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If you live in America in the 21st century you"ll probably have to listen to a lot of people tell you how busy they are. It"s become the default response when you ask anyone how they are doing: “Busy!” “Crazy busy!”. It is, pretty obviously, a boast disguised as a complaint. And the common response is a kind of congratulation:“ That"s a good problem to have, ”or“ Better than the opposite.”
Notice it isn"t generally people pulling back-to-back shifts in the ICU or commuting by bus to three minimum-wage jobs who tell you how busy they are. What those people are is not busy but tired. Exhausted! Dead on their feet. It"s almost always people whose busyness is purely self-imposed work and obligations they"ve taken on voluntarily, classes and activities they"ve “encouraged” their kids to participate in. They"re busy because of their own ambition or drive or anxiety, because they"re addicted to busyness and dread that they might have to face in its absence.
Almost everyone I know is busy. They feel anxious and guilty when they aren"t either working or doing something to promote their work. It"s something they have chosen. Busyness serves as a kind of existential reassurance(令人安心的保证),a measure against emptiness, obviously your life cannot possibly be silly or tiny or meaningless if you are so busy, completely booked, in demand every hour of the day.
Idleness is not just a vacation. It is as necessary to the brain as vitamin D is to the body, and deprived of it we suffer a mental affliction as ugly as rickets. The space and quiet that idleness provides is a necessary condition for standing back from life and seeing it whole, for making unexpected connections and waiting for the wild summer lightning strikes of inspiration.” Idle dreaming is often the essence of what we do”, wrote Thomas Pynchon. Archimedes" “Eureka” in the bath, Newton"s apple :history is full of stories of inspirations that come in idle moments.
小题1:When many Americans say “Crazy busy”, they mean______.
A.they are really tired of their present situation
B.they are really proud of their present life
C.they are complaining about their current work
D.their life are full of all kinds of problems
小题2:The writer mentions Archimedes"“Eureka” and Newton"s apple to show that________.
A.history is full of interesting stories
B.Archimedes and Newton were very busy, so they made great discoveries
C.people may get inspiration when they are idle
D.inspirations come from hard work
小题3:The word “its” in the second paragraph refers to_________________.
ambition      B. anxiety         C. busyness        D. dread
小题4:From the article, we can infer that ___________________.
A.generally people pulling back-to-back shifts in the ICU tell you they are busy
B.“Dead on their feet” means “being tired out”
C.all the kids are self-imposed due to the drive and motivation
D.The author seems to agree that idleness is better than busyness

