题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
The research, which followed 200 students for four years, found that women consistently outperformed men in their studies even though they had started their courses with almost identical A-level grades.
An analysis of the results showed that while 65 percent of female graduates were awarded, only 35 percent of male graduates did as well. Girls are known to outperform boys at school, but this research showed that trend continued at university.
Fiona Smith, who led the research, said, “The research shows that the difference has something to do with schools in general.”
“It also shows something about the inequality for working women in terms of pay and promotion. Women work harder at school, harder at university, and do better at both, but they still receive less pay.”
The research found that female students were more faithful, less likely to miss lectures, and more likely to believe that their marks reflected their abilities than male students. Female students were also more likely to ask for and receive support from their professors.
Women were also more likely to choose their universities because they liked the courses offered.
In contrast, men were more likely than women to miss lectures due to “other affairs” and “laziness”, and to believe that playing sports was an important part of university life.
Generally, people think that women’s success comes from more emphasis on coursework, but the research showed that female geographers at Brunel did better in their exams than in their coursework.
Dr Smith said, “Most women feel that getting good grades is the most important part of university life. They believe that they need to work harder in order to compete in the male-dominated (男性主导的) environment they will encounter at work. Good grades are viewed as an ‘insurance policy’ for success. Men, on the other hand, prefer going out and playing sports to academic work.”
“This research shows how important it is to get all young people working hard and teach them the value of higher education,” he said.
小题1:The research at Brunel University showed that women ________.
A.did worse than men both at school and at university |
B.got better grades than men |
C.paid little attention to their courses |
D.often missed classes |
A.They work as hard as women. |
B.They spend as much time on courses as women. |
C.They play a lot more than women. |
D.They consider good grades to be an “insurance policy” for success. |
A.women do better both at school and at university |
B.female students are more likely to ask for and receive support from their professors |
C.compared with men, women are in an unfavorable condition in the male-dominated world |
D.it’s easier for women to get rises in pay and promotion |
A.give the government some advice on higher education |
B.show us some information about higher education |
C.show the sex difference in higher education |
D.make all students work hard and realize the importance of higher education |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:C
小题4:D
解析
试题分析:文莱大学的一项调查说明女性在大学更加刻苦,成绩比男性更好,因为女性要在这个男性主导的社会竞争,必须要有好的成绩,这个研究的目的是让所有的学生努力,并意识到高等教育的重要性。
小题1:细节题:从第一段的句子:Women work harder than men at university and get better degrees as a result, according to a study at Brunel University. 可知文莱大学的一项调查说明女性在大学更加刻苦,成绩比男性更好,选B。
小题2:细节题:从第八段的句子:In contrast, men were more likely than women to miss lectures due to “other affairs” and “laziness”, and to believe that playing sports was an important part of university life.可知男性比女性要玩得多,选C。
小题3:推理题:从第五段的句子:It also shows something about the inequality for working women in terms of pay and promotion. Women work harder at school, harder at university, and do better at both, but they still receive less pay.”可知在男性主导的社会,妇女处于不利的地位,选C。
小题4:细节题:从最后一段的句子:“This research shows how important it is to get all young people working hard and teach them the value of higher education,” he said.可知这个研究的目的是让所有的学生努力,并意识到高等教育的重要性,选D。
核心考点
试题【Women work harder than men at university and get better degrees as a result, acc】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Roho Sally has two long arms with human-like hands. She can use her fingers to pick up small objects .examine them in detail and do most things that human hands can do Each finger contains a tiny motor capable of squeezing 20 pounds of pinch foree ,.enough to defuse a bomb under the direction of an operator. She sits on a metal base with wheels that let her move around. turn in tight spaces and climb over small objects, .
Mike McLoughlin is the main investigator for the Applied Physics Laboratory"s Prosthetics Program. "The purpose of that program is to develop prosthetic arms that have all the capability of your natural arms .and you do all the complex motions that we can do with the natural arm- with the robot. "
It was a difficult job. Mr. McLoughlin says the device had to have many small motors to。 have the ability to do what a human hand does; It also needs to have human-like strength. The thumb was especially difficult because it permits the hand .to hold objects. And everything had. to fit into a space about the size of a human hand.
The next problem .he says .was to figure out how to control the artificial hand. " So we had to figure out how to make the connection between the brain and this arm.
