题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station – a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world’s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.
Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States, Switzerland, and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet – a concern they believe the world at large should share.
The Transantarctic Mountain, some of them more than 14,000 feet high, divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. “West” of the mountain, the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet, but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared, the western part of the continent would be reduced to a sparse cluster of island.
While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments, others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of Antarctica, valleys that contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through the mountains of southern Victoria Land, these valleys once held enormous glaciers that descended 9,000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone, perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10,000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blasted out by vicious winds that roars down from the polar plateau to the sea. Left bare are spectacular gorges, rippled fields of sand dunes, clusters of boulders sculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds, and an aura of extraterrestrial desolation.
Despite the unearthly aspect of the dry valleys, some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the verdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them.
小题1:What is the best title for this passage?
A Antarctica and environmental Problems.
B Antarctica: Earth’s Early-Warning station.
C Antarctica: a Unique Observation Post.
D Antarctica: a Mysterious Place.
小题2:What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared?
A The western part of the continent would be disappeared.
B The western part of the continent would be reduced.
C The western part of the continent would become scattered Islands.
D The western part of the continent would be reduced to a cluster of Islands.
小题3:Why are the Dry Valleys left bare?
A Vicious wind blasts the snow away. B It rarely snows.
C Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind. D Sand dunes.
小题4:Which of the following is true?
A The “Dry Valleys” have nothing left inside.
B The “Dry Valleys” never held glaciers.
C The “Dry Valleys” may carry a message of hope for the verdant.
D The “Dry Valleys” are useless to scientists.
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:C
解析
这是一篇有关南极洲科研考察的重要性的科普文章。采用因果,点面结合写法。首先提出:由于南极洲远离污染,又不同于其它任何地方,普遍存在着复杂的地质和生态环境,所以这块地方就可能得到更敏锐又易解释的科学测量结果。它成了监察世界环境变化的观察哨和空间站,后面几段就写了进行考察的方面和结果。
小题1:南极洲和环境问题。
B. 南极洲:地球最早的报警战。C.南极洲:独一无二的观察哨。D. 南极洲:神秘的地方。三项都是总内容众的组成部分。
小题2:大陆西部成为一群岛屿。第三段“横断南极的山脉,有的高达一万四千多英尺,把这大陆分成情况各异的两个地区。山脉以东的大陆部分是由差不多两英里厚的冰层覆盖的高原;山脉以西,即美洲以南的半个大陆也为冰层所覆盖。可是,这里冰层覆盖在大大低于海平面的岩石。如果西南极洲冰层消失,那这大陆西部将成为稀疏的岛群。”
A. 大陆西部将小时。B. 大陆西部缩小。 D. 大陆西部将成为分散的岛屿。
小题3:因为地球变暖和狂风劲吹。在第四段:“……这些干谷甚至在寒冬季节也很少有冰雪。它们插在南维多利亚陆地的山脉中,一度曾有从极地高原到罗斯海的深度为9000英尺的冰河。现在冰河已不存在,很可能是冰期之后一万年间地球变暖的结果。即使落入干谷的雪也被从极地高原咆哮入海的邪恶狂风吹散了。留下来的是裸露的壮观的峡谷,沙丘起伏的原野,被时速一百英里的大风雕刻成奇形怪状的大砾石,形成与世隔绝的荒凉景象。”
A. 邪恶的狂风吹走了雪。B. 它很少下雪。D.沙丘。这三项只是干谷现象的一部分。
小题4:他们可能为地球上绿色地区带来了希望的信息。答案是第五段第一句“尽管干谷具有神秘的一面,科学家却相信他们可能为地球上葱绿的地方带来了希望的信息。”
A.干谷内什么都没有留下。B. 干谷内从没有冰河。D. 按照科学家的看法,干谷毫无用处。
核心考点
试题【Antarctica and Environment Antarctica has actually become a kind of space statio】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Do not open any files attached to an e-mail from an unknown, suspicious or untrustworthy source.
