注意:每个空格只填1个单词。
depends on getting oxygen from water through parts of its body.
However,birds" respiration (呼吸) is different from that of dogs and is much more efficient
than that of other animals.The lungs take up just 2 percent of a bird"s body volume,yet the bird
quickly takesin large amounts of oxygen and quickly removes waste and excess heat.
There are actually two respiration systems,internal and external.
The external respiration system uses the lungs and a series of air sacs (袋囊) distributed
throughout the body so that the oxygen supply is in direct communication with body parts.Oxygen
is taken in and exchanged for carbon dioxide in the blood,then the carbon dioxide is moved out.
So far,much like dogs.
However,in an important difference,the air flow in a bird is one way,through a series of tubes
and cells,rather than two ways,in and out of the lungs,as it is in dogs.A constant stream of air goes
through lungs and then is channeled through the complex system of air sacs,which also help remove
excess heat,as wellas through hollow bones.The gases are then channeled forward through the lungs
again,then through more air sacs,finally ending up in the windpipe,and are expelled from the body.
The air sac system is bigger than the lungs and takes up 15 percent of the chest and belly area.
Meanwhile,the birds" great oxygen needs are also handled by the internal breathing system.
The oxygen,stored primarily in body fat tissue,is burned through the process of cell respiration.
This process produces both muscular energy and heat.
7.stopping/stop 8.hollw 9.channeled 10.finishing/stopping
old. Yet doctors in the United States say babies begin learning on their first day of life.
Scientists note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment. They say a baby will smile
if her mother does something the baby likes. A baby learns to get the best care possible by smiling to
please her mother or other caregiver. This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other
human
beings.
One study shows that babies can learn before they are born. The researchers placed a tape recorder
on the stomach of a pregnant(***的) woman. Then, they played a recording of a short story. On the
day the baby was born, the researchers attempted to find if he knew the sounds of the story repeated
while in his mother. They did this by placing a device in the mouth of the newborn baby.
The baby would hear the story if he moved his mouth one way. If the baby moved his mouth the
other way, he would hear a different story. The researchers say the baby clearly liked the story he heard
before he was born. They say the baby would move his mouth so he could hear the story again and again.
Another study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in
their children.
Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years.The researchers attempted
to measure the sensitivity of the mothers. The women were considered sensitive if they supported their
children"s activities and did not interfere(干涉) unnecessarily. They tested the children for thinking and
language development when they were three years old. Also, the researchers observed the women for
signs of depression(抑郁症).
The children of depressed women did not do as well in tests as the children of women who did not
suffer from depression. The children of depressed women did poorly in tests of language skills and
understanding what they hear.
These children also were less cooperative and had more problems dealing with other people. The
researchers noted that the sensitivity of the mothers was important to the intelligence (智力)development
of their children. Children did better when their mothers were caring, even when they suffered from
depression.
development in babies?
B. Mother"s sensitivity.
C. Their peers(同龄人).
D.Education before birth.
B. To prove that babies can learn on the first day they are born.
C. To show mothers can strongly influence intelligence development in their babies.
D. To indicate early education has a deep effect on the babies" language skills.
B. The children of women who did not suffer from depression.
C. The children of depressed but caring mothers.
D. Children with high communication abilities.
B. Scientific findings about how the environment has an effect on babies" intelligence.
C. A study shows babies are not able to learn things until they are born or six months old.
D. Scientific findings about how intelligence develops in babies.
piece, a bridge held up by the longest arch in the Western Hemisphere(半球).The Mike
O"Callaghan-Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge, connects the US states of Arizona and Nevada,
crosses the vast chasm (峡谷) 890 feet above the Colorado River that is controlled by the dam.
The striking 1,900-foot-long structure will improve traffic in the region and help protect the
dam from being destroyed. It is the seventh highest bridge in the world, behind four in China,one
in Papua New Guinea and one in the US state of Colorado.
"The Hoover Dam is the greatest civil engineering achievement in America"s history," said the
bridge project manager Dave Zanatell. "Our goal was not to outdo or outshine it. Our goal was to,
in a respectful way,do something that would be great for our generation and that would stand besides
Hoover Dam in a respectful and quality way that would become a part of Hoover"s legacy (遗产)."
Just as the Hoover Dam was built in the heart of the Great Depression (大萧条) and was seen as
an example of the nation"s can-do spirit, some hope this project can also provide some uplift.
The bridge is surprising: at 1,050 feet, its support arch holds up a roadway that lies on 300-foot-Iong
concrete pillars (柱子), some of the tallest in the world. It contains 16 million pounds of steel.
The idea of the bridge came into being in the 1960s because the top of the Hoover Dam has been
a narrow two-lane road that is the fastest route from Arizona to Las Vegas and then the Pacific
Northwest and Canada.
