题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
The soothing(抚慰的)effect is most likely due to the release of the hormone(荷尔蒙), oxytocin(催生素), in the brain, the researchers say. This “love hormone” is known to quell stress and is likely to be involved in social connections, including those between a mother and a child.
Previous work has revealed that this hormone is released during physical contact with a mother. “But it’s clear from these results that a mother’s voice can have the same effect as a hug, even if she isn’t actually standing there,” said the researcher, Leslie Seltzer, a biological scientist.
Seltzer tested a group of 61 girls, aged 7 to 12, by having them make an unprepared speech and solve a series of maths problems in front of a group of strangers, sending their hearts racing and levels of cortisol—a hormone associated with stress—soaring.
Facing a challenge like that raises stress levels of a lot of people. Once stressed, a third of the girls were comforted in person by their mothers with hugs. A third of the girls watched an emotionally neutral 75-minute video. The rest were handed a telephone with their mothers on the line.
For the girls who interacted in person or over the phone with their mothers, the levels of the “love hormone” rose significantly, and the stress-marking hormone was washed away. This effect didn’t show up for participants who watched the video.
Seltzer is now testing the amount of oxytocin released with other communication methods—like text messaging—and hopes to see the research spread out from human subjects. “It’s not just us, of course. Lots of very social species have voices,” she said. “on the one hand, we are curious to see if this effect is unique to humans. On the other, we’re hoping researchers who study vocal communication will consider looking at oxytocin release in other animals and apply it to broader questions of social behavior and evolutionary biology.
小题1:Mothers’ voice over the phone can reduce children’s nerves according to the study, because .
A.children can imagine their mothers’ hugs on the line |
B.children enjoy their mothers’ voice and forget their worries |
C.mothers are good at comforting their children, even on the phone |
D.mothers’ voice can promote the release of the love hormone |
A.cause or bring | B.delay or direct |
C.stop or reduce | D.develop or train |
A.the level of cortisol determines how stressed a person is |
B.the 61 girls were divided into two groups in the research |
C.the recent study had the same results as the previous one |
D.watching a video is the best way to reduce one’s stress |
A.text messaging has the same effect on oxytocin release as telephoning |
B.the effect of a mother"s voice on oxytocin in animals is still not known |
C.the effect of communication on stress is unique to humans |
D.the research has been applied to social behavior and evolutionary biology |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:B
解析
试题分析:
小题1:D 细节题。根据第二段1,2行The soothing(抚慰的)effect is most likely due to the release of the hormone(荷尔蒙), oxytocin(催生素), in the brain, the researchers say.说明原因是在于一种荷尔蒙的分泌,故D正确。
小题2:C 推理题。根据本句This “love hormone” is known to quell stress and is likely to be involved in social connections说明这种荷尔蒙能分解压力,也有可能与人与人之间的联系有关,故C正确。
小题3:A 推理题。根据文章第四段2,3行sending their hearts racing and levels of cortisol—a hormone associated with stress—soaring.和第六段内容For the girls who interacted in person or over the phone with their mothers, the levels of the “love hormone” rose significantly, and the stress-marking hormone was washed away. This effect didn’t show up for participants who watched the video.说明cortisol 的水平决定了人的压力情况,故A正确。
小题4:B 细节题。根据文章最后4行. On the other, we’re hoping researchers who study vocal communication will consider looking at oxytocin release in other animals and apply it to broader questions of social behavior and evolutionary biology.说明这样的研究将在动物生身上进行,故结果还不清楚,故B正确。
点评:文章介绍了妈妈的声音能让孩子镇定,分析了原因,原来是大脑中催生素的释放。本文要求考生有较好的耐心,因为文章中有部分生词可能会影响阅读,要求考生有较好的上下文猜测词义的能力。
核心考点
试题【Mothers can still offer comfort, even from a distance, a new study has found. Th】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
“No! Leave me alone!” Those were the last words I said to him that morning.