Do not open any files attached to an e-mail unless you know what it is, even if it appears to come from a dear friend or someone you know. Some viruses can replicate(复制) themselves and spread through e-mail. Better be safe that sorry and confirm that they really sent it .
Do not open any files attached to an e-mail if the subject line is questionable or unexpected. If the need to do so is there always save the file to your hard drive before doing so.
Delete chain e-mails and junk e-mail. Do not forward(转寄) or reply to any of them. These types of e-mail are considered spam(垃圾邮件), which contains lots of annoying advertisements and useless information.
Do not download any files from strangers.
Be careful when downloading files from the Internet. Ensure that the source is a legitimate(合法的)and reputable one. Verify(证实)that an anti-virus program checks the files on the download site. If you are uncertain, don’t download the file at all or download the file to a floppy(软盘)and test it with your own anti-virus software.
Update your anti-virus software regularly. Over 500 viruses are discovered each month, so you’ll want to be protected. These updates should be at least the products virus signature files. You may also need to update the product’s scanning engine as well.
Back up(备份) your files on a regular basis. If a virus destroys your files, at least you can replace them with your backup copy. You should store your backup copy in a separate location from your work files, one that is preferably not on your computer.
小题1:This passage mainly tells us .
A.What a computer virus is |
B.how to use e-mail safely |
C.how to use computers safely |
D.how to prevent computer viruses |
A.A computer virus is a kind of worm |
B.Not all computer viruses are manmade |
C.Computer viruses run according to our wishes |
D.A computer virus is a program or piece of code. |
A.open all the files we receive |
B.open any file even if we don’t know what it is |
C.not open any files if the subject line is questionable |
D.forward or reply to junk e-mail. |
A.We’d better not down load any files from strangers. |
B.We’d better download files from a legitimate and reputable source. |
C.We should update our anti-virus software regularly. |
D.We should store our backup copy in the same location as our work files. |
Sri Lanka wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian Ocean island’s coast seemingly missed wild beasts, with no dead animals found.
“No elephants are dead, not even a dead hare or rabbit. I think animals can sense disaster. They have a sixth sense. They know when things are happening,” H.D. Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri Lanka’s Wildlife Department, said on Wednesday.
The waves washed floodwaters up to 3 km (2 miles) inland at Yala National Park in the southeast, Sri Lanka’s biggest wildlife reserve and home to hundreds of wild elephants. “There has been a lot of evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. But it has not been proven,” said Matthew van Lierop, an animal behaviour specialist at Johannesburg Zoo.
“There have been no specific studies because you can’t really test it in a lab or field setting,” he said.
Other authorities agreed with this conclusion.
“Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain phenomenon, especially birds. There are many reports of birds detecting coming disasters,” said Clive Walker, who has written several books on African wildlife.
Animals certainly rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators(食肉动物).
The idea of an animal “sixth sense” is a lasting one that the evidence on Sri Lanka’s damaged coast is likely to add to.
小题1:This passage is mainly about________.
A.the damage that was caused in the Indian Ocean tsunami |
B.why animals can save them from natural disasters |
C.how to protect the wildlife when disaster happens |
D.the different opinions about animals’ natural power |
A.It has been proved that animals have a “sixth sense”. |
B.Research has been made on the special movements of animals before disasters. |
C.It’s generally considered that animals can sense the coming of disasters. |
D.Animals have depended on the known senses to escape the Indian Ocean tsunami. |
A.It is the natural ability of animals that can save them from danger. |
B.It is the animal’s imagination in the brain. |
C.It is some hidden power to say in advance that something will happen. |
D.It is a kind of sense that is the same as smell or hearing. |
A.News Report. | B.Discovery. | C.Science Fiction. | D.Culture. |
The Food and Drug Administration says meat and milk from clones of adult cattle, pigs and goats are safe to eat. An F.D.A. official called them "as safe to eat as the food we eat every day." And when those clones reproduce sexually(有性繁殖), the agency says, their offspring(后代) are safe to eat as well. But research on cloned sheep is limited. So the F.D.A. proposes that sheep clones not be used for human food.
