题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
According to a new study by a British university，learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power，Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter．This is the area of the brain which processes information．It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles．
The study also found the effect is greater，the younger people learn a second language.
A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli，from University College London，took a group of Britons who only spoke English．They were compared with a goup of “early bilinguals．’’who had learnt a second language before the age of five，as well as a number of later learners．
Scans showed that grey matter density(密度)in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language．But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language，the smaller the difference.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，”said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn．
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. ‘‘Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，”he said．“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas．”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34. Reading，writing，and comprehension were all tested．The results showed，that the younger they started to learn，the better．“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，’’explained the scientists．
小题1:The main subject talked about in this passage is
| A．language can help brain power |
| B．man"s ability of learning a second language |
| C．science on learning a second language |
| D．language learning and maths study |
| A．say language is also a kind of physical labor |
| B．make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well |
| C．show the importance of using the language when you learn the language |
| D．prove that one needs more practice when he(she)is learning a language |
| A．people who can speak two languages |
| B．second language learners |
| C．researchers on language learning |
| D．active language learners |
| A．the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people’s brain |
| B．there is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesn’t know a second language |
| C．the earlier you start to learn a second language，the higher the grey matter density is |
| D．the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time |
| A．learning a second language is the same as studying maths |
| B．Italian is the best choice for you as a second language |
| C．you’d better choose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a second language |
| D．early learning of a second language helps you a great deal in studying other subjects |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:C
小题5:D
解析
试题分析：文章讲述的正是学习另外一门语言可以让人更加聪明，可帮助提升脑力。
小题1:主旨大意题。从第一段的句子：Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?可知文章讲述的正是学习另外一门语言可以让人更加聪明，可帮助提升脑力。选A。
小题2:推理题。从第二段的句子：learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power，Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter．This is the area of the brain which processes information．可知作者提到锻炼，说明使读者相信语言学习可以增强肌肉，而学习外语可以提高智力，故B正确。
小题3:猜测词义题。根据划线词的下文可知这里的bilingual是指who had learnt a second language before the age of five可知他是能讲两种语言的人，故A正确。
小题4:推理题。根据文章第五段But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.可知越早学习一门外语，灰白质的密度越高，C正确。
小题5: 细节题：从文章最后一段的句子：The results showed，that the younger they started to learn，the better．“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，’’explained the scientists．
可知作者想要告诉我们早期学习一门外语对其他科目的学习也是有好处的。选D。
核心考点
试题【 If English means endless new words，difficult gramrnar and sometimes strange pro】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
That was before we entered the permissive period in educafion in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school．The schools and the educators made it easy on us．They thought that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators，turned on the television，left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacation．
Now teachers，faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years，are realizing we’ve made a terrible mistake．One such teacher is Sharon Klompus who says of her students-“so passive”-and-wonders what happened．Nothing was demanded of them，she believes. Television，says Klompus，contributes to children’s passivity．“We’re not training kids to work any more,” says Klompus．“we’re talking about a generation of kids who’ve never been hurt or hungry．They have learned somebody will always do it for them. Instead of saying ‘go look it up’，you tell them the answer．It takes greater energy to say no to a kid．”
Yes，it does．It takes energy and it takes work. It’s time for parents to end their vacation and come back to work．It’s time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but it"s for their own good．It’s time to start telling them no again.
小题1:Why are children becoming more inactive in study?
| A．Because they watch TV too often |
| B．Because they have done too much homework． |
| C．Because they have to fulfill too many duties． |
| D．Because teachers are too strict with them． |
| A．it is easier to say no than to say yes |
| B．neither is easy-to say yes or to say no |
| C．it is easier to say yes than to say no |
| D．neither is difficult-to say yes or to say no |
| A．1earning Latin |
| B．natural development |
| C．discipline |
| D．education at school |
| A．when children are allowed to do what they wish to |
| B．when everything can be taught at school |
| C．when every child can be educated |
| D．when ehildren are permitted to receive education |
| A．Parents should leave their children alone， |
| B．Kids should have more activities at school． |
| C．It’s time to be stricter with our kids． |
| D．Parents should always set a good example to their kids． |
When the earth developed — which scientists believe may have happened about 4 billion years ago — many gases covered the earth. The gases caused the earth to be hot. But something wonderful happened. The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form. It rained very hard for a very long time. This gave the earth its oceans. Water made it possible for plants to grow. The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere. Oxygen is the gas that humans and animals breathe.
