题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Oakley sniffs (嗅) until he comes to a bush, then stops, sits, and looks up at his handler. She bends to see what he has found: the waste of an endangered African wild dog. “Good dog!” she praises. The handler pulls a tennis ball from her pocket. Oakley jumps for his reward.
“He doesn’t actually want the waste,” says Aimee Hurt, a founding member of the U.S.-based group Working Dogs for Conservation. Hurt is in Kenya to train both Oakley and his handler. “He finds it so he can play with his ball. We’re the ones who want the waste.”
Detection dogs are sometimes taught to locate actual animals. Black-footed ferrets (雪貂) have been studied with their help. But more often the dogs learn to locate the waste of creatures such as bears, wolves and mountain lions.
What the dogs find provides scientists with data about a species. Scientists can use the DNA collected from animal waste to identify individuals, sex, and population sizes — all without ever seeing the animal itself. “It can take years to gather this kind of information if you have to trap animals,” Hurt explains.
Waste analysis might make a huge difference when wild species are accused of attacking domestic livestock (家畜). Hurt says, “A good detection dog will find the waste so we can see what the animal is actually eating.” This may help reduce problems between people and wildlife.
小题1: The underlined word “She” in Paragraph 2 refers to “_____”.
| A．the German shepherd |
| B．an African wild dog |
| C．Aimee Hurt |
| D．the handler |
| A．he wants to study endangered animals |
| B．he can get a tennis ball to play with |
| C．he wants to eat it |
| D．he wants to play with it |
| A．Trapping animals is not difficult. |
| B．People are making efforts to protect the environment. |
| C．Detection dogs attack domestic livestock frequently. |
| D．Collecting animal waste is a good way to gather information. |
| A．Detection dogs can help scientists study wildlife. |
| B．Detection dogs can defend wildlife. |
| C．Detection dogs can help the police catch the criminals. |
| D．Detection dogs can help local people defend domestic livestock. |
答案
小题1:D
小题1:B
小题1:D
小题1:A
解析
核心考点
试题【The German shepherd runs off and noses around in the grass of Kenya’s Laikipia P】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
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Researchers who helped discover a new species of Mexican butterfly are offering to sell the naming rights to raise money to fund more research. Co-discoverer Andrew Warren is hoping to raise at least $50,000 by auctioning(拍卖) off the rights to name the 4-inch “owl eye” butterfly, which lives in Sonora, a Mexican state bordering Arizona.
“That would support at least two years of research for our team down in Mexico,” Warren said. “Money goes a long way down here in Mexico.”
According to the scientific tradition, discoverers of a new species have the say in naming it. In recent years, some discoverers have auctioned off their naming rights to raise money.
Warren said the amount being sought for the butterfly is not out of the question, noting that naming rights for a new monkey species brought in $650,000 two years ago. A group of 10 new fish species that went on the naming auction block at the same time earlier this year brought in a total of $2 million.
The butterfly discovered by Warren and researcher George Austin ranges as far north as Mexico.
The butterfly was actually in a collection, misidentified as an example of another new species, at the McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity at the Florida Museum of National History in Gainesville, said Warren. They soon began the hard process of determining that it was indeed a “new” model of butterfly.
After checking photos and comparing it with other known species, they determined it was a separate species.
小题1:Where did the researchers discover the new species of butterflies?
| A．In Sonora. | B．In Mexico state. |
| C．In a place in US. | D．Near the US-Mexico border. |
| A．To raise money for wildlife protection. |
| B．To raise money for more research. |
| C．To cause people’s attention to the new discovery. |
| D．To cover the cost of the research. |
| A．it was a new species at once |
| B．it wasn’t a species of American butterfly |
| C．it belonged to the monarch branches |
| D．it belonged to a new species |
| A．the new species of butterfly live both in the US and Mexico |
| B．it took the researchers a lot of efforts to determine the new species of butterfly |
| C．the researchers are not sure whether they can get the money they want from the auction |
| D．it is the first time that the new species of butterfly has been found |
d behavior. Within a few weeks Annie began to change her attitude and her behavior improved. Praise is one of the most powerful tools parents can use to teach their children good skills and help them grow. Praise works well when it is given and when you remember to use it frequently. It is important to praise all good behavior. Look for the good things your child does. Praise will have a lot of effects on your child. Use the 4 to 1 rule. For every bad behavior you notice, find four good behaviors or reasons to praise. It is a good way to remember to look for good behavior.
Remember to praise the things your child has already done well, or improvements in his behavior and new skills. Show your agreement by smiling and touching his shoulder or back. Be sure to say what your child did well in
detail. Tell your child how good behavior helps and that it is liked by others. 小题1:What was the result of recognizing Annie’s good behavior?
