题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Like any best friend forever，money demonstrated to researchers its ability to soothe us，reduce our sense of social exclusion and even reduce life’s painful moments．
“I was surprised” says Katherine Vohs，one of the researchers and professor at the University of Minnesota’s Carlson School of Management．“The findings were surprising because no one had connected the meaning of money to pain．The money wasn’t buying the subjects more friends；it was only psychologically helpful.”
In the research ,students were told they would be participating in a test of finger dexterity(敏捷度)．One group was given some paper money to count，while the other group was given blank pieces of paper．Once the counting was complete, all the test subjects were asked to dip their fingers into bowls of water heated to 122 degrees—roughly the temperature of a very hot bath．
Result? Those who had been counting money reported less pain than those who had not．Subjects also were asked about their feelings．Those who handled actual money reported feeling stronger even 10 minutes after they put down the cash．
Combined with previous experiments，the findings confirmed what researchers have long doubted，that money acts as a general panacea(万能药)in the brain，giving us social self-confidence and reducing physical pain without having to spend a dime on aspirin．
But can we get the same effect by using credit cards? “No，credit cards do not have the same effect，” Vohs says．“They are scary for most people，and they in fact represent debt m many ways．”The findings could have an interesting effect in the business world, where recent trends have been to issue non-monetary rewards and bonuses instead of what was thought of as “cold, hard cash”．
小题1:The underlined word “soothe” in Paragraph 2 is the closest in meaning to“____________” .
| A．encourage | B．remind | C．calm | D．trust |
| A．He found it totally unexpected． |
| B．He had no doubt about it． |
| C．He thought it needed further experiments． |
| D．He thought it was not convincing． |
| A．They were divided into two groups according to their ages． |
| B．One group was given paper money while the other was given coins． |
C．They were holding the money while dipping fingers into hot wat er． |
| D．Both groups were asked to dip fingers into hot water． |
| A．the effect of money can only last until we put it down |
| B．money is both psychologically and socially helpful to us |
| C．the result of the research hasn’t been confirmed（证实） by experts |
| D．credit cards have the same effect on us as money |
| A．the recent trend in the business world is to give cash as rewards |
| B．employers should give non-monetary rewards to employees |
| C．cash is a better way to reward employees than credit cards |
| D．more and more employees prefer non-monetary rewards to cash |
答案
小题1:C
小题1:A
小题1:D
小题1:B
小题1:C
解析
核心考点
试题【Who cares if money can’t buy you love? But it can still be your best friend fore】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
A new report from the Center for Evaluation and Education Policy at Indiana University says eighteen states have full-time virtual schools．There are no buildings．All classes are online．
Florida started the first statewide public virtual school in the United States in 1997．Today，the Florida Virtual School offers more man ninety courses．56,000 students were enrolled as of December．Almost sixty percent were female．The school"s website says each student was enrolled in an average of two classes．
Florida Virtual School has now opened the Florida Virtual Global School．Students in other countries pay for classes．Janet Heiking teaches an English class．She lives in Indianapolis, Indiana．Her students live as far away as Africa and Japan．She says they are taking her Advanced Placement class to prepare for attending an American college．They can earn college credits by passing the AP test．
So how good are virtual schools? Studies have shown mixed results, as a new report from Indiana University notes．For example, students at Florida Virtual School earned higher grades than those taking the same courses the traditional way．And they scored higher on a statewide
test．But virtual school students in Kansas and Colorado had lower test scores or performed at a lower level than traditional learners．Studies also find that virtual schools may not save much in operating costs．
Education experts say the mixed results suggest the need for more research to find the best ways to teach in virtual schools．A1so, they say schools of education need to train more teachers to work in both real and virtual classrooms．
小题1:A virtual school is one that___________．
| A．is set up after the rise of the Internet |
| B．uses textbooks as a main teaching resource |
| C．uses computer-based resources and has no teachers |
| D．has online classes and no real classrooms |
| A．Florida | B．Indiana | C．Michigan | D．Colorado |
| A．students in Indiana |
| B．students only around the USA |
| C．students across the world |
| D．only foreign students |
| A．earning college credits |
| B．entering an American college |
| C．learning advanced science |
D．passin g the AP test |
| A．the majority of virtual school students in Florida are male |
| B．all senior students m Michigan have an online learning experience |
| C．virtual schools are better than traditional schools |
| D．both real and virtual classrooms need more trained teachers |
In the past, man did not have to think about the protection of the environment. There were few people on the earth, and natural resources seemed to be 36 ___________ .
Today things are different, the world has become too 37________. We’re using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are 38__________our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on the earth will not survive.
Everyone realizes today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishingmethods, more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many 39_____ are cut down, forests will disappear and nothing will grow on the land. Yet, we 40______ to use bigger and more powerful machines to 41_________more and more trees.
We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. 42_____, in most countries wastes are still put into rivers or into the sea, and there are 43__________laws to stop this.
We know, too, that if the 44_______ of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years there will not be enoughfood. 45________ can we deal with these problems ?
If we eat more vegetables and lessmeat, there will be more food available for everyone. Land that is used to grow cropson feeds five times more people than land 46_____ animals are kept. Our natural resources will last longer if we learn to recycle them. The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control. Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, we 47_____ have a better and clearer planet in the future.