The United States this year could become the first country to approve the sale of foods from cloned animals. First, however, the public will have ninety days to comment on three proposed documents. On December 28th the F.D.A. released a long report, called a draft risk assessment, along with two policy documents.
The agency says it must receive comments by April second. The F.D.A. seemed ready to act several years ago, but an advisory committee called for more research.
For now, the government will continue to ask producers to honor a request that they not sell foods from cloned animals.
Clones are still rare. They cost a lot and are difficult to produce.
The F.D.A. says most food from cloning is expected to come not from clones themselves, but from their sexually reproduced offspring. It says clones are expected to be used mostly as breeding animals to spread good qualities.
Public opinion studies show most Americans do not like the idea of food from cloned animals. But this research also shows the public knows little about cloning.
Cloning differs from genetic engineering. A cell taken from a so-called donor animals is grown into an embryo(胚胎)in the laboratory. Next, the embryo is placed into the uterus(子宫)of a female animal. If the process is successful, the pregnancy reaches full term and a genetic copy of the donor animal is born.
小题1:From the passage we know that .
A.foods from cloned animals are popular in America |
B.cloned adult animals are safe to eat except sheep. |
C.cloned animals will be easy to produce |
D.most foods from cloning is expected to take place of other foods |
A.tell a interesting story | B.give some advice on foods |
C.give a report | D.compare different opinions |
A. Most Americans B. An advisory committee
C. Critics D. The F.D.A.
小题4:It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .
A.cloning has much in common with genetic |
B.not every cell taken from a donor animal can grow into a genetic copy |
C.the donor animal should be a female one |
D.cloned animals grow faster than normal ones |
As time went by, these small family clans joined with others to form larger groups for protection. Joining with other clans gave them more hunters and more women to help cut up the meat and share it between families. Eventually, people tamed(驯养)wild animals such as dogs and horses. People settled around rivers and fertile plains to share responsibilities and duties. Then, people began to plant crops instead of moving to areas where the plants grew. This development changed the environment.
Traditional forms of work also changed. Some people were better at performing a particular task than other clan members, so then began to specialize in things they were good at doing. This also meant that they began to exchange their goods for things that others produced.
People began to communicate with distant tribes. Land was cleared for roads. Foreign plants and animals were transported to places where they had not existed before. Specialization also give people more free time. So art ,dance and music became important ways of expressing feelings and thoughts. This was how many great civilizations started.
Compared to the past, modern civilization has experienced many changes to become the highly developed society that exists today. Populations have increased rapidly. Forests have been cleared for farms. Inventions and technology have made work easier.
However, pollution and other serious problems have also resulted from human progress. As concerned citizens, it is up to us to learn from past mistakes and to help maintain and improve our environment.
小题1:Early tribes didn’t have much effect on animal population because_____
A .they kept animals for themselves B they ate only vegetables
C they loved animals D they killed only enough for food
小题2:The main purpose for small clans to join together was_____
A to hurt animals B to seek safety
C to share caves D to protect environment
小题3:According to the passage ,we can learn that_____
A early people moved to new places looking for new sources of food
B modern civilization began when people started to live together in big groups
C modern advancements are always good for the environment
D people began to exchange goods because they didn’t have enough money
小题4:It can be concluded from the passage that_____
A human progress has brought civilization to the society
B civilization has improved traditional forms of work
C early people understood environmental protection
D our environment has been affected by human progress
The first caves discovered beyond the Earth appear as seven mysterious black dots on the pictures sent back by NASA’s Mars Odyssey orbiter. Each as large as a football field, they may be openings into natural caves below the Martian surface.
“If there is life on Mars, there is a good chance you’d find it in caves,” said Jut Wynne, one of the researchers who noticed the features while working on a US Geological Survey Mars Cave Detection Program.
Jonathan Clarke, a geologist with the Mars Society of Australia, yesterday described the discovery as exciting.
One photo taken at night by an infrared imager(红外线成像器) showed one hole to be unusually warm, suggesting hot air trapped during the day is flowing out.
“I said: ‘Wow, that’s a cave’” Dr. Clarke said excitedly. “People have been looking for these for a long time; now we have found them.”