A．She started to correct he r bad behavior. |
| B．She was tired of her parents’ scolding. |
| C．She was not scolded for her bad behavior. |
| D．She spent more time praising her good behavior. |
| A．praising their children for what they did in detail |
| B．encouraging their children to go on doing good things |
| C．telling their children more about their bad behavior |
| D．praising their children in a good way with smiles |
| A．Praising is a better way than scolding. |
| B．Annie was a middle school student. |
| C．Annie’s parents are education experts. |
| D．Parents should not often show agreement. |
| A．How to Praise a Good Child |
| B．A Good Method of Praising Children |
| C．Praise More and Scold Less |
| D．The Importance of Good Behavior |
Lichens live on rocks, branches, houses, and even metal street signs. You can find these colorful organisms (微生物) almost everywhere — from deserts to rainforests, and from Antarctica to Africa. They’ve traveled in outer space, and
some scientists think there might even be lichens on Mars. What you probably don’t realize is that a lichen is more than a single thing. It includes two different types of living organisms: a fungus (菌类) and an alga (藻类). Neither of these organisms is a plant, so the lichen isn’t a plant either.
Through photosynthesis (光合作用), the alga gets the sun’s energy to make food for the fungus, which is the place for the alga to live in. However
, the alga cannot leave the fungus. Around the world, scientists have found tens of thousands of types of lichens. Many may not even have been discovered yet. As scientists continue to find new kinds of lichens, they are also working to understand how they are connected to one another. By putting together a lichen family tree, they hope to understand why so many different types of lichen
s have grown in so many places around the world.Many researchers are trying to understand basic facts about the organisms and their connections. Researchers are also using lichens to examine the health of the environment.
小题1:What do we know about lichens according to the passage?
| A．They will die if they leave Earth. |
| B．There are more lichens than plants on Earth. |
| C．They look similar to the environment around them. |
| D．They are too small to be easily seen by people. |
| A．The way lichens live. |
| B．The natural environment of lichens. |
| C．The way lichens work as organisms. |
| D．The family tree of lichens. |
| A．To understand basic facts about them. |
| B．To creat a lichen family tree. |
| C．To understand how lichens are related to each other. |
| D．To understand why lichens can live in different places. |
| A．lichens can be used to better understand the environment |
| B．lichens don’t have any differences in colors or sizes |
| C．lichens don’t use photosynthesis like a green plant |
| D．scientists have discovered every kind of lichen |
When Peary returned to the United States, he went to a businessman to sell some furs. There he met Matthew Henson, an African American mechanic, builder and navigator. When Peary went to Nicaragua on a Navy mission(任务),Henson went with him. When that job was over, the two headed to the Arctic.
Henson and Peary set sail for Greenland. When they landed, Henson built a house for their base camp. Peary and his men set out to explore the land by dog sledge(雪橇). Henson was injured and had to stay at the base. While there, he made friends with the Inuit, the native people.
In 1895 Henson, Peary and Hugh Lee went out on another dog sledge journey. This time, they found Greenland’s northernmost point. They now knew that the North Pole lay under the frozen Arctic Ocean. Peary had hoped to cross the ice. but the group ran out of food and returned to base camp. In the years that followed, Peary and Henson tried several times to reach the North Pole, but each time they failed. On one trip, Peary’s feet froze, and he lost his toes（脚趾）.
Peary and Henson planned last trip when Peary was 53 years old. They started across the sea ice from Ellesmere Island, which is located（位于） north of Canada. The temperature dropped as low as—51 degrees Celsius. The explores’ cheeks froze , and they suffered snow blindness from the sun’s glare. They experienced high winds and storms, and they also faced a hidden danger. Under the frozen ocean were powerful currents（潮流）. The ice moved and broke apart leaving open water, called leads. Twice Peary fell into leads. But eventually he and Henson became the first persons to reach the North Pole.
小题1: What did Peary and Henson find in 1895?
| A．Greenland is near the Artic Ocean. |
| B．Ellesmere Island is located north of Canada. |
| C．The North Pole is located in the Artic Ocean. |
| D．Greenland’s northernmost point is the North Pole. |
| A．Determined. | B．Modest. | C．Generous. | D．Honest. |
| A．Snow blindness. | B．High winds. | C．Storms. | D．Leads. |
| A．The mapping of the Arctic Ocean. |
| B．Peary and Henson: Arctic explorers |
| C．Early explorers’ trips to the South Pole |
| D．Henson and Peary: discoverers of Greenland |
First-aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and the provider’s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱)injury and paralysis(瘫痪).
Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and pre-existing conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病)or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for a medical card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim’s condition is known by the acronym(首字母缩写词)ABC, which stands for:
A---Airway: is it open and clear?
B---Breathing: is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.
C---Circulation: is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding extremely? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.
小题1: First aid may bring about all the following results EXCEPT____.
| A．saving a victim’s life |
| B．preventing a victim’s condition from getting worse. |
| C．relieving a victim from pain |
| D．helping a person avoid sudden illness or injury |
| A．to make sure what to do and what not to do |
| B．to refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid |
| C．to remove the ring or bracelet he/she may be wearing |
| D．to take him/her to a hospital at once |
| A．remove him from the accident scene | B．turn him over |
| C．call for professional medical help | D．examine him carefully |
| A．the importance of protecting the accident scene |
| B．some basic facts about first aid |
| C．what professional medical help is |
| D．who can offer first aid |
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