答案

小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:C
小题4:B
解析

试题分析:本文叙述了21世纪的美国人们的生活现状。“忙!”“很忙。”“忙疯了。”已经变成了“你最近还好吗”的默认回答。很明显,这些都是伪装在抱怨之下的自我标榜。对于它们的常备答复是:“忙一点好,”或者“总比不忙强。”他们忙,是出于自己的志向、动力或者焦虑情绪,只因为他们对忙碌上瘾,并且恐惧无所事事的感觉。但是历史总是充满了灵感的故事,它们恰恰来自于悠闲的时光与白日梦。
小题1:推理题:根据“It is,pretty obviously,a boast disguised as a complaint. And the common response is a kind of congratulation:"That"s a good problem to have,"or"Better than the opposite.”很显然,这是一个伪装的抱怨。和常见的反应是一种祝贺:“这是个好问题,”或“比相反的"。意思是他们以自己的生活为傲。故选B。
小题2:细节题:根据"Eureka"in the bath, Newton"s apple :history is full of stories of inspirations that come in idle moments.人们得到灵感是他们闲的时候,故选C。
小题3:推理题:根据他们忙,是出于自己的志向、动力或者焦虑情绪,只因为他们对忙碌上瘾,并且恐惧无所事事的感觉。故选C。
小题4:推理题:根据What those people are is not busy but tired.Exhausted!可以判断是人累坏了,故选B。
核心考点
试题【If you live in America in the 21st century you"ll probably have to listen to a l】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
“How to Train Your Dragon” by British author Cressida Cowell is one of the best pieces of children’s literature. A child can make a whole alternative universe with a vivid imagination and Toothless, the hero’s hunting dragon, thus turning a rainy day into an adventure of a lifetime. However, if you have never read the book but instead choose to see the film version, you might think you were seeing a new-age war movie meant for adults rather than children.
Let’s look at “Where the Wild Things Are” for further discussion. The story centers around a lonely eight-year-old boy named Max, who sails away to an island. Creatures living there declare Max their king.
What an amazing piece of children’s literature! A treasure for every child’s library. Yet, children were crying in the movie theatre. Owls were falling from the sky, chicken’s arms were being torn off, and a child was running around a dark abandoned world fighting evil as the only human. It was almost as if Hollywood could not imagine children enjoying a movie for its basic literature content. Hollywood might be right. But more and more its audiences are complaining that there is an increased amount of violence in children’s stories today than in the past.
While there appears to be a trend in our society to make more violence more accessible to younger children, books and literature are generally an exception. I truly believe that children’s literature has become more vivid, and more colorful. This is a great treasure for the children, and is certainly not violent. What has changed the children’s stories of today is not the writers, but the film industry. In some way, children’s literature is just being strangely twisted. I wonder how much influence the author have over this.
小题1:The Text is mainly about ________.
A.two good books for children
B.how a book is adapted into a film
C.whether children should go to movies
D.whether children’s literature is getting more violent
小题2:It can be inferred that the film “Where the Wild Things Are” is _______.
A.movingB.frighteningC.interestingD.amazing
小题3:According to the text, the author thinks that ________.
A.the film industry’s treatment of children’s literature is wrong
B.writers should provide more colorful works for children
C.there is an increase in violence in children’s literature
D.children should read books rather than see films.
小题4:How does the text mainly develop?
A.By inferring.B.By giving explanations.
C.By providing examples.D.By making comparisons.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
Online grocery shopping was counted as the next great innovation to make our lives easier. In China more than 3,000 websites offer the service, but none have turned a profit.
Xiang Nian has had a hard day at the office but at least she can skip the trip to the grocery store. A text message on her phone lets her know the order she placed earlier in the day has been delivered to a locker outside her apartment.
"It’s really convenient for an office worker like me. My fresh products are waiting for me when I get home and can start cooking. No need to go to the supermarket any more," Xiang says.
One of the largest online supermarkets in Wuhan is Just-easy Fresh Produce. Over the past 3 years, the company has developed its online retail grocery business by guaranteeing fresh produce and an innovative delivery system. They"ve installed thousands of lockers in communitieshttp:// / around downtown Wuhan.
"We get an average of 8,000 orders per day. That"s the most in China, I"m proud of it. We have placed over 20 thousand lockers in more than half of the communities in Wuhan and we plan to expand to all of them. Many e-commerce giants, like Taobao, are talking about cooperation with us," Jie Xiaofeng, manager of Wuhan Just-easy Agricultural Science & Technology Co., says.
While Just-easy may have thousands of customers, a staff of almost 300 and 40 delivery trucks, it"s still operating in the red.
"There are over 3,000 companies selling fresh products online in China. But none is making a profit. It will take them at least 3 years before they make a profit. The major challenge is the cost of delivery. But they do have many advantages. The price of their goods is lower than the supermarkets," professor He Dehua at Huazhong Agricultural University, says.
A number of China"s e-commerce giants are making moves into online grocery sales, with Taobao opening an online platform it calls "Cainiao". And traditional retailers(零售店) including Wal-Mart and Carrefour are also looking to start selling their produce online.
Many big B2C e-commerce players usually take fresh farm produce as the last category to add to their offerings. But now more and more large businesses have set their eyes on the industry. They want to prove the fresh food market is definitely suited to online sales.
小题1:What is the main idea of the passage?
A.The online grocery shopping is making our life easier.
B.Just-easy Fresh Produce is a pioneer of the online retail grocery business.
C.Conventional retailers are facing challenges.
D.None of the online grocery supermarkets has made a profit.
小题2:The underlined part “it"s still operating in the red” probably means _______.
A.the present situation of the company makes them angry
B.the company is not making a profit
C.the company is very popular with customers
D.the staff of the company are aggressive
小题3:What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A.The fresh food market is definitely suited to online sales.
B.Fresh farm produce is the last category that people will buy online.
C.Online grocery sales have drawn the attention of e-commerce giants.
D.Traditional retailers choose to sell their produce on Cainiao.
小题4:What’s the author’s attitude towards online grocery shopping?
A.Pessimistic.B.Indifferent.C.Objective.D.Supportive.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
It is pretty much a one-way street.While it may“be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world,there is very little traffic in the opposite direction.Pay has always been the biggest deterrent,as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job.For some industrial scientists,however, the attractions of academia(学术界)outweigh any financial considerations.
Helen Lee took a 70%cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge.Her main reason for returning to academia halfway was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions.Some areas of research have few chances of a commercial return,and Lee’s is one of them.
The powerful effect of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of an occupation.Guy Grant,now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge,spent two years working for a medicine company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher.He took a 30%salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.
Higher up the ladder,where a pay cut is usually more significant,the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition(转换)to academia more attractive,according to Lee.Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not,such as how to build a multidisciplinary team,manage budgets and negotiate contracts(合同).They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate,says Lee,perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development.“Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic occupation.So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent a11 their time on a narrow research project.”
小题1:The underlined word“deterrent”in Paragraph 1 most probably refers to something that
A.helps to move the trafficB.attracts people’s attention
C.keeps someone from taking actionD.brings someone a financtal burden
小题2:What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her j ob halfway?
A.Flexible work hours.B.Her research interests.
C.Chances of academic accomplishmentsD.Her preference for the lifestyle at university
小题3:Why did Guy Grant choose to work as a researcher at Cambridge?
A.To do financially more rewarding work.
B.To raise his status in the academic world.
C.To enjoy better intellectual opportunities.
D.To gain more experience in medical research.
小题4:What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?
A.Suit its research to practical applications.
B.Develop its students’potential in research.
C.Help it obtain financial support from industry.
D.Increase its graduates’competitiveness in the j ob market.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
A survey reveals that employees in China say they are not engaged in their jobs. Judging by the survey data, many Chinese workplaces are black holes of misery and despair.
Only 6% of Chinese employees said they are "engaged" in their jobs, according to a global Gallup survey released this month. China"s numbers equal the numbers out of war-weary(厌战的) Iraq.
Workers across all income levels and industries were surveyed by Gallup in China, defined by Gallup to mean they were "psychologically committed to their jobs and likely to be making positive contributions to their organizations".
Out of 94 countries polled, only six countries scored lower rates of job engagement than China, including Tunisia, Israel and Syria. Unsurprisingly, 0% of Syrians admitted to being engaged at work.
In a related survey, China ranked near the bottom in a poll measuring job satisfaction among 22 Asian countries. Only 49% of Chinese respondents said they were happy in their jobs.
Part of the problem, I suspect, is that very few in China have the luxury to pursue a career that truly interests them.
Even university graduates often feel they have no choice but to choose the positions with the government or state-run enterprises, since those jobs are thought to be stable.
That makes those who are happy at work in China a rare find indeed.
小题1:What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A.The people in Israel are not engaged in their jobs.
B.People in Syria are more engaged at work than the Chinese.
C.Most Chinese people are happy in work.
D.China ranked the top in the job engagement.
小题2:What is the meaning of the underlined word “luxury” in Paragraph 6?
A.happinessB.dreamC.willingD.courage
小题3:According to the author, why most Chinese dislike their jobs?
A.Because they don’t take the jobs they really like
B.Because many Chinese workplaces are full of misery and despair.
C.Because they have no choice but to choose the stable jobs.
D.Because they are not psychologically committed to their jobs.
小题4:Which of the following jobs are the university graduates nowadays more likely to choose?
A.LawyersB.Civil Servants (公务员)
C.self-made menD.Doctors

