题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why quite healthy in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a rather early age, and how the speed of getting old could be slowed down.
With a team of researchers at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages with different jobs. Computer technology helped the researchers to get most exact measurements of the volume of the front and side parts of the brain, which have something to do with intellect and feelings, and decide the human character. As we all know, the back part of the brain, which controls task like eating and breathing, does not contract with age.
Contraction of front and side parts—as cells die off—was seen in some people in their thirties, but it was still not found in some sixty and seventy-year-olds.
Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple way to prevent the contraction—using the head.
The findings show that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. “Those with least possibility,” says Matsuzawa, “are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing the same work day after day in government offices are, however, as possible to have contracting brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.”
小题1:The team of doctors wanted to find out _____.
| A．at what point people grow mentally old |
| B．how to make people live longer |
| C．the size of certain people’s brains |
| D．which people are the most clever |
| A．an examination of farmers in northern Japan |
| B．tests given on a thousand old people |
| C．examining the brain volumes of different people |
| D．using computer technology |
| A．our brains contract as we grow older |
| B．one part of the brain does not contract |
| C．sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-olds |
| D．some people’s brains have contracted earlier than other people’s |
| A．most of us take more exercise |
| B．it’s better to live in the town |
| C．the brain contracts if it is not used |
| D．the more one uses his brain, the sooner he becomes old |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:C
解析
试题分析：文章介绍了一项研究的发现：不经常用脑的人的大脑比经常用脑的人会更早的时候分散注意力。所以要想保持大脑的年轻要多动脑子。
小题1:主旨题：从第二段的句子：Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why quite healthy in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a rather early age, and how the speed of getting old could be slowed down.可知这项调查是想弄清在什么时候人会在精神上变老。选A
小题2:细节题：从第三段的句子：With a team of researchers at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages with different jobs.可知这项研究是建立在对1000个人的脑量的检测的基础上，选C
小题3:细节题：从第四段的句子：Contraction of front and side parts—as cells die off—was seen in some people in their thirties,可知有的人的大脑比别人在更早的时候会分散注意力，选D
小题4:推理题：从倒数第二段的句子：Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple way to prevent the contraction—using the head.可知人的大脑不经常使用会变老，选C
核心考点
试题【If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
“The LF1300 is the world’s first mobile phone that is capable of reading books for the print-disabled, who otherwise could not enjoy them. This is not about making money but about continuing to put froth efforts to reduce the digital difference for the disabled,” LG Vice President said.
Its users can download about 300 audio (声音的) books from the Internet site of LG Sangam Library to their phones for free in two ways. One is to access the digital library’s Website on a computer designed for the blind to get the audio books and transfer them to cell phones. The other is to download the digital books directly with cell phones through the wireless net work by touching a hot key on the LF1300 phone.
On top of its unique feature of reading books, the LF1300 is no worse than the popular top-line phones in both outlooks and functionalities(功能性). The phone is armed with an MP3 player and a Bluetooth headset, enabling users to listen to the music or talk without a cord. The user interface（界面) of the LF1300 is also designed for the blind, enabling phone users to control it through a voice guidance system.
However, because the phone’s internal memory of 17MB is small even for a single audio book file, which takes up 80MB on average, a high-volume external memory is a must for the talking book services.
小题1: are allowed to buy the talking phone.
| A．Disabled people with a certificate |
| B．All the blind and poor-sighted people |
| C．The blind and poor-sighted with a certificate |
| D．Both healthy and disabled citizens |
| A．talking to the microphone |
| B．touching any key |
| C．touching its screen |
| D．touching the hot key |
| A．This is the first time LG Company has done something for the disabled. |
| B．Phone users don’t have to pay much to download the digital books. |
| C．LF1300 has a less attractive outlook than any other top-line phone. |
| D．The disadvantage of LF1300 is that it has too small internal memory. |
| A．A New Type of Cell Phone is on the Market |
| B．Mobile Phones Can Read Books for the Print-Disabled |
| C．The Disabled will Benefit from Cell Phone Producers |
| D．Advanced Technology Helps the Blind Read Books |
Their evidence for recent volcanic activity on Venus comes from a lava(熔岩) flow in the planet’s northern hemisphere. The flow is hotter than the rocks around, which means the lava might still be cooling off. “The flow we studied seems to be very young---it is still warm inside,” Nataliya Bondarenko said.
Venus is a difficult planet to study from Earth because it is surrounded by thick clouds. Telescopes on Earth can’t see through these clouds, so the best information about Venus comes from spacecraft orbiting it.
Bondarenko and her colleagues studied the lava flow using data from NASA’s Magellan mission. That spacecraft spent four years in orbit around Venus and used radar to make a map of 98 percent of the planet’s surface. On October 11th, 1994, the mission ended, and the spacecraft plunged (跌落) through Venus’ heavy cloud cover and crashed onto the planet below.
