题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
A few years ago, some marketing and advertising experts were asked to name the best nickname for an American city. The winner was the nation"s largest city, New York. The top nickname was The Big Apple.
You might wonder how New York got this nickname. In the early nineteen seventies, the city had many problems. The number of visitors was falling. So a campaign was launched to give the city a new image. The head of the New York Conventions and Visitors Bureau decided to call the city, The Big Apple.
There are several explanations for where this name came from. Language expert Barry Popik studied the question and wrote about it on his Web site. He says John Fitz Gerald, a writer for a New York newspaper, used the name The Big Apple to mean New York in the nineteen twenties. Mister Fitz Gerald wrote about horse races. He heard the name used by men who worked at a racetrack in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Mister Fitz Gerald wrote: "The Big Apple. The dream of every lad that ever threw a leg over a thoroughbred and the goal of all horsemen. There"s only one Big Apple. That"s New York."
In horse racing, the expression meant "the big time," the place where large amounts of money could be won. The Big Apple became the name of a night club in the Harlem area of New York City in nineteen thirty-four. It also was the name of a popular dance and a hit song in the nineteen thirties.
But it is not the only nickname for America"s largest city. Barry Popik"s web site lists almost one hundred nicknames that describe New York. The best known are The Capital of the World. Empire City. Gotham. The City So Nice They Named it Twice. And, The City That Never Sleeps. You can hear about the city in the song, "New York, New York," by Frank Sinatra.
小题1:Why do many American cities have nicknames?(回答词数不超过15个)
小题2:What did John Fitz Gerald write about for the New York newspaper?(回答词数不超过5个)
小题3:Besides “The Big Apple”, how many best known nicknames that describe New York are listed according to Barry Popik"s web site?(回答词数不超过2个)
答案
小题1:Because these can help establish an identity, spread pride among citizens and build unity.
小题2: He wrote about horse races.
小题3:Five.
解析
小题1:根据文章第一段中的“A nickname also can be a descriptive name for a person, place or thing. Many American cities have nicknames. These can help establish an identity, spread pride among citizens and build unity. ”可知。
小题2:根据“In horse racing, the expression meant "the big time," the place where large amounts of money could be won.”可知。
小题3:根据The best known are The Capital of the World. Empire City. Gotham. The City So Nice They Named it Twice. And, The City That Never Sleep可知。
核心考点
试题【nickname is a shortened form of a person"s name. A nickname also can be a descri】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates(硝酸盐) and nitrites(亚硝酸盐), commonly used to keep color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels(标签) of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to cows and chick and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows.
Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medicinal purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on the market. Although the FDA has tried repeatedly to control these, the practices continue.
小题1:How has science done a bad service to mankind?
A.Diseases caused by food have been done away with. |
B.It has caused a lack of information about the value of food. |
C.Some harmful materials have been added to our food. |
D.Scientists have made food more expensive to eat. |
A.They help process packaged food. |
B.They keep the color in meats. |
C.They cure diseases of cows and chickens. |
D.They cause the animals to become fatter. |
A.You can find out harmful additives on the packaging labels of food. |
B.Drugs given to animals are not all for medical reasons. |
C.Researchers knew about the harm of food additives about 60 years ago. |
D.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in the world. |
A.an organization which controls the safety of food |
B.a producer which makes additives |
C.a factory which processes food |
D.a hospital which cures cancer |
Have you just been fired? Don’t worry. Cheer yourself up and send your 36 . Perhaps another much better opportunity is awaiting you. 37 sometimes you don’t realize it, you are asking to be fired.
Dan Zawacki was a happy camper, selling computers for Honeywell. One holiday he was 38 creative gifts and then a good idea 39 him---- selling dinner live lobsters(龙虾) to his favorite customers. He 40 them himself with butter and put them in the trunk of his car between the computers and started delivering. It was a huge 41 . As a result, one of his customers 42 they go into the lobster business together. Dan laughed. Still, this landlocked computer salesman 43 get the idea of lobsters out of his 44 . Why not turn this into a hobby and 45 a few extra dollar? While on a job assignment in Chicago, he 46 a local radio station to give him a few ads in 47 for lobster. Unfortunately, his boss’s boss heard his prize salesman 48 lobster, not computers. No surprised. Dan was let go. After 49 the company’s car, he started to think maybe this was a 50 . Playing with his phone that night, Dan tried dialing 1-800-LIVE-LOB. The number was 51 , and Dan the lobsterman was born. Today, 20 years later, Dan is still selling dinners, through his company, Lobster Gram. And he couldn’t be 52 .
Many of the fired people found ways back to fulfilling 53 and learned the pain and humiliation(羞辱) are 54 . So do not be afraid to move 55 and try your wings. Gather your support system. Persevere! Firing doesn’t mean your life is over. It might turn out to be the best thing that ever happened to you.
