题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Scientists note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment. They say a baby will smile if her mother does something the baby likes. A baby learns to get the best care possible by smiling to please her mother or other caregiver. This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other human beings.
One study shows that babies can learn before they are born. The researchers placed a tape recorder on the stomach of a pregnant woman. Then, they played a recording of a short story. On the day the baby was born, the researchers attempted to find if he knew the sounds of the story repeated while in his mother. They did this by placing a device in the mouth of the newborn baby. The baby would hear the story if he moved his mouth one way. If the baby moved his mouth the other way, he would hear a different story. The researchers say the baby clearly liked the story he heard before he was born. They say the baby would move his mouth so he could hear the story again and again.
Another study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in their children. Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years. The researchers attempted to measure the sensitivity of the mothers. The women were considered sensitive if they supported their children’s activities and did not interfere unnecessarily. They tested the children for thinking and language development when they were three years old. Also, the researchers observed the women for signs of depression.
The children of depressed women did not do as well in tests as the children of women who did not suffer from depression. The children of depressed women did poorly in tests of language skills and understanding what they hear.
These children also were less cooperative and had more problems dealing with other people. The researchers noted that the sensitivity of the mothers was important to the intelligence development of their children. Children did better when their mothers were caring, even when they suffered from depression.
小题1:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the factor that influences intelligence development in babies?
| A．The environment. | B．Mother’s sensitivity. |
| C．Their peers (同龄人) | D．Education before birth. |
| A．To prove that babies can learn before they are born. |
| B．To prove that babies can learn on the first day they are born. |
| C．To show mothers can strongly influence intelligence development in their babies. |
| D．To indicate early education has a deep effect on the babies’ language skills. |
| A．The children of depressed mothers who cared little for their children. |
| B．The children of women who did not suffer from depression. |
| C．The children of depressed but caring mothers. |
| D．Children with high communication abilities. |
| A．Scientific findings about how babies develop before birth. |
| B．Scientific findings about how the environment has an effect on babies’ intelligence. |
| C．A study shows babies are not able to learn things until they are rice or six months old. |
| D．Scientific findings about how intelligence develops in babies. |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:A
小题4:D
解析
试题分析：本文主要讲述的影响孩子发展的三种因素：环境，母亲以及出生之前受到的胎教。
小题1:C 细节题。根据文章2，3,4段Scientists note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment和Another study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in their children.和One study shows that babies can learn before they are born. The researchers placed a tape recorder on the stomach of a pregnant woman. Then, they played a recording of a short story. 可知ABD三项都是可能影响孩子的因素，只有C项在文章中没有提及。故C正确。
小题2:A 推理题。根据文章第3段开头和最后2句One study shows that babies can learn before they are born. The researchers placed a tape recorder on the stomach of a pregnant woman. Then, they played a recording of a short story. 和The researchers say the baby clearly liked the story he heard before he was born. They say the baby would move his mouth so he could hear the story again and again.可知这个实验正是为了说明出生之前的教育对孩子的影响。故A正确。
小题3:A 推理题。根据文章倒数第2段The children of depressed women did not do as well in tests as the children of women who did not suffer from depression.可知A项也就是那些母亲很压抑，心情不好的孩子表现很不好。故A正确。
小题4:D 主旨大意题。根据文章2，3,4段内容可知本文主要讲述的是影响孩子智力发展的三种主要因素。故D正确。
核心考点
试题【Not long ago, people thought babies were not able to learn things until they wer】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
● To save time and money, use the college’s bus system. Taking the bus to school is quick, easy and free in most college towns. You won’t have to locate or afford a place to park either. It’s also a good way to be environmentally aware.
● Save pennies on books by waiting until class starts. You might not even need all of the recommended books. New textbooks cost an arm and a leg. Try buying used textbooks — it’s a surefire way to save money and serves the purpose as well.
● Do never look at college life as an endless series of parties and social activities. But there is a whole lot more to college if you’re serious about graduating. Having a good college experience is all about balancing work and fun.
● Be aware that your living environment can largely affect your academic success. If the dorm doesn’t suit you, consider living at home with your family or renting your own apartment. The best location for your studies isn’t always your dorm. Find a quiet area, like the library, to do your work. Alternatively, buy some headphones that block out noise.
● Be mindful of your diet. Make healthy food choices and watch what you eat. Avoid foods that are processed or high in sugar. The “freshman 15” is real. Many college students gain at least 15 pounds during their freshmen year.