Only one other planet in the solar system seems to be something like the earth. That planet is Mars (火星). Mars is smaller than the earth, and it is quite a bit cooler. But it is not too cold for humans. On some days, the temperatures are as low as a winter day in the northern United States. If you wore a special space suit, you could walk around on Mars. You would have to bring your own air to breathe, the air on Mars is too thin to breathe.
Mars has the largest volcano (火山) in the solar system. It is sixteen miles high. The highest volcano on the earth is five miles high. The most unexpected (未预测到的) sight on Mars is dried up river beds. Scientists believe that Mars was once much better than it is now. Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars? Scientists are not sure, but there has been no sign so far.
小题1:Which of the following is NOT the reason that the earth has life?
| A．The earth is just the right temperature. |
| B．The volcanos on earth are lower than those on Mars. |
| C．There is oxygen in the atmosphere of the earth. |
| D．The earth seems to be just the right distance away from the sun. |
| A．the Sun | B．the Moon |
| C．the Earth | D．the Mars |
| A．There could have been living things on Mars. |
| B．Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system. |
| C．There is almost no oxygen in the air on Mars. |
| D．Mars is smaller than the earth, and it is quite a bit cooler. |
They say they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music. But somehow reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that the crowd is doing it. They have come out of their cocoon(蚕茧) -----into a larger cocoon.
It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way. Industry has firmly opened up a teenage market. These days every teenager can learn from newspapers and TV what a teenager should have and be. And many of today’s parents have come to award（奖励） high narks for the popularity of their children. All this adds up to great difficulty for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path.
But the difficulty is worth getting over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records. You may have some thoughts that you don’t care to share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come-----with the people who respect you for who you are. That’s the only kind of popularity that really counts.
小题1:The writer’s purpose in writing this passage is to tell_______.
| A．readers how to be popular in the world |
| B．parents how to control and guide their children |
| C．teenagers how to learn to decide things for themselves |
| D．people how to understand and respect each other |
| A．are not sure of themselves |
| B．have much difficulty in understanding each other |
| C．dare not do things |
| D．are very much afraid of getting lost |
| A．become different from others in as many ways as possible |
| B．find one’s real self |
| C．get into the right reason and become popular |
| D．rebel against parents |
¨We generally found that media use is not a source of conflict in the home" for families with young children, Ellen Wartella, a researcher from Northwestem University, told USA Today． She led a survey of 2,326 parents who have children 8 and younger．It found that in 80 percent of families, children"s media use was not a problem, with 55 percent “not too" or“ not at all" concerned about it． It also showed parents have more positive than negative feelings about how media consumption affects a child"s learning and the development of creativity．The exception is video games, which are viewed more negatively than TV, computers or mobile devices．“Parents rated video games as more likely to have a negative effect on children"s school performance, attention time, creativity, social skills, behavior and sleep than any other medium," the researchers said in a news conference about the survey．
¨The findings exposes a generational shift （转移） in parental attitudes about technology"s role in young children"s lives," said Wartella．“Today"s parents grew up with technology as a central pact of their lives, so they think about it differently than earlier generations of parents, instead of a battle with kids on one side and parents on the other, the use of media and technology has become a family affair． "
The researchers identified three media environments created by parents: media-centric （39 percent of families） , media-moderate （45%）and media-light （16%）． Children in media-centric families spend at least three hours more each day watching TV or using computers, video games and tablet PCs don"t make parenting easier．And 88 percent of parents say they are most likely to turn to toys or activities to keep their children occupied．Slightly fewer turn to books （79%） and TV（78%）．
The survey didn"t look at how media affects children． That"s a topic that the American Academy of Pediatrics has handled a number of times． The AAP says studies have found too much media use can lead to attention- problems, school difficulties, sleep and eating disorders and being fat． In addition, the Internet and cell phones can provide platforms for illegal and risky behaviors．¨By limiting screen time and offering educational media and non-electronic formats （格式）such as books, newspapers and board games, and watching television with their children, parents can help guide their children"s media experience． Putting questionable content into context and teaching kids a700ut advertising contributes to their media literacy （素养） ," it says．