36. A. dreams B. wings C. needs D. minds
37. A. Because B. When C. Though D. If
38. A. searching for B. making up C. giving away D. thinking up
39. A. came about B. took place C. went on D. came to
40. A. packaged B. sold C. tied D. placed
41. A. matter B. business C. failure D. success
42. A.said B. thought C. suggested D. hoped
43. A. couldn’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. wouldn’t
44. A. heart B. mind C. head D. hand
45. A. make B. get C. gather D. spend
46. A. permitted B. hoped C. persuaded D. suggested
47. A. change B. exchange C. place D. need
48. A. hunting B. seeking C. collecting D. selling
49. A. selling B. paying C. returning D. using
50. A. thing B. sign C. pity D. please
51. A.wrong B. right C. free D. available
52. A. happier B. worse C. lower D. higher
53. A. jobs B. wishes C. careers D. promises
54. A. short B.long C. forever D. temporary(临时)
55. A. back B. on C. in D. away
The first kind of loneliness is temporary.This is the most common type.It usually disappears quickly and does not need any special attention.
The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a certain situation, for example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place.Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.
The third kind of loneliness is the most severe.Unlike the second type, chronic (长期的) loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause.People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and being close to others.Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.
Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person"s social contacts, such as friends, family members, co-workers, etc.We depend on various people for different reasons.For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share interests and activities.However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more.They question then" own popularity.
Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease.While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal and healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very sad and sometimes dangerous condition.
小题1:Which of the following can be the cause of situational loneliness?
A.Sleeplessness. | B.Changing work. |
C.Heart disease. | D.Social contacts. |
A.headaches | B.situational loneliness |
C.sleeplessness | D.temporary loneliness |
A.Just ignore it. | B.Talk to friends. |
C.Go to see a doctor. | D.Ask your teachers for guidance. |
A.People feel lonely in a certain situation. |
B.There are only three types of loneliness in our life. |
C.Loneliness doesn"t affect people much. |
D.Scientists have found ways to help habitually lonely people. |
The latest spike in the unemployment rate is being felt across the board ?in 98 percent of metropolitan areas, in high-wage and low-wage jobs, among young and old, women and men, but especially men.
This landscape means that young Americans who are trying to plan their futures right now have some hard choices.Do they go to college and take on debt without hope of getting a job? And what about high school students? Do they have any chance of securing a job without a college degree? Perhaps the education system needs to react to this rapidly moving economic crisis.
In our current economic collapse, the connection between education and employment could not be more different than it was during the Depression.Education must now hold center stage, not because of an enemy abroad but because of the global economy.The jobs of the future will demand levels of education, particularly skills in mathematics, technology and science, which exceed those now taught in high school.
A healthy society should strive for full employment.In our times, that goal cannot be realized, or even approximated by creating jobs for the unskilled.The long-term prospect for economic recovery depends on the extent to which we improve our educational system.And this is where America is now at its weakest.
The following experiment is an easy one that you can do at home.But make sure that you are supervised, because you will need to use matches.
What you need
·A hard-boiled egg without the shell
·A bottle with a neck slightly smaller than the egg
·A piece of paper
·A match
Method
1)Check that the paper will sit firmly on the neck of the bottle.
2)Tear the paper into strips and put the strips into the bottle.
3)Light the paper by dropping a burning match into the bottle.
4)Quickly sit the egg on the neck of the bottle.
Result
Astonishingly, the egg will be sucked into the bottle.Your friends will be amazed when you show them the experiment.But be careful when you handle matches.
Why it happened
As the paper burns, it needs oxygen and uses up the oxygen (air)in the bottle.The egg acts as a seal in the neck of the bottle, so no more air can get inside.This reduces the air pressure inside the bottle.The air pressure must equalize, so more air from outside must enter the bottle.The outside air presses against the egg and then the egg is pushed into the bottle! That proves that air is all around and that it is pressing down on it.
小题1:Why is there the need to take care when you are doing the experiment?
A.The bottle could break. |
B.You need to light the paper with a match. |
C.The egg needs to be shelled. |
D.The egg has to be perfectly placed on the neck of the bottle. |
A.equalize the air pressure inside and outside |
B.make a seal in the neck of the bottle |
C.finish up the oxygen inside the bottle |
D.produce more oxygen inside the bottle |
A.The oxygen inside the bottle sucked the egg in. |
B.It became salt without the shell. |
C.The neck of the bottle was wide enough. |
D.The outside air pressure forced it into the bottle. |
A.water pushes on your body when you swim underwater |
B.the earth is surrounded by a layer of air called the atmosphere |
C.the pressure of air around us has a powerful force |
D.the air pressure is not equalized around us |
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