● While electives (选修课) can be helpful when figuring out your major, you shouldn’t entirely rely on them. Clubs and other organizations exist around. Get involved. Make sure, though, that you still have time to study. Having too much on your plate can hurt your grades.
小题1:Which of the following ideas can be financially wise?
| A．Driving your own car. | B．Buying used books. |
| C．Renting an apartment. | D．Attending activities. |
| A．academic failures | B．physical problems |
| C．traffic accidents | D．social activities |
| A．attend limited activities on campus |
| B．have little regular physical exercise |
| C．focus less on their academic work |
| D．take relaxed attitudes to their diets |
| A．using too much money for meals |
| B．eating too many unhealthy foods |
| C．taking part in too many after-class activities |
| D．taking an elective that has too many students |
Scientists played a selection of music to a group of South American cotton-top monkeys but the only sound that got a reaction were from the heavy metal band Metallica. They were seemingly disinterested in Led Zeppelin, Miles Davis and Bach, but after the beautiful sound of Master of Puppets by Metallica was played the monkeys calmed down.
"Monkeys interpret rising and falling sounds differently than humans. Oddly, their only response to several samples of human music was a calming response to the heavy-metal band Metallica," said Professor Charles Snowdon, from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Rather than making them excited or aggressive, the heavy metal tracks had a comforting effect. Dr Snowdon, who teamed up with National Symphony Orchestra musican David Teie, also played the monkeys music composed specifically for them. Although they enjoyed Metallica, they were much more interested in these pieces.
A melody(乐曲) based on the short calls of scared monkeys led to anxiety levels rapidly growing, researchers found, while one based on long calls the creatures make when they are happy had a calming effect.
Frans B.M. de Waal, a professor of psychology at Emory University who studies animals, said the findings appear to say more about how monkeys respond to the sounds they make than they do about music or the evolution of music.
Dr Snowdon no longer has a monkey colony to use in his research, but he said his co-author David Teie is exploring the concept of music for cats.
"If we understand how we can affect their emotional states through using musical sound and aspects of our speech, maybe those of us living with companion animals can have a better relationship with them, too," Snowdon said.
小题1:The research mentioned in the passage is mainly about ______.
| A．the change of music over time | B．animals’ response to music |
| C．special music for animals | D．the origin of music |
| A．looked anxious | B．became restless |
| C．felt at ease | D．made long calls |
| A．of Led Zeppelin | B．of Miles Davis |
| C．of Metallica | D．specially composed for them |
| A．build better ties between animals and humans |
| B．compare monkeys and cats in term of music |
| C．develop new music based on animals’ calls |
| D．find better ways to keep animals under control |
This made me start questioning myself and what I had been raised to believe. I was raised to believe that a quiet, calm child was a sure way to success. This child would have the willpower to study hard, get good grades and become someone important in life.
Now those same people perhaps come to realize that their kids are born with their own sets of DNA and personality qualities, and all you can do is loving and accepting them. As parents, throughout their growing years and beyond that, we need to be our kids’ best cheerleaders, guiding them and helping them find their way.
I have stopped asking my son to sit down and concentrate. Obviously, he is concentrating just in his own way and not mine. We need to learn to accept our kids’ ways of doing things. Some way may have worked for me but doesn’t mean we need to carry it through generations. There is nothing sweeter than being personal and unique (独特的). It makes us free and happy and that’s just the way I want my kids to live their own life.
小题1:Time and again the author got his son seated in order to make him ______.