The pediatricians" group says parents should have “screen-free zones" and TV should be turned off during dinner． At most, it recommends children and teens engage with entertainment media for no more than two hours a day and that should be high-quality content． It is important for kids to spend time on outdoor play, reading, hobbies and using their imaginations in free play．“ Kids under 2 should not use television and other entertainment media because their brains are developing quickly and they learn best from direct human interaction," the group says．
An article on screen time by t．he Mayo Clinic also notes problems linked t．o over screen time, including being fat, irregular sleep , behavioral problems , weak school performance , violence and less time for active and creative play．
小题1:Parents have more negative than positive feelings about media consumption like ．
| A．computers | B．smart phones |
| C．video games | D．tablets PCs |
| A．they can limit the screen time |
| B．they want their children happy |
| C．they also grew up with technology |
| D．they can teach their children themselves |
| A．children in media-centric families are smarter than others |
| B．children in media-light families spend one hour watching TV |
| C．more than half of the parents think children"s media use was a problem |
| D．media-centric children spend more than three hours each day on media use |
| A．try to persuade their children to read books |
| B．ask their children questions while watching TV |
| C．allow their children watching TV or using computers |
| D．turn to toys or activities to keep their children occupied |
| A．Media use time for babies under 2 should be limited． |
| B．Entertainment media use should be high-quality content． |
| C．Schools should provide more time for active and creative play． |
| D．Home media use should provide platforms for illegal and risky behaviors． |
That pain of earning and losing money is a feeling that public schools increasingly want to teach. Forty states now offer some type of financial instruction at the high-school level, teaching students how to balance checkbooks and buy stock in math and social-studies classes. Though it"s too early to measure the full influence of the Great Recession（大萧条）, the interest in personal-finance classes has risen since 2007 when bank failures started to occur regularly. Now, many states including Missouri, Utah, and Tennessee require teenagers to take financial classes to graduate from high school. School districts such as Chicago are encouraging money-management classes for kids as young as primary school, and about 300 colleges or universities now offer online personal-finance classes for incoming students. "These classes really say, "This is how you live independently," " says Ted Beck, president of National Endowment for Financial Education.
Rather than teach investment methods or financial skills, these courses offer a back-to-the-basics approach to handling money: Don"t spend what you don"t have. Put part of your monthly salary into a savings account, and invest in the stock market for the long-term rather than short-term gains. For Ray, this means dividing her earnings from her part-time job at a fast-food restaurant into separate envelopes for paying bills, spending and saving. "Money is so hard to make but so easy to spend," she says one weekday after school. "That is the big takeaway."
Teaching kids about the value of cash certainly is one of the programs" goals, but teachers also want students to think hard about their finances long term. It"s easy for teenagers to get annoyed about gas prices because many of them drive cars. But the hard part is urging them to put off the instant satisfaction of buying a new T-shirt or an iPod. "Investing and retirement aren"t things teenagers are thinking about. For them, the future is this weekend," says Gayle Whitefield, a business and marketing teacher at Uth’s Riverton High School.
That’s a big goal for these classes: preventing kids from making the same financial missteps their parents did when it comes to saving, spending, and debt. Though the personal savings rate has increased up to 4. 2 percent, that’s still a far distance from 1982, when Americans saved 11. 2 percent of their incomes. “It’s hard for schools to reach strict money-management skills when teenagers go home and watch their parents increase credit-card debt. It’s like telling your kids not to smoke and then lighting up a cigarette in front of them,” Beck says.
Even with these challenges, students such as Ray say learning about money in school is worthwhile. After Ray finished her financial class, she opened up a savings account at her local bank and started to think more about how she and her family would pay for college. “She just has a better understanding of money and how it affects the world,” says her mother, Darleen－and that’s sown to the details of how money is spent from daily expenses to various taxes. All of this talk of money can make Ray worry, she says, but luckily, she feels prepared to face it.
小题1:The “stock market game” mentioned in Paragraph 1 is meant to .
| A．introduce a new course to students |
| B．help students learn about investment |
| C．teach how to apply for a credit card |
| D．encourage students’ personal savings |
| A．By giving examples. | B．By providing data. |
| C．By raising questions. | D．By making comparisons. |
| A．better students’ learning methods |
| B．prevent students going into debt |
| C．help students get accepted by colleges |
| D．make students become very wealthy |
| A．pay off all her debts. | B．handle her money better |
| C．find a job in a bank. | D．manage the family income |
| A．ways to teach students to earn money |
| B．how Diane Ray learns to value money |
| C．the push to teach personal finance in school |
| D．how students choose a proper financial class |
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