My friends called and invited me to go to the mall with them a few hours later. I forgot to be mad at them and went with them. I came home to find a note on the table. My mother put it where I would be sure to see it. “Dad has had an accident. Please meet us at Highland Park Hospital”.
When I reached the hospital, my mother came out and told me my father’s injuries were extensive. “Your father told the driver to leave him alone and just call 911, thank God! If he had moved Daddy, there’s no telling what might have happened. A broken rib(肋骨) might have pierced(穿透) a lung....”
My mother may have said more, but I didn’t hear. I didn’t hear anything except those terrible words: Leave me alone. My dad said them to save himself from being hurt more. How much had I hurt him when I hurled those words at him earlier in the day?
It was several days later that he was finally able to have a conversation. I held his hand gently, afraid of hurting him.
“Daddy... I am so sorry....”
“It’s okay, sweetheart. I’ll be okay.”
“No,” I said, “I mean about what I said to you that day. You know, that morning?”
My father could no more tell a lie than he could fly. He looked at me and said, “Sweetheart, I don’t remember anything about that day, not before, during or after the accident. I remember kissing you goodnight the night before, though.” He managed a weak smile.
My English teacher once told me that words have immeasurable power. They can hurt or they can heal. And we all have the power to choose our words. I intend to do that very carefully from now on.
小题1:The author was in bad mood that morning because _______.
A.his father had a terrible accident |
B.he couldn’t drive to the mall with his friends |
C.his friends hadn’t invited him to the cinema |
D.his father didn’t allow him to go out with his friends |
A.Because he didn’t go along with his father. |
B.Because he was rude to his father that morning. |
C.Because he failed to come earlier after the accident. |
D.Because he couldn’t look after his father in the hospital. |
A.he had a poor memory |
B.he didn’t want to forgive his son |
C.he just wanted to comfort his son |
D.he lost his memory after the accident |
A.Don’t treat your parents badly. |
B.Don’t hurt others with rude words. |
C.Don’t move the injured in an accident. |
D.Don’t be angry with friends at small things. |
friend something important. I tried calling her but I couldn’t get through. So I sent her an e-mail and then I spoke to her on MSN. Without technology I would not have been able to tell her. ”
Staying connected with friends and family is important for us. That’s
why we asked our readers to tell us how cell-phones, e-mail, blogs, text messaging, and personal pages help them keep in touch. More than 1,500 responded.
Most of them told us they couldn’t live without technology: 80%of
teens said they need technology to stay in touch. Almost 30%said they’d be completely out of their friends without their cell-phones and other methods of communication.
What do they do when they’ve got news they need to share now? Most
teens say they try to reach their friends by phone. But if they don’t reach them, they use QQ, e-mails, and text messaging to get the words out.
Lots of people use one way of communication—like text messaging—to
get a friend’s attention and then use another where they can talk more. “My friends and I always tell each other everything that happens. So I send them text messages to tell them to come online so we can talk about it,” said Sabeiha.
“When planning to get together with friends”, Julian said, “the easiest
and fastest way I know is to send a text message to my contact group.”
Jocelyn said. “If I want to go to see a movie with a few friends, I usually
send text message to them. By telephone, you have to call every single friend
one by one. But text messaging allows you to send the same message to as
many as you’d like, which saves a lot of time. ”
小题1:Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A.E-mails. | B.Blogs. | C.Personal pages. | D.Personal letters. |
A.MSN. | B.QQ. | C.Phones. | D.Text message. |
A.send the message | B.send the e-mail |
C.talk with their friends | D.meet their friends |
A.Sport. | B.Education. | C.Technology. | D.Culture. |
I flew to Nairobi in Kenya and spent several days there. At my hotel in Nairobi I met the rest of the group with whom I would spend the next week. We all travelled on the bus together for a 6-hour journey into Tanzania and then Arusha , a quiet town.
After we arrived at our hotel in Arusha , we had dinner and a few drinks. Then we were introduced to more members including Taddeus Minja, the main guide, who was very experienced — climbing Kilimanjaro runs through the generations (代) of his family.