| A．work fast | B．go polite | C．stay relaxed | D．keep attentive |
| A．his son’s doing better while standing up |
| B．his failure in keeping his son under control |
| C．his own experience as a school boy |
| D．his disappointment with his active child |
| A．correct their kids’ manners from the early ages |
| B．respect and trust their kids’ ways of behaviors |
| C．develop a good relationship with their children |
| D．guarantee their children’s freedom at home |
| A．Parental help with teens’ study |
| B．Adult influence on teen growth |
| C．Kids’ success in their own styles |
| D．Friendship between generations |
Having just quit a highly moneymaking job with tech giant Microsoft in the United States，where he’d made millions working as a program manager，Patrick Awuah would wake up once in a while wondering if he’d done the right thing．
What Awuah wanted was to create a university in his native Ghana．a state-of-the-art education centre that would help educate the country’s next generation of leaders．Awuah moved with his family back to Ghana．There，he invested his own money and with the help of other donors he founded Ashesi University．
“Africa needs to have a renaissance(复兴),” says Awuah as he explained what drove him to take the risky decision．“The world needs to change in this way and I strongly believe that people like me need to be part of the solution；I need to be really actively involved in helping to drive this change in Africa‘‘
Located about an hour"s drive from the capital Accra，Ashesi，which appropriately translates to “beginning,” is the first Ghanaian university to combine technical majors with a liberal arts approach．Its campus，set on 100 acres in a town called Berekuso，was designed to be inspiring for the more than 500 young Ghanaians studying there．
“So when I look at universities I see Africa fast—forward 30 years．When this 20-year-old is now in his or her 50s，that person is going to be a leader．”
Today Ashesi，which celebrates its 10th anniversary this year，offers degrees in business，information systems and computer science．There are plans to offer engineering and economics majors in the near future．The school’s graduation rate is between 70％and 90％，according to Awuah．
In our last freshman class，50％ of the students paid full tuition(学费)，25％were on full scholarships and 25％on partial scholarships ,”he said．“The reason why variety is so important is that the most important conversation on campus is a conversation about the good society—what is the good society we would like to see in Africa? That conversation is a lot more interesting if you have variety in the classroom，”adds Awuah．
小题1:In Awuah’s opinion，Africa should be changed by
| A．investing more money for development |
| B．developing computer science |
| C．training future leaders for development |
| D．founding more universities |
| A．Awuah regretted that he had once worked with Microsoft |
| B．Awuah would doubt if he should resign from Microsoft |
| C．Awuah wondered whether it was right to invest for a university |
| D．Awuah felt it wrong that he had refused a job with a large salary |
| A．came into being 10 years ago | B．was named with “beginning” |
| C．is located in the capital of Ghan | D．will be run for 30 years |
| A．Ashesi has offered five degrees since it was founded． |
| B．Awuah had earned millions of dollars before he left Microsoft． |
| C．50％ of the new students in Ashesi receive education for free． |
| D．Awuah was the only investor in setting up Ashesi University． |
Pupils remember more and behave better when 3D images are used in lessons，research suggests．They are quicker to learn and absorb new concepts，and display higher levels of concentration．
Professor Anne Bamford，of the University of the Arts，London， studied the effectiveness of 3D content in 15 schools across seven countries，including the UK．Pupils in 3D classes can remember more than those in the 2D classes after four weeks，improving test scores by an average of 1 7 percent compared with eight percent for 2D lessons．They gave more detailed answer to the tasks and were more likely to think in 3D, using hand gestures and mime(模仿动作) to answer the test questions successfully．
The teachers commented that the pupils in the 3D groups had deeper understanding，increased attention span．more motivation and higher engagement in the lessons．
Children are used to 3D with the rise of computer games that use the technology—90 percent of those in the study had seen a 3D film．Schools would need 3D—enabled projectors(投影仪)，laptops with good picture capabilities，3D software and glasses for children to introduce animations(动作) into classrooms．
But Danny Nicholson，an educationist，said the technology would be impractical to use in schools and could be costly．He said，“While I think the idea of 3D technology is very interesting， I worry that 3D is a bit of an expensive gimmick(小玩意儿)．There are a few cases where a true 3D image might help，but most of the time，good 2D models that can be moved would be just as effective．”
In the US，one school district in Colorado is already in the process of having 1．000 3D projectors fixed in classrooms．And the University of Caledonia．which carries out scientific research into the Lake Tabon Basin．has used 3D presentations with Grade Six pupils．Those who watched the 3D presentations were more engrossed and reported a general increase in their interest in science compared with students who watched the 2D version．
小题1:What is the main idea of the first three paragraphs?
| A．There are slight differences between 3D and 2D images． |
| B．Pupils perform better when 3D images are used in classes． |
| C．Schools have difficulties in making full use of 3D technology． |
| D．3D technology is always more effective than 2D technology． |
| A．is of no help in classes |
| B．has a bright future in classes |
| C．is more practical than 2D models |
| D．may not be affordable for schools |
| A．3D technology will replace 2D models in the future． |
| B．Many pupils are now more Interested In science than before． |
| C．Teachers will use the 3D technology through specific training． |
| D．3D will soon be put into use in one school district in Colorado． |
| A．absorbed | B．annoyed |
| C．relaxed | D．confused |
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