For search-and-rescue duties.Roho Sally will be operated by a human being using a wire- less machine that is far from the robot. The operator will also wear special gloves and glasses. The glasses permit the operator to see the robot"s hands .even though they are far away.
Mr. McLoughlin says this kind of robots could be used in what he calls "dull , dirty or dan- gerous" situations where fine human finger movements are required. He says the technology is not ready for everyday application .but he predicts that within five years we will see some won- derful improvements.
小题1:The underlined word " defuse" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to "_________".
A.remove | B.discover | C.equip | D.produce |
小题3:What can we learn ahout the prosthetic arms according to the passage?
A.They are expected to function as well as natural ones. |
B.They have many large motors controlled by robots. |
C.They have human-like strength to control the robot. |
D.They are connected with human brains. |
A . Its operator doesn"t need any equipment.
B. It has been Widely used in everyday life in the USA.
C. It can work in situations which are dangerous for humans.
D. It has made much money for the designer.
Ideally, much of play involves adults, but when play is controlled by adults, children acquiesce (顺从) to adult rules and concerns and lose some of the benefits play offers them, particularly in developing creativity, leadership, and group skills. In contrast to passive entertainment, play builds active, healthy bodies. In fact, it has been suggested that encouraging unstructured play may be an exceptional way to increase physical activity levels in children, which is one important strategy in the resolution of the obesity problem.
Children’s development is critically influenced by appropriate, affective relationships with loving and consistent caregivers as they relate to children through play. When parents observe their children in play or join with them in child-driven play, they are given a unique opportunity to see the world from their children’s vantage point as the child navigates a world perfectly created just to fit his or her needs. The interactions that occur through play tell children that parents are fully paying attention to them and help to build enduring relationships. Parents who have the opportunity to look at their children’s world learn to communicate more effectively with their children and are given another setting to offer guidance. Less verbal children may be able to express their views, giving their parents an opportunity to gain a fuller understanding of their perspective. Quite simply, play offers parents a wonderful opportunity to engage fully with their children.
Play is essential to the academic environment. It ensures that the school setting attends to the social and emotional development of children as well as their cognitive development. It has been shown to help children adjust to the school setting and even to strengthen children’s learning willingness. Social-emotional learning is best integrated (融合) with academic learning; it is concerning if some of the forces that enhance children’s ability to learn are improved at the expense of others. Play and unscheduled time that allow for peer interactions are important components of social-emotional learning.
小题1:Compared with undirected play, play which is controlled by adults ________.
A.doesn’t benefit the children at all |
B.doesn’t help develop leadership and group skills |
C.makes children become more active |
D.helps increase physical activity levels |
A.play offers parents a good chance to establish good relationships with children |
B.children’s development is greatly influenced by relationships with parents |
C.play helps children better express their views |
D.play offers parents a unique opportunity to see the world from a different perspective |
A.play can’t help children become adapted to the school setting |
B.play makes social-emotional learning and academic learning separated |
C.play is beneficial to social-emotional learning as well as academic learning |
D.it is necessary to strengthen children’s academic development at the expense of others |
A.Undirected play can help children develop team spirit. |
B.Play can improve children’s willingness to learn. |
C.Play helps adults gain a better understanding of the children’s thoughts. |
D.Adults shouldn’t be involved in children’s play. |
For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded. and the record is available for the student to show to potential employers. All this imposes(增加) a constant pressure and stress of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students. the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.
小题1:Normally a student would at least attend __________classes each week.
A.36 | B.12 | C.20 | D.15 |
A.to live in a different university |
B.to change permanently his or her university |
C.to live at home and drive to classes |
D.to get two degrees from two different universities |
A.their academic performance will affect their future careers |
B.they are heavily involved in student affairs |
C.they have to obey university rules |
D.they want to run for positions of authority |
A.they hate the constant pressure and stress of their study |
B.they will then be able to stay longer in the university |
C.such positions help them get better jobs |
D.such positions are usually well paid |
A.dealing with the academic affairs of the university |
B.ensuring that the students observe university regulations |
C.evaluating students" performance by bringing them before a court |
D.keeping up the students" enthusiasm for social activities |
Architect Mick Pearce used precisely the same strategy when designing the Eastgate Building, which has no air-conditioning and almost no heating. The building—the country’s largest commercial and shopping complex—uses less than 10% of the energy of a conventional building of its size. The Eastgate’s owners saved $3.5 million on a $36 million building because an air-conditioning plant didn’t have to be imported.
