题目
题型：广东省期中题难度：来源：
Brain-computer interface (界面) (BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send
commands to machines.
Recently, two researchers, Jose Milan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school
in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated(展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person"s
thoughts.
In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right
hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.
"Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord(脊髓)to the
muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these
weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles," Tavella says. "Our system allows disabled people
to communicate with external world and also to control devices."
The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the
scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the
motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They
help the computer react to commands from the brain.
Prof. Milan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets
brain signals and turns them into simple commands. "The practical possibilities that BCI technology
offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices.
One example is this wheelchair."
He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a
technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over
long periods of time.
1. BCI is a technology that can _________________.
B. link the human brain with computers
C. help the disabled to recover
D. control a person"s thoughts
2. How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?
A. By controlling his muscles.
B. By talking to the machine.
C. By moving his hand.
D. By using his mind.
3. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?
B. computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
C. scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair
D. cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair
4. The team will test with real patients to .
B. prove the technology useful to them
C. make them live longer
D. learn about their physical condition
B. New Findings About How the Human Brain Works
C. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled
D. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the b】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
school in 2 I have ever taught has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic
skill. There are, however, different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority(优先) it must
be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is how to encourage a
child to express himself freely and confidently in writing 3 holding him back.
If spelling becomes the only focal(焦点的) point of his teacher"s interest, clearly 4 bright child
will be likely to "play safe". He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, 5 (choose)
to avoid adventurous language. That"s why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and
pay attention to content rather than technical ability.
Once I 6 (shock) to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal
experience. "This work is horrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is terrible.
" 7 may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil"s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad
8 (reflect) on the teacher who had omitted(忽视) to read the essay, 9 there existed some
beautiful expressions of the child"s deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to
the errors, 10 if his priorities had centered on the child"s ideas, an expression of his disappointment
with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.
discovered that subterranean (地下的) and aboveground herbivorous (食草的) insects can
communicate with each other by using plants as telephones. Subterranean insects issue chemical
warning signals through the leaves of the plant. This way, aboveground insects are warned that the
plant is already "occupied".
Aboveground, leaf-eating insects prefer plants that have not yet been occupied by subterranean
root-eating insects. Subterranean insects send out chemical signals through the leaves of the plant,
which warn the aboveground insects about their presence. This messaging makes it possible for
spatially-separated insects to avoid each other, so that they do not compete for, the same plant.
In recent years it has been discovered that different types of aboveground insects develop slowly
if they feed on plants that also have subterranean insects and "vice versa (反之亦然). It seems that a
mechanism (机制) has developed through natural selection, which helps the subterranean and
aboveground insects to communicate with each other. This avoids unnecessary competition.
Through the "green telephone lines", subterranean insects can also communicate with a third party,
namely the natural enemy of caterpillars (毛虫). Parasitic wasps (寄生蜂) lay their eggs inside above
ground insects. The wasps also benefit from the signals sent by the leaves, as these help them find more
insects for their eggs.
The communication between subterranean and above- ground insects has only been studied in a
few systems. It is still not clear how widespread this phenomenon is, say the researchers.
B. By giving off particular smells.
C. By making soft and beautiful sounds.
D. By the signals sent by parasitic wasps.
B. choose to leave the plant
C. compete for the same plant
D. fight with the root-eating insects
B. are not occupied by mot-eating insects
C. have more green leaves
D. have more subterranean insects
A. Aboveground insects.
B. Root-eating insects.
C. Caterpillars.
D. Parasitic wasps.
B. How do animals avoid competition?
C. Insects use plants as telephones
D. When plants have subterranean residents
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余项。
familiar, the reading comprehension is no problem, and you are speaking quite fluently. 1
First of all, remember that you are not alone. Listening is probably the most difficult job for almost
all learners of English as a foreign language. 2 what you need to do is to find listening resources. The
Internet is really a useful tool for English students. You can download The RealPlayer from RealMedia.
com. The Real Player allows you to use the Internet like a radio station.
Once you have begun to listen on a regular basis, you might still be frustrated(受阻)by limited
understanding 3
Here is some of the advice I give my students:
Accept the fact that you are not going to understand everything.
Stay relaxed when you do not understand, and try listening to the material for more times.
Do not translate everything into your native language .
4 Don"t concentrate on detail until you have understood the main ideas.
Listen to something you enjoy.
I remember the problems I had in understanding spoken German when I first went to Germany. In
the beginning, when I didn"t understand a word, I insisted on translating it in my mind. 5 Then, after
the first six months, I discovered two extremely important facts; Firstly, translating creates a barrier
between the listener and the speaker. Secondly, most people repeat themselves constantly. By remaining
calm, I noticed that even if I didn"t pay much attention I could usually understand what the speaker had
said.
A. What should you do?
B. But listening is a problem for most of the beginners!
C. However, after several weeks, I got used to the grammar rules
D. The most important thing is to listen as often as possible.
E. This method usually resulted in confusion.
F. Listen for the general idea of the conversation.
G. But you can"t follow a native English speaker at all!
| A. occurred B. extended C. tragedy D. fined E. ignore F. concerns G. suspension H. inevitably I. illegal J. must-have |
| 完形填空。 |
| Today, there are many avenues open to those who wish to continue their education. However, nearly all require some 1 in one"s career in order to attend school full time. Part-time education, that is, attending school at night or for one weekend a month, tends to drag the 2 out over time and puts the completion of a degree program out of reach of many people. 3 , such programs require a fixed time commitment which can also impact 4 on one"s career and family time. Of the many 5 to teaching and learning, however, perhaps the most flexible and accommodating is that called distance learning. Distance learning is an educational method, which allows the students the 6 to study at his or her own pace to achieve the 7 goals, which are so necessary in today"s world. The time required to study may be set aside at the student"s convenience with due 8 to all life"s other requirements. Besides, the student may 9 in distance learning courses from virtually any place in the world, while continuing to pursue their chosen career. Tutorial assistance may be 10 through regular airmail, telephone, fax machine, teleconferencing and over the Internet. Good distance learning programs are characterized by the inclusion of a subject 11 tool with every subject. This precludes(排除) the requirement for a student to travel away from home to take a test. Another characteristic of a good distance-learning program is the 12 of the distance-learning course with the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus. The resultant diploma or degree should also be the same whether distance learning or on-campus study is e mployed. In the final analysis, a good distance learning program has a place not only for the 13 students but also the corporation or business that wants to work in partnership with their employees for the educational benefit, professional development, and business growth of the organization. 14 distance learning programs for their employees gives the business the advantage of retaining(保留) career-minded people while 15 to their personal and professional growth through education. |