Access to the dam from each direction is a dangerously winding route,but massive trucks and
passenger vehicles shared it for decades. During the day,when thousands of tourists travel to the dam
from Las Vegas three times as many accidents as on a normal road will happen.
The bridge has a sidewalk on the side facing the dam. The wall on both sides is 54 inches high,so
walkers can take photos there.
B. It was built during the hard times.
C. It has the longest arch.
D. It"s the seventh highest dam in the world.
B. To save the cultures.
C. To outdo the dam.
D. To develop the tourism.
B. support in money
C. spiritual encouragement
D. instruction in technology
B. American western development
C. a tour along the Colorado River
D a recently built bridge
Carbon monoxide(一氧化碳) poisoning kills and injures many people and animals around
the world. The gas has been a problem since people first began burning fuels to cook food or to
create heat. It is a problem in all parts of the world that experience cold weather.
Carbon monoxide is called the silent killer because people do not know it is in the air. The gas
has no color. It has no taste. It has no smell. It does not cause burning eyes. And it does not cause
people to cough. But it is very deadly. It robs the body of its ability to use oxygen.
Carbon monoxide decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues. It does this
by linking with the blood. When the gas links with the blood, the blood is no longer able to carry
oxygen to the tissues that need it.
Damage to the body can begin very quickly from large amounts of carbon monoxide. How
quickly this happens depends on the length of time a person is breathing the gas and the amount of
the gas he or she breathes in.
Carbon monoxide poisoning has warning signs. But people have to be awake to recognize them.
Small amounts of the gas will cause a person"s head to hurt. He or she may begin to feel tired. The
person may feel sick. The room may appear to be turning around. The person may have trouble
thinking clearly. People develop severe head pain as the amount of gas continues to enter their blood.
They will begin to feel very tired and sleepy. They may have terrible stomach pains.
Medical experts say carbon monoxide affects people differently. For example, a small child will
experience health problems or die much quicker than an adult will. The general health of the person
or his or her age can also be important. An older adult with health problems may suffer the effects of
carbon monoxide more quickly than a younger person with no health problems. People with heart
disease may suffer chest pains. They may begin to have trouble breathing.
B. Because it is not easily noticed.
C. Because it kills and injures people.
D. Because it always harm people..
B. It decreases the amount of blood in the body.
C. It makes body tissues full of blood.
D. It makes the blood less able to carry oxygen.
B. suffer a severe headache
C. go around in the room
D. have a terrible stomachache
B. Young people are more severely affected than old people.
C. People in poor health may have more severe consequences.
D. People with heart problem only suffer from chest pains.
B. list the damages that carbon monoxide brings to people
C. give advice on how to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning
D. introduce some knowledge about carbon monoxide poisoning
Bringing a giraffe into the world is a tall order.A baby giraffe falls 10 feet from its mother"s
womb (子宫) and usually lands on its 1_.Within seconds it rolls over and tucks(缩拢) its legs
under its body.Gary Richmond describes how a newborn giraffe learns it first 2 in his book,
A View from the Zoo.
The mother giraffe 3 her head long enough to take a quick look.Then she _4 herself
directly over her calf.She waits for about a minute, and then she does the most 5 thing.She
swings her long leg outward and kicks her baby.
If the baby giraffe doesn"t 6 , the violent process is repeated over and over again.The _7
to rise is very important.As the baby calf grows 8 , the mother kicks it again to stimulate(激励)
its efforts.Finally, the calf stands for the first time on its 9 legs.
Then mother giraffe does the most remarkable thing.She kicks it off its feet again. 10 ?
She wants it to remember how it got up.In the wild, baby giraffes must be able to get up as 11
as possible to stay with the herd(鹿群), where there is 12 .Wild animals and hunting dogs all 13
young giraffes, and calves would be punished if the mother didn"t 14 her calf to be watchful and
get up quickly.
Irving Stone 15 this.He spent a lifetime studying 16 , writing novelized biographies of
such men as Michelangelo, Vincent van Gogh, and Charles Darwin.
Stone was once asked if he had found a 17 that runs through the lives of all these exceptional
people.He said, "They are 18 over the head, knocked down, and for years they still get 19 .
But every time they are knocked down, they stand up.You cannot 20 these people.And at the
end of their lives they"ve accomplished some modest part of what they set out to do.
( )2.A.look
( )3.A.raises
( )4.A.throws
( )5.A.difficult
( )6.A.get up
( )7.A.demand
( )8.A.excited
( )9.A.strong
( )10.A.Why
( )11.A.slowly
( )12.A.danger
( )13.A.hate
( )14.A.teach
( )15.A.accepted
( )16.A.kindness
( )17.A.history
( )18.A.injured
( )19.A.nowhere
( )20.A.change
B.move
B.lowers
B.finds
B.greedy
B.work on
B.struggle
B.worried
B.dusty
B.When
B.quickly
B.love
B.punish
B.urge
B.remembered
B.greatness
B.record
B.beaten
B.anywhere
B.support
C.lesson
C.pulls
C.points
C.unreasonable
C.lie down
C.request
C.surprised
C.weak
C.Where
C.carefully
C.silence
C.enjoy
C.remind
C.declared
C.nature
C.thread
C.killed
C.everywhere
C.blame
D.class
D.draws
D.positions
D.uncreative
D.come up
D.failure
D.tired
D.short
D.Which
D.frequently
D.safety
D.watch
D.allow
D.understood.
