 10 words)
4. For what purpose does the author mention “a cup of tea” or “a tumble into a space heater” in Paragraph 2?(within 10 words)
5. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese．
Crime worries a lot of people. Every year, the number of crimes goes up and up. And many criminals (罪犯)are young. They often come from sad homes, with only one parent or no parents at all.
There are many young criminals in prison. But prison doesn"t change them. Six or seven in ten will go back to crime when they come out of prison.
One man, Bob Burton, thought of a new idea. In the old days, young men had to live a difficult life on the road. They learned to be strong and brave, and to help theft friends ill time of danger. This helped them to grow into men. So Bob Burton started" Vision Quest".
He takes young criminals on a long, long journey with horses and wagons(马车), 3,000 miles through seven states. They are on the road for more than a year.
The young people on Vision Quest all have bad problems. Most of them have already spent time in prison. This is their last chance.
It"s hard work on the road. The work starts before the sun comes up. The boys and girls have to feed the horses. Some of them have never loved anyone before. But they can love their horse. That love can help them to a new life.
Not all the young people on Vision Quest will leave crime behind them. Three or four in ten will one day_____________. Bob Burton is right. Travel can be good for you. Even today. Americans still say, " Go west, young man."
1.What’s the main idea of the passage?
2.Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
The criminals are very unfortunate ,because they have single parent or they are orphans
3.Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.(within ten words)
4.What do you think of the meaning of the travel to the young men in the old days according to the passage?(within 30 words)
5.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
A new study from Switzerland, sheds light on where ice sheets melted during the ice age. It now seems that the ice melted at both ends of the earth, rather than just in either northern or southern regions.
This surprised the researchers from the University of Bern. Scientists have long assumed that most of the ice that melted was in the Northern hemisphere(半球) during the 30,000-year long ice age. That belief was held because the North Pole is surrounded by land, while the South Pole is surrounded by theAntarctic Ocean. It is easier for ice sheets to grow on land. If surrounded by sea the ice can easily just slip into the ocean instead of building up.
The researchers used a computer model to look at ways the ice could melt and how it might affect sea levels. They compared these results to evidence of how temperatures and currents actually changed during that time. The model showed that if it was only in the Northern hemisphere that ice melted, there would have been a bigger impact(影响) on ocean currents(洋流) and sea temperatures than what actually happened. Studies suggest that melting just in the Southern hemisphere would have been impossible, too. The only reasonable conclusion, the scientists could make, was that ice melted equally in the North and the South.
It is still a mystery as to what caused the temperature changes that caused the ice to melt.
小题1:The North Pole is surrounded by land, while the South Pole is surrounded by the Antarctic Ocean. So scientists thought that ________.
| A．most of the ice melted in the Northern hemisphere |
| B．most of the ice melted in the Southern hemisphere |
| C．The North Pole is colder than South Pole |
| D．The South Pole is colder than North Pole |
| A．the ice can easily just slip into the ocean |
| B．volcanoes caused the ice to melt |
| C．melting just in the Northern hemisphere would have been impossible |
| D．researchers often use the computer models help their research work. |
| A．how long the ice age lasted |
| B．where ice sheets melted during the ice age |
| C．what caused the temperature changes |
| D．what the earth is made up of |
| A．A computer model |
| B．Studies show ice melted equally in the North and the South during the ice age |
| C．Most of the ice melted in the Northern hemisphere during the 30,000-year long ice age. |
| D．A survey result |
From the health point of view we are living in a marvelous（不平凡的）age. We are immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous diseases. A large number of once fatal illnesses can now be cured by modern drugs and surgery. It is almost certain that one day remedies will be found for the most stubborn remaining diseases. The expectation of life has increased enormously. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible slaughter of men, women and children on the roads. Man versus the motor-car ! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. Thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.
It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind a steering-wheel. They swear, they are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-years-olds and utterly selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments and jealousies seem to be brought to the surface by the act of driving.
The surprising thing is that society smiles so benignly on the motorist and seems to condone his behaviour. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy tragic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is desecrated by road networks; and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic, to be conveniently forgotten.
It is high time a world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not strict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate. Here are a few examples of some the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made far more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through stringent annual tests for safety. Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can impair a person’s driving ability. Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be mad much stricter. Maximum and minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications for manufacturers, as has been done in the USA. All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned. These measures may sound inordinately harsh. But surely nothing should be considered as to severe if tit results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all, the world is for human beings, not motor-cars.
小题1:The main idea of this passage is
A Traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists.
B Thousands of people the world over are killed each year.
C The laws of some countries about driving are too lax.
D Only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents.
小题2:What does the author think of society toward motorists?
A Society smiles on the motorists. B Huge car parks are built in the cities and towns.
C Victims of accidents are nothing. D Society condones their rude driving.
小题3:Why does the author say:’ his car becomes the extension of his personality?’
A Driving can show his real self. B Driving can show the other part of his personality.
C Driving can bring out his character. D His car embodies his temper.
小题4:Which of the followings is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents?
A Build more highways. B Stricter driving tests.
C Test drivers every three years. D raise age limit and lay down safety specifications.
小题5:The attitude of the author is
A ironical B critical C appealing D militant
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