题目
题型：上海模拟题难度：来源：
Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.
| A. poisoned B. destruction C. survived D. increased E. especially F. chemicals G. concern H. decline I. occasionally J. sensitive | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1-5: CHBJA 6-9: FDEG | |||||||||||||||||||
| 阅读理解。 | |||||||||||||||||||
Plant ing trees around poultry (家禽) farms can improve air and water quality - and relations with neighbors. Research has shown that just three rows of trees near poultry houses can reduce the release of dust and ammonia (氨). They can also reduce the strong smell of ammonia gas. The trees capture dust, ammonia and smells in their leaves. They can also reduce energy use. They also provide shade from the sun, so they reduce cooling costs in summer. And they act as a windbreak, so they reduce heating costs  in winter. Trees can also improve water quality around farms by removing pollutions from soil and groundwater. Several years ago, people were objecting to the smell of poultry farms on the Delmarva Peninsula in the eastern United States. Delmarva is where the states of Delaware, Maryland and Virginia come together. Two thousand farms there can each house an average of seventy-five thousand chickens. Traditionally the farms used windows to provide fresh air in the chicken houses. Farmers rarely planted trees or tall crops around the buildings, so there would be no barrier to the airflow. But then in the 60s, farms began to use mechanical ventilation (通风) systems. Instead of windows, the mechanical systems used tunnel fans to circulate (使…循环) air. The fans directed airflow from the poultry houses toward the homes of neighbors. Researchers began dealing with the problem in 2000. They found that over a period of six years, planting three rows of trees reduced total dust and ammonia by more than half. And they found that smells were reduced by 18%. Farmers may think trees will take too long to grow and be effective. But some trees can grow quickly. At least one-third of the Delmarva farms have planted trees, technically known as vegetative environmental buffers. The idea offers a way to cut pollution, save money and energy, and make the neighbors happy. | |||||||||||||||||||
1.  How did the mechanical ventilation system work?_____________________________________________________ 2. The number of chickens raised on t  he poultry farms in Delmarva is up to ____________________.3. The benefits of planting trees around poultry farms are _________________. 4. What is the main topic of the passage? _____________________________________________________ | |||||||||||||||||||
| 阅读理解。 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Imagine that the genome (基因组) is a book. The book consists of 23 chapters with thousands of stories made up of paragraphs, words and letters on different levels. There are one billion words in the book, as long as 800 Bibles; if I read the genome out to you at the rate of one word per second for eight hours a day, it would take me centuries; if I wrote out the human genome, one letter per millimeter, my text would be as long as the River Danube. This is a huge volume, a book of great length, but it all fits inside an extremely small cell nuclear(细胞核) that fits easily upon the head of a pin. The idea of the genome as a book is not, strictly speaking, even a metaphor. It is true to a great extent. A book is a piece of digital information, written in one-directional form and defined by a code that translates a small alphabet of signs into a large dictionary of meanings through the order of their groupings. So is a genome. The only difference is that all English books read from left to right, while some parts of the genome read from left to right while some from right to left, but never both at the same time. While English books are written in words of different lengthens using twenty-six letters, genomes are written entirely in words of three-letter length, using only four letters, and instead of being written on flat pages, they are written on long chains of DNA molecules (分子). The genome is a very clever book, because in the right condition it can both photocopy itself and read itself. | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1. How do human genomes read according to the passage? | |||||||||||||||||||
| A. Only from left to right. B. Only from right to left. C. From both directions at the same time. D. From one direction at a time. | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2. We can learn from the passage that the human genome ________. | |||||||||||||||||||
| A. is as long as the River Danube B. can be easily placed on the head of a pin C. is coded with an alphabet of four letters D. is smart enough to read and take photos of itself | |||||||||||||||||||
| 3. It can be concluded that the passage is mainly written for ______. | |||||||||||||||||||
| A. specialists in the field B. general readers C. natural scientists D. readers with professional knowledge | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4. The real purpose of the author"s comparison of the genome to a book is _____. | |||||||||||||||||||
| A. to focus on the differences between the two B. to lay emphasis on the similarities between the two C. to simplify the concept of the human genome D. to give an exact description of the human genome | |||||||||||||||||||
| 完形填空。 | |||||||||||||||||||
| We have known for a long time that flowers of different plants open and close at different times of day. This is so 1 that there seems to be no need to ask the reason for it. Yet no one 2 understands why flowers open and close like this at particular times. The process is not as 3 as we might think, as recent experiments have shown. In one study, flowers were kept in constant 4 . We might expect that the flowers, without any information about the time of day, did not open as they 5 do. As a matter of fact, they 6 to open at their usual time. This suggests that they have some mysterious(神秘的) way of knowing the 7 . Their sense of time does not 8 information from the outside world; it is, so to speak, inside them, a kind of "inner clock". This 9 may not seem to be very important. However, it was later found that not just plants but also 10 , including man, have this "inner clock" which 11 the working of their bodies and influences their activities. Men, then, are also influenced by this mysterious 12 . Whether we wish it or not, it affects such things in our life as our need for sleep, our need for food. In the past, this did not really 13 because people lived in natural condition. In  the 14 world, things are different; now there are spacemen, airplane pilots and, in ordinary life, a lot of people who have to work at night. It would be very 15 , then, to know more about the "inner clock". Such things as flowers might help us understand more about ourselves. | |||||||||||||||||||
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