D.expectation
D.means
D.hurt.
D.somewhere
D.destroy
that began with about 1,000 children in New Zealand has tracked how a child"s low self-control
can predict poor health,money troubles and even a criminal record in their adult years.
Researchers have been studying this group of children for decades now. They observed the
level of self-control the youngsters displayed. Parents,teachers,even the kids themselves,scored
the youngsters on measures like "acting before thinking" and "Persistence in reaching goals."
The study led by Moffitt of Duke University and colleagues followed 1,000 children from
birth to age 32 in Dunedin,New Zealand.
"The children who had the lowest self-control when they were age three to ten,later on had
the most health problems in their 30s," Moffitt said,"and they had the worst financial situation.
They were more likely to have a criminal record and to be raising a child as a single parent on a
very low income. Moffitt explained that self-control problems were widely observed,and weren"t
just a feature of a small group of misbehaving kids.
Moffitt said it"s still unclear why some children have better self-control than others,though she
said other researchers have found that it"s mostly a learned- behavior,with relatively little genetic
influence. But good self-control can be set to run in families because children with good
self-control are more likely to grow up to be healthy and prosperous parents. But the good news,
Moffitt said,is that self-control can be taught by parents,and through school curricula that have
been shown to be effective.
B. self-control was assessed by children"s intelligence
C. self-control in kids tends to determine their future
D. children"s self-control is almost the same at early age
B. get good school performance
C. have better financial planning
D. become wealthy in later life
B. willpower as a child really influences people"s chances of adulthood
C. self-control in childhood has nothing to do with criminal activity
D. scientists know well why some children have better self-control
B. The study is restricted within few participants.
C. Good parenting can improve self-control and life success.
D. It"s never too late to deal with self-control problems.
B. Child"s self-control predicts future health,success
C. Children"s development cannot be changed by teachers
D. How to teach the kids a bit of self-control in schools
- 1进入青春期后,男孩会出现______、女孩会出现______的正常生理现象.
- 2下图这科学家的成就在给人类带来幸福的同时,也给人类带来了巨大灾难,这科学家是;他是哪方面的专家?[ ]A.牛顿、
- 3下列各句中,没有语病的一句是[ ]A.弊案缠身的陈水扁,在面对法庭审问时,千方百计想尽办法洗刷自己的罪行,但是大
- 4漫画“某些‘小吏’”寓意深刻,某些基层干部的这一行为严重违背了“三个代表”重要思想的哪项原则 A.代表先进生产力的发展
- 5Please call Jenny _____ 536-4428. [ ]A. in B. to C.
- 6以下命题:①同一平面内的两条直线不平行就相交;②三角形的外角必定大于它的内角;③两边和其中一边的对角对应相等的两个三角形
- 7下列分子中所有原子都满足最外层为8电子结构的是A.BF3B.H2OC.SiCl4D.PCl5
- 8的系数是( )。
- 9化学反应也可以按不同的角度进行分类,便于了解各类物质的共性和各类反应的本质。按反应物和生成物的类别以及前后物质种类的多少
- 10阅读理解。
- 1组成为C3H5O2Cl的有机物甲,在NaOH溶液中加热后,经酸化可得到组成为C3H6O3的有机物乙。在一定条件下每两分子
- 2____around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bir
- 3依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,衔接最恰当的一组是(3分)中国的和平崛起当然包括“海洋崛起”,中国必将走向陆海兼备的强
- 41949——1956年,中国共产党建立起一套适合中国国情的政治制度,构成了新中国政治体系的基本框架。其中包括[
- 5基本语法1. I was ill ,so I __(不得不)stay at home today.2. Y
- 6亚洲的地势特点是( )A.中间高、两边低B.中间高、四周低C.东西低、南北高D.中国高、伊朗低
- 7在下列文言句子中句式分析错误的一项是A.“他人有心,予忖度之”——夫子之谓也。宾语前置B.《诗三百》,一言以蔽之,曰:“
- 8“主父偃说上(汉武帝)曰:‘今诸侯或连城数十,地方千里。……今诸侯子弟或十数,而适嗣代立,余虽骨肉,无尺地之封,则仁孝之
- 9如图,在所示的刊物上提出过的著名口号是A.师夷长技以制夷B.物竞天择,适者生存C.民主和科学D.联俄、联共、扶助农工
- 10点(2,1)到直线3x -4y + 5=0的距离是( )A.B.C.D.