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
The word I"m going to introduce to you today is — phubbing. Let"s see the definition of this term:

phubbing n. the act of snubbing(冷落)someone in a social setting by looking at your cell phone instead of paying attention
As you can probably guess,phubbing is a blend of phone and snubbing. The term was coined by a 23—year—old Melbourne resident Alex Haigh. Obviously,he got fed up with how people are always checking Facebook or Twitter on their phones when they are supposed to be interacting with someone face to face. He wanted to put an end to this social phenomenon,therefore he came up with this catchy term.
And it did catch on. The word"s earliest media mention dates back to June 2012,and in a little over a year"s time,phubbing has already been picked up by almost all the mainstream media outlets one can think of.
Here is a typical example from the British newspaper The Independent. In the article titled The Rise of Phubbing,which was published on August 5,2013,Tom Chatfield writes,there"s an uncomfortable truth at the heart of phubbing:other people are easier to handle when seen on screen. They"re less likely to demand unreasonable efforts such as undivided attention or clean shirts.
While the term phubbing has undoubtedly taken off,some people question why it is called phubbing instead of phnubbing. Alex Haigh has not personally addressed the issue,but word has it that phubbing sounds more crispy and thus easier to remember.
Phubbing is indeed a universal problem that can no longer be ignored. So why do people keep phubbing each other if they know it"s rude? Is there anything we can do to stop it? Or maybe we should just be more kind,because sometimes there are good excuses to phub.
I think there is plenty we can do to try and stop phubbing. For starters,we can join Alex Haigh in his Stop Phubbing campaign. Remind our friends and family that phubbing is not appreciated. We can also make or download some anti—phubbing posters to spread the word in public places. And don"t forget that some phubbers simply do not realize the harmful effect their behavior has on others,so be brave enough to stop them,even if you are a total stranger.
小题1:This passage is mainly talking about _______.
A.the rise of phubbing in all the mainstream media outlets
B.a new term “phubbing”and its problem
C.the campaign of keeping phubbing
D.different opinions on phubbing
小题2: The author’s attitude towards the act of phubbing can be described as ___________.
A.bearable
B.unacceptable
C.reasonable
D.understandable
小题3:What can we infer from this passage?
A.People are easier to handle when seen on screen.
B.Alex Haigh doesn’t like the term “phnubbing”
C.More and more people have become phubbers.
D.We can phub if we have proper excuses.
小题4:The write suggests we should _________.
A.stop phubbing in public places
B.not be afraid of the harmful effect
C.be brave to support a stranger phubbing
D.remind our friends of Stop Phubbing campaign

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
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