The next day the Lava Expeditions members checked if we had the correct and enough clothing for our expedition on Kilimanjaro. Only one person needed to bring more clothes.
After that we set off, walking in the rain through the beauty of the rainforest, all the way to the first camp. I was happy the next few days as the view was so wonderful and changed every day. I suffered a little during the trip and I felt so tired. But the members of Lava Expeditions provided me with lots of encouragement, which was one of the best memories. Finally we reached the top of Kilimanjaro in bright blue skies.
I felt excited about climbing Kilimanjaro and the feeling didn’t change during my trip. Lava Expeditions looked after me so well that I was deeply thankful for their help.
小题1:How did the author get to Nairobi?
A.By bus. | B.By train. | C.By air. | D.On foot. |
A.He organized the journey. |
B.He was the main guide of Lava Expeditions. |
C.He was the manager of a hotel in Arusha. |
D.He had little knowledge about climbing mountains. |
A.By carrying bags for him. |
B.By offering food to him. |
C.By encouraging him. |
D.By teaching him climbing skills. |
A.Tiring and disappointing. |
B.Tiring but excited. |
C.Dangerous but exciting. |
D.Dangerous and tiring. |
A.To tell readers about Lava Expeditions. |
B.To give readers advice on climbing Kilimanjaro. |
C.To encourage more people to climb Kilimanjaro. |
D.To share his experience of climbing Kilimanjaro. |
Fragile items, like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface, near the ground instead of placing them on cupboards higher up. Never place them near your bed, sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down. When there is a strong movement, these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you.
There is a strong chance of short circuits (短路) and fire breakouts during an earthquake. Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.
During an earthquake, lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged. Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you. Never use the elevator to go down. Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside. Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. Use the staircases at all times.
If you are outdoors, do not take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop your car and stay in a safe place. Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.
If trapped in debris (瓦砾堆), cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing. Tap on a pipe or wall so rescuers can find you. Use a whistle (哨子) if one is available. Never shout for help. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust. Do not light a match because you may burn yourself. Do not move about or kick up dust.
小题1:The purpose of the passage is to tell readers _____.
A.the damage caused by earthquakes |
B.the rescue work after earthquakes |
C.what to do about earthquakes |
D.how to prevent earthquakes |
A.easily broken | B.easily found | C.expensive | D.heavy |
A.on cupboards |
B.in the bedroom |
C.on a lower surface |
D.where children can’t reach them |
A.go out the building at once |
B.turn off electricity and gas immediately |
C.take shelter under a tree |
D.drive to a safe place quickly |
A.Cover their mouth with a handkerchief. |
B.Tap on a pipe or wall for help. |
C.Use a whistle for help. |
D.Light a match for help. |
Keep a normal and healthy state of mind. Our schools and classes are made up of boys and girls. It is very natural for the boys and girls to make friends with each other. We should make as many friends as possible. We should keep in touch with the other sex(性别) in public instead of in secret.
Don’t be too nervous or too shy. If you are a shy person, you can also find a way out. First of all, you can make friends with the students who have the same interest and hobby as you. As both of you have much in common, you may have much to talk about. If you keep doing like that, little by little, you will gladly find you are also as free to express yourself as others.
Don’t fall into the ditch of early love. The boys and girls at adolescence(青春期) are rich in feeling. They are easy to regard the friendship as a sign of love and fall in love with each other at an early age. In my opinion, early love is a green apple that can’t be eaten. An apple won’t taste sweet until it is fully ripe. Boys and girls at middle school are too young to carry the heavy duty of love. Do keep out of early love.
小题1:The main idea of the passage is to ______.
A.tell students to keep away from early love |
B.give some advice on how to associate between boys and girls |
C.tell students how to make friends |
D.teach boys how to talk with girls |
A.with a good state of mind |
B.in real friendship |
C.in public |
D.in secret |
A.find friends with the same interest and hobby first |
B.only have a few friends of the same sex |
C.not make friends with the other sex |
D.not fail in love with other students easily |
A.波浪 | B.泥潭 | C.圈套 | D.迷惑 |
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