He agreed such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life escaping from the bitterly cold, radiation-soaked(充满辐射的), dry surface.
“Tiny drops of water could collect inside,” he said. “If there are gases coming out, they could provide energy for a whole range of bacteria. A cave is also a protection from radiation; the surface of Mars is exposed to high levels of space radiation.”
The caves probably formed when tube-shaped lave flows(管状岩浆流) spread across the planet long ago. The outside of the tubes cooled, forming solid walls, while something hotter inside allowed the remaining have to flow out, forming caves.
小题1:What does the passage mainly talk about?
A.How the caves were formed on Mars. | B.How scientists found these caves on Mars. |
C.Caves on Mars may be full of hot air or a sign of life. | |
D.Scientists have completely recognized the surface of Mars. |
A.water has already been found on Mars | B.the scientists found all the caves at night |
C.it is certain that there is life in these caves | |
D.the surface of Mars is bitterly cold, radiation-soaked and dry |
A.such caves could provide energy for life | B.they had finally found the caves on Mars |
C.such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life | |
D.scientists had long been looking for these caves |
A.lava and energy | B.water and radiation from space |
C.gases and lava | D.water and protection from radiation |
最新试题
- 1A.B.C.D.
- 2在横线上填上适当的数,使等式成立(-1-2y)(1+______)=4y2-1.
- 3人民币汇率中间价变化表时间人民币汇率中间价2012年9月19日1美元对人民币6.3392元2012年6月19日1美元对人
- 4 At that time we lived in houses which ___________ old, cold
- 5新中国建立初期实行了“一边倒”的外交方针,其含义是指A.只与周边相邻国家确立外交关系B.旗帜鲜明地站在社会主义阵营一边C
- 6下述做法符合低碳生活的是( )A.以煤等燃料作为主要生活燃料B.利用太阳能、风能和氢能等能源替代化石能源C.鼓励私人购
- 7人民币是中华人民共和国大陆地区的法定货币。回答1~2题。1、关于货币的职能,下列说法正确的是[ ]①一台上网本的
- 8下列对货币的认识正确的是A货币可以充当商品交换的媒介 B货币具有价值和使用价值C货币足随着商品的出现而出现的 D货币
- 9今年福州市财政预算超收13亿元,这些钱将集中用于民生建设、新农村建设、生态文明建设、公共基础设施建设等方面,解决人民群众
- 10My pen pal John is _____ the United States, he _____ English
热门考点
- 1关于我国北方地区地形的叙述,正确的是 [ ]A、平原面积广阔 B、山脉主要有大兴安岭、秦岭、阴山 C、有大面积的
- 2下列物质的用途由其化学性质决定的是A.铜丝作导线B.干冰作制冷剂C.一氧化碳作燃料D.活性炭作冰箱除臭剂
- 3下面关于黄河的说法错误的是A.黄河发源于青藏高原上的巴颜喀拉山B.黄河上游的宁夏平原成了塞上江南C.黄河中游流经黄土高原
- 4“计划多一点还是市场多一点,不是社会主义与资本主义的本质区别。”这句话是***同志在下列哪一幅图片中提出的?
- 5近年来,我国华北地区的扬沙、沙暴天气渐趋严重,发生次数增多,影响范围增大,最远的可影响到长江中下游地区,而沙尘主要来自于
- 6同一平面内的四条直线的交点的个数的所有可能值是________.同一平面内的n条直线的交点的最多个数是________.
- 7【题文】函数的单调递减区间是( )A.;B.;C.;D.
- 8如图,某一次函数与反比例函数的图象相交于A(-2,-5)、B(5,n)两点.(1) 求这两个函数的解析式; (2) 联结
- 9下列句中加粗的熟语,使用不恰当的一组是 [ ]A.这条来之不易的大马林鱼是老人85天来唯一的收获,因此,当大鱼被
- 10如图是高产倒伏的小麦与低产抗倒伏小麦杂交产生高产抗倒伏小麦的育种过程,请分析回答下列问题.(1)图中涉及的小麦的相对性状