The complex is actually two buildings linked by bridges across a shady, glass-roofed atrium(天井) open to the air. Fans suck fresh air in from the atrium, blow it upstairs through hollow spaces under the floors and from there into each office through baseboard vents(通风口). As it rises and warms, it is drawn out via ceiling vents and finally exists through forty-eight brick chimneys.
During summer’s cool nights, big fans blow air through the building seven times an hour to cool the empty floors. By day, smaller fans blow two changes of air an hour through the building, to circulate the air which has been in contact with the cool floors. For winter days, there are small heaters in the vents.
This is all possible only because Harare is 1600 feet above sea level, has cloudless skies, little dampness and rapid temperature swings—days as warm as 31℃ commonly drop to 14℃ at night. “You couldn’t do this in New York, with its fantastically hot summers and fantastically cold winters,” Pearce said.
The engineering firm of Ove Arup&Partners monitors daily temperatures. It is found that the temperature of the building has generally stayed between 23℃ and 25℃, with the exception of the annual hot period just before the summer rains in October and three days in November, when a doorkeeper accidentally switched off the fans at night. And the air is fresh—far more so than in air-conditioned building, where up to 30% of the air is recycled.
小题1:What’s the meaning of “complex” in the second paragraph?
A.Something that is difficult to understand. |
B.A group of buildings together in one place. |
C.A group of things that are connected. |
D.A mental state that is not normal. |
A.By fans. | B.Via ceiling vents. |
C.Through chimneys. | D.Via ceiling vents and through chimneys. |
A.Skies without clouds. |
B.Little dampness. |
C.Daily rapid temperature changes |
D.Seasonal rapid temperature changes. |
A.It changes in a certain range with some exception. |
B.It changes from one extreme to another. |
C.It remains the same without any exception. |
D.It is hard to endure. |
A.The engineering firm of Ove Arup&Partners. |
B.How air-conditioning works. |
C.Fans make Eastgate Building’s temperature comfortable. |
D.How Eastgate Building’s temperature control system works. |
According to Braintrack, a higher education database with worldwide reach, more than 3 billion US dollars (18 billion yuan) in private scholarships are awarded to college students annually. Average awards range from $2,000 to $3,000.
The scholarship application process is similar to the college application process: forms to be completed, test scores and transcripts to be sent, essays to be written and often interviews to be prepared for.
A few great places to start looking for scholarships are: www.fastweb.com, www.finaid.org and www.collegexpress.com.Check out the annual scholarship guidebooks Scholarships, Grants & Prizes by Peterson’s and the Ultimate Scholarship Book: Billions of Dollars in Scholarships, Grants and Prizes by Gen Tanabe and Kelly Tanabe.
Be selective. Thoroughly research the qualifications required by each of the scholarships. Don’t waste your time applying for those that are need-based if you can’t produce the appropriate documents.
Research past recipients (接受者). Check out the websites of the organizations sponsoring the scholarships. Many post the biographies of past recipients. You don’t need to have cured cancer, but if you don’t think your résumé (履历) measures up to the past winners’, you might be better served by moving onto the next scholarship on your list. Prepare for the interview.
You’ll want to dazzle them with your personality, but above all you’ll want to be prepared. Find someone you trust to conduct a similar interview with you – someone who will be honest with you and provide valuable suggestions.
Let your personality shine through in your essays. The essays are the best way for students to share who they are, where they’ve come from, what they’ve overcome and so on. Tell your story in an interesting and persuasive way. And if you do have an interview, send a thank-you note afterward.
By Lee Bierer
小题1:What is the author’s main purpose in writing the article?
A.To explain where to find scholarships for US colleges. |
B.To inform readers of the scholarship application process. |
C.To introduce some typical scholarships offered by US colleges. |
D.To give tips on applying for US college scholarships. |
A.www.collegexpress.com |
B.the annual scholarship guidebooks published by Peterson’s |
C.the websites of the organizations sponsoring the scholarships |
D.The Ultimate Scholarship Book: Billions of Dollars in Scholarships, Grants and Prizes |
A.influence | B.impress | C.guide | D.present |
A.apply for as many scholarships as you can |
B.tell an interesting story in your essay |
C.do a similar interview to help you prepare for the real one |
D.have a talk with past recipients and try to talk like they do |
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