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Successful and happy people have an idea of how their life should be and they set lots of goals to help them succeed. By setting goals you are taking control of your life. It’s like having a map to show you where you want to go. Think of it this way. There are two drivers. One has a destination in mind which is laid out for her on a map. She can drive straight there without any wasted time or wrong turns. The other driver has no goal or destination or map. She starts off at the same time from the same place as the first driver, but she drives without an aim around, never getting anywhere, just using up gas and oil. Which driver do you want to be？
Winners in life set goals and follow through on them. Winners decide what they want in life and then get there by making plans and setting goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren’t difficult to set―and they aren’t difficult to reach. It’s up to you to find out what your goals and ideals（理想）really are.
Research tells us that when we write a goal down, we are more likely to achieve. Written goals can be reviewed regularly，and have more power. Like a contract with yourself, they are harder to neglect（忽视）or forget. Also when you write your goals in a particular way, you are able to make yourself be continuously alert（警觉）to situations that will further your goals.
小题1:The writer gave the example of two drivers to show .
| A．how stupid the first driver was | B．the importance of having a map and right direction |
| C．how stupid the second driver was | D．the importance of setting goals |
| A．the successful people set goals for everything and can get help from others |
| B．the unsuccessful people always set unrealistic plans for themselves |
| C．the successful people set goals in their lives and make plans to carry it out |
| D．the unsuccessful people make plans for everything but can not work hard |
| A．try to be realistic about one’s ability |
| B．let others help him or her to make his or her dream come true |
| C．let others understand him or her first，then work together with them |
| D．have a clear mind of what he or she wants in life |
| A．Goals can make you gain everything you want in life |
| B．Only successful people can be happy |
| C．If you want to succeed，you need a set long-term goals instead of short-term Goals |
| D．When we put our goal down on papers, we are more likely to succeed |
| A．Goals help you succeed | B．How to succeed |
| C．Why we always failed | D．A research on setting goals |
In the seventies, scientists developed a process called recombinant or RDNA. Although it sounds difficult to understand, RDNA simply means taking DNA from one animal or plant and putting it into another. By doing so, scientists can create new beings. In doing so, scientists can better understand DNA, especially what parts of DNA do what. After they understand DNA, scientists can begin to cure diseases. Often, the new being created will itself be the cure. Besides curing diseases, RDNA research can also do other things. For example, scientists in Japan have already created “super-trees”. Trees help humans, because they take CO2, which poisons humans, from the air and turns it into oxygen, which lets humans breathe. “Super-trees” do this too, but do it much faster. As things such as cars and factories have already put much CO2 in the area, “super-trees” are badly needed.
Unfortunately, there is a serious danger in RDNA research. Scientists want to create animals to cure old diseases, but these new animals may also create new diseases. It will be a serious problem if the animals escape from the science laboratory and into nature. As these animals are not natural, they may let loose many new powerful diseases.
As a result, RDNA research will create many solutions, but it will also create many problems.
小题1: From the passage, we can know that a boy looks like his parents because______.
| A．he is son of his parents. |
| B．his parents’ DNA decides his appearance. |
| C．he has received DNA from his father or his mother. |
| D．scientists have put some of his parents’ DNA into him. |
| A．let … go free | B．get rid of |
| C．absorb | D．survive |
| A．The DNA Research in Japan |
| B．A New Way of DNA Research in Japan. |
| C．The Causes and Effects of DNA Research |
| D．The Advantages And Disadvantages of RDNA |
| A．the research has been stopped because the created animals carry viruses |
| B．“super-trees” might be widely planted around the world |
| C．scientists have not completely understood DNA |
| D．RDNA research will benefit human beings a lot |
You might find this passage in / on a ________. A．fashion magazine B．novel C．scientific newspaper D．sports newspaper
The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans. The other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science.
Scientists have changed the color of a dark-striped zebrafish（斑马鱼） to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish. As with humans, zebrafish skin color is determined by pigment cells, which contain melanin (黑色素). The number, size and darkness of melanin per pigment cell determine skin color.
It appears that, like the golden zebrafish, light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation (变异) in the gene for melanin production. This results in less pigmented skin.
However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation is different in human and zebrafish genes.
Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun (太阳光紫外线), which can cause skin cancer.
But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes, they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according to Cheng.
Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color, said Cheng.
The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.
小题1: The passage mainly tells us that ________.
| A．people can not change their skin color without any pain |
| B．the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely |
| C．pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked |
| D．scientists have found out that people’s skin color is determined by the gene |
| A．nowadays people who want to change their skin color have to suffer a lot from the damage caused by the chemical treatment |
| B．Europeans and Africans have the same gene |
| C．the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer |
| D．there are two kinds of genes |
| A．find the different genes of humans’ |
| B．prove the humans’ skin color is determined by the pigment gene |
| C．find out the reason why the Africans’ skin color is dark |
| D．find out the ways of changing people’s skin color |
| A．they are born light-skinned people |
| B．light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production |
| C．they have fewer activities outside |
| D．they pay much attention to protecting their skin |
| A．neutral（中立的） | B．negative | C．positive | D．indifferent（冷漠） |
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