call it the summer learning setback. Simply speaking,it means the longer kids are out of "school,the more
they forget. The only thing they might gain is weight.
Most American schools follow a traditional nine-month calendar with winter and spring breaks and
about ten weeks of summer vacation. Some schools follow a year-round calendar. They hold classes for
about eight weeks at a time,with a few weeks off in between. The National Association for Year-Round
Education says there were fewer than 3,000 such schools at last count. They were spread among forty-six of the fifty states.
But many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same
as in a traditional school. Lead researcher Paul von Hippel said,"Year-round schools don"t really solve the problem of the summer learning setback. They simply spread it out across the year.
Across the country,research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students. Experts say this can be prevented. They note that many schools and local governments offer programs that can help.
But calling them "summer school" could be a problem. The director of the summer learning center at
Johns Hopkins,Ron Fairchild,said research with groups of different parents in Chicago and Baltimore
found that almost all strongly disliked the term "summer school". In American culture,the idea of summer
vacation is connected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood. The parents welcomed other
terms like "summer camp," "extra time" and "hands-on learning. "
B. leads children to work harder
C. improves children"s memories
D. affects children"s regular studies
B. have much less time for relaxation every year
C. have generally the same number of class days
D. hold more classes with more free weeks off
B. Year-round schools can solve the problem of the learning gap.
C. There are schools in each state following a year-round calendar.
D. Nothing can help the students who fall behind after the vocation.
B. They are worried about the quality of the "summer school".
C. They want their children to be forced to make up the gap.
D. They can"t afford to the further study during the vacation.
B. Forbidding Summer Schools
C. Spreading Year-Round Education
D. Minding the Summer Learning Cap
used in your country, the most important thing is that students" pronunciation must be good
enough for another person to understand what they are trying to say.
In a PPP lesson, teachers naturally include a good model of the pronunciation when they
are presenting new vocabulary, grammar or functional language. It is important to start by
helping your students recognize sounds before you expect them to produce them.
Spoken British English has 44 sounds, but there are only 26 letters in the alphabet for
written English. This sometimes makes English pronunciation and spelling different, so it is not
always best to write words on the blackboard at the early stages. Also, some sounds in English
do not exist in some other languages. This can make it very difficult for students to recognize
these sounds and even more difficult for them to pronounce them correctly. So some students
need to do a lot of work on these sounds, listening to them, trying to recognize them and trying
to copy them.
If you can understand and pronounce the symbols of the phonetic alphabet, this will help
you to pronounce any word in the dictionary. You can teach this phonetic alphabet to your
students and this will make teaching pronunciation much easier. However, you can teach
pronunciation effectively without knowing the phonetic alphabet. Pronouncing English well is
not just about getting the individual sounds right. Students need to know:
* which parts of a word are stressed (spoken louder and longer);
* which parts of a sentence are stressed;
* basic intonation patterns;
* what it means when we change the intonation in a sentence (the music of the language);
* how to link together the sounds within a sentence.
Students need practice in all these areas to improve their pronunciation.
B. a book for English teaching
C. an ad for English teaching
D. a grammar book for English learning
B. emphasize the importance of correct pronunciation
C. explain in detail how to practise the five suggestions
D. write about how to teach pronunciation without the phonetic alphabet
B. the English phonetic alphabet is a must in teaching pronunciation
C. students should pronounce every word as precisely as native speakers
D. pronunciation means more than knowing how to pronounce every single word
B. Listening Comes First in Teaching Pronunciation.
C. The English Phonetic Alphabet and Pronunciation.
D. Other Things to Be Done besides Pronouncing Every Word.
Sometime early in the next century,human beings will move to Mars.They will live there for
about a year,and then will be replaced with another group of pioneers.Building the base on
Mars will advance our knowledge of the solar system and aid in our understanding of the earth.
We already know that Mars resembles the earth in many aspects:general size,presence of
water,length of day,range of temperatures.These resemblances have caused many ?people? to
consider a centuries?long project:to terraform Mars.Terraforming means altering a planet"s
surface so that Earth"s life forms can survive there.This concept,previously found only in science
fiction is now being seriously considered by scientists.
Terraforming Mars is theoretically simple:add nitrogen and oxygen to the atmosphere;pump
water to the surface;and add the earth"s plants and animals in the order in which they developed
on Earth.But it will take at least 300 years.
Some people think that such a project is too huge for ?humans? to undertake,but there are
very good reasons to make the attempt.The earth now contains some 6 billion ?people?,and
no one has any idea of how many humans the earth can support.Our very existence and numbers
are threatening many other species.We also have had some experience with terraforming our
own planet:altering the landscape,the atmosphere and the climate.Currently terraforming earth
has become a wiser activity as we try to control global warming,air and water pollution,and
preserve some natural living places.
While the possibility of such a project is small,it is not impossible.Even if earth bound societies
come and go in the next 300 years,the project can continue through the work of the Mars settlers
without the need for constant backing from the earth.
The future existence of all the people in our world may very well depend upon our ability to
terraform Mars.
B.Saving the Earth
C.Travelling to Mars
D.A NewlyFound Place
B.Changing.
C.Planting.
D.Building.
B.find out its similarity to earth
C.avoid the dying away of many other species
D.find on Mars livingplace for the increasing humanbeings
B.terraforming Mars is theoretically simple
C.we have had some experience with terraforming our own planet:Earth
D.the development of science and technology is very rapid
B.Negative.
C.Skeptical(怀疑的).
D.Objective.
任务型读写。请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填
入最恰当的单词。)注意:每空不超过1个单词。
Maybe you are an average student. You probably think you will never be a top student.
This is not necessary so, however. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to.
Here"s how:
1. Plan your time carefully. When you plan your week, you should make a list of things
that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. First your
time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. then decide a good, regular time for studying. Don"t forget
to set aside enough time for entertainment. A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems,
but it will force you to realize wha is happening to your time.
2. Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this
space, which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room, free of everything but study materials.
No games, radios, or television! When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject.
3. Make good use of your time in class. Take advantage of class time to listen to everything
the teachers say. Really listening in class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember
what the teacher says.
4. Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes. Review the important
points that your teacher mentioned in class. If you know what your teacher is going to discuss the
next day, reading that material will become more meaningful, and you will remember it longer.
5. Develop a good attitude about tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have
learned about a subject. They help you remember your new knowledge. The world won"t end if
you don"t pass a test, so don"t be overly worried.
There are other methods that might help you with your studying. You will probably discover
many others after you have tried these.
How to become a better student
really, and how do they operate?
Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is
short-term, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will,
they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel do more harm in the long-term.
They will also experience fear.
Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or
her best. If they associate you with his emotion of fear, they will become less functional around
you, and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making
a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively. Fear has no place in leadership.
The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding
and use of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day;
or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they become fully devoted to the projects and
provide some of their own motivation. Today"s work place is all about relationships.
Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they are recognized and valued as a
human being as well as a worker. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like.
Leaders understand the way things work. They know the pay check is not the single most
motivating factor in the work life of most people.
The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotiona
l intelligence-knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. Developing
your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships
with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills.
B. he can"t work at his best
C. he feels his brain shut down
D. he thinks of his work too heavy
B. Working conditions affect people"s physical health.
C. Good relationship is the key to business success.
D. Smart people are more functional in the work place.
B. develop his own personality
C. give his employees a pay rise
D. hide his own emotion of fear
B. help raise employees" living conditions
C. give employees special instructions
D. deal wisely with employees" emotions
B. how to develop your emotional intelligence
C. how to be a good leader
D. how to influence people
psychology think that there are also two groups of people: people who prefer warm colors and people
who prefer cool colors.
The warm colors are red, orange and yellow. Where there are warm colors and a lot of light, people
usually want to be active. People think that red, for example, is exciting. Sociable people, those who like
to be with others, like red. The cool colors are green, blue and violet. These colors, unlike warm colors,
are relaxing. Where there are cool colors, people are usually quiet. People who like to spend time alone
often prefer blue.
Red may be exciting, but one researcher says that time seems to pass more slowly in a room with
warm colors than in a room with cool colors. He suggests that a warm color, such as red or orange is a
good color for a living room or restaurant. People who are talking or eating do not want time to pass
quickly. Cool colors are better for offices or factories if the people who are working there want time to
pass quickly.
Researchers do not know why people think some colors are warm and other colors are cool.
However, almost everyone agrees that red, orange, and yellow are warm and that green, blue, and violet
are cool. Perhaps warm colors remind people of warm days and the cool colors remind them of cool
days. Because in the north the sun is higher during summer, the hot summer sunlight appears yellow.
B. Blue, violet.
C. Black, blue.
D. Brown, white.
B. Warm colors can make people excited.
C. People who like to be with others don"t like red.
D. Where there are warm colors, people want to be active.
B. Orange for dining-rooms.
C. Blue for bedrooms.
D. Red for studies.
B. Warm colors remind people of warm days.
C. Cool colors remind people of cool days.
D. People have an agreeable opinion of warm colors and cool colors.
- 1下列动物中营自由生活的腔肠动物是( ) A.血吸虫B.猪肉绦虫C.涡虫D.海葵
- 2—What"s your favourite ______, Grandpa? —Chinese tea. [
- 3下列省区轮廓与其对应的简称不正确的是:A B C D
- 4已知函数的导数为,则数列的前项和是( )A.B.C.D.
- 5下图为生物圈中碳循环的示意图,请据图分析回答下列问题: (1)图中食物链起始的生物是_______。(2)图中甲、乙都具
- 6中国是一个拥有五千多年灿烂文明的古国,有着优秀的文化传统。“中华民族的优秀文化”应该包括 [ ]①中国古代
- 7请根据提示完成古诗名句的填写。 诗中景。白居易的“几处早莺争暖树,_______①______”让我们看到一派充满生机
- 8已知函数在上有三个零点,则实数的取值范围是 .
- 9既参加和平解决西安事变的谈判,又参加过重庆谈判的中共***是[ ]A.***B.刘少奇C.***D.王若飞
- 10阅读下面语段,按要求回答问题:这是几只在山坡上爬行的鹰。臃肿的躯体缓慢地往前 ,翅膀散开着,拖在身后,像一件
- 1本题满分分)已知命题:关于的一元二次方程有两个不相等的实数根,命题:是增函数,若或为真命题,且为假命题,求实数的取值范围
- 2Pop music is such an important part of society_______ it has
- 3There is _____ in today"s newspaper.[ ]A. new something
- 4解方程时,去分母正确的是( )A.B.C.D.
- 5“西湖春色归,春水绿于染”,其原因是( )A.西湖水质受到严重污染B.岸边的绿色倒映在水中C.气温升高,藻类植物大量繁
- 6下列加点的字注音全都正确的一项是:( )A.簇(zú)拥 两颊(jiá) 荸荠(qí) 扪(mén)参历井B.模(m
- 7已知点的极坐标为,下列所给出的四个坐标中不能表示点的坐标是( )A.B.C.D.
- 8质量和初温都相等的甲、乙两个金属球,先把甲球放入一杯水中,甲球放出的热量全部被水吸收时,冷水的温度升高了10℃。取出甲球
- 9根据句意及汉语提示,填入适当的单词,每空一词(每空0.5分,共5分)小题1:I’m ______ _______( 害怕
- 10已知函数f(x)=2sinωx(ω>0)在区间[,]上的最小值是-2,则ω的最小值等于[ ]A.B.C.2