While in orbit, the Magellan craft sent microwaves, which can go through Venus’ clouds, to the surface. Microwaves are invisible and can be as long as three feet. These waves are a kind of energy, like light. And like light, they bounce off surfaces. The way the waves bounced off the Venus’ surface and back to the craft supplied information that the scientists used to estimate the temperature of various parts of the planet’s surface. Bondarenko’s team found that the lava flow was hotter than its surroundings---which may mean the lava flow is in the process of cooling.
The scientists say the lava flow can’t be very old because if it were, it would have cooled off enough that Magellan wouldn’t have noticed the difference in microwaves. She adds that the flow appears in a 1978 view of the surface that a craft called the Pioneer Venus Orbiter captured.
小题1:What happened to Magellan in the end?
| A．It was floating in space forever. |
| B．It flew into heavy clouds. |
| C．It returned to the Earth. |
| D．It fell onto Venus. |
| A．By looking at it with a powerful telescope. |
| B．By measuring the thickness of clouds over Venus. |
| C．By calculating the microwave bouncing off Venus’s surface. |
| D．By orbiting Venus for 4 years in a spacecraft. |
| A．Warm lava on Venus |
| B．More volcanic eruptions on Venus |
| C．Venus is just like a big active volcano |
| D．Lava flows are first found on Venus |
A. When a child should learn to read
B. Why it is fun to teach a child reading
C. What if a child has reading problems
D. How you prepare a young child for reading
E. What is the best way to teach a child reading
F. Whether reading early promises later achievements
小题1:
Learning to read early has become one of those indicators—in parents" minds at least—that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child. In some cases, there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training.
小题2:
Traditionally, American schools teach children at age six, but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten. If parents start too early to encourage reading, and a child does not immediately succeed, the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace.
小题3:
Over the years, research has proved that the use of both the “whole language” method and the “phonic” method works best for a child to master reading. While the whole language approach, which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading, is helpful, phonics must be taught. Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a “p” and another a “b”. Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able to understand the meaning of what is written.
小题4:
You can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children. Besides reading to them, parents can start “ear training” their child by playing rhyme games. This develops the child"s ability to recognize different sounds. In reading to children, parents also can point to words as they go, teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying. All this should be a fun activity.
小题5:
Once a child is in school, the learning of reading is inevitably more serious. For children who have some kind of reading difficulty, you must get a professional diagnosis. While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it, disinterest or poor performance in reading can stem from a number of things, some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on. But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child"s learning disabilities.
Decibels（分贝）measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decibel level of one hundred and ninety-five would have the same effect.
Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales.
A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that loud noises can seriously injure some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. This seriously affected the whales’ ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected.
Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.
Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. However, many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.
小题1:According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?
| A．The man-made noises. |
| B．The noises made by themselves. |
| C．The sound of earthquakes. |
| D．The sound of the ice-breaking. |
| A．They are deaf to noises. |
| B．Noises at a certain level may hurt them. |
| C．They are easily confused by noises. |
| D．Noises will limit their ability to reproduce. |
| A．prevent them from doing their research work |
| B．benefit them a lot in their research work |
| C．do good to their health |
| D．increase the industrial output |
| A．They will try their best to decrease noise. |
| B．They will work hard to cut down noise pollution. |
| C．They will study the effect of different noises. |
| D．They will protect animals from harmful noises. |
For example, they might stick themselves with a needle while treating patients. Such needle sticks are common. But a recent study found that medical students often fail to report them. Failing to report an injury like this can be dangerous if a patient, or a medical worker, has an infectious disease.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, did the study, which involved a survey answered by almost 700 surgeons in training in the United States.
Almost 60% said they had suffered needle stick injuries when they were in medical school. Many said they were stuck more than once. Yet nearly half of those whose most recent incident happened in school did not report it to a health office. If they had, they would have been tested to see if they needed treatment to prevent an infection like HIV or hepatitis.
Most known cases of HIV or hepatitis are reported, but other possible infections often are not. Martin Makary, the lead author of the study, says medical students who are stuck put themselves and others in danger from infectious diseases.
Doctor Makary said, "A needle that goes through the skin needs to be as sharp as possible.” Doctors in training may have to do hundreds of stitches (缝线) in some cases to close the skin after an operation.
Doctor Makary said, “I support using blunt tip needles which are considered safer. This needle is still sharp enough to go through body tissue, but it does have a blunt tip, so that if it accidentally goes into my finger, it"s much less likely to hurt me."
How common are needle sticks among health care workers? An estimated 600,000 to 800,000 of these and similar injuries are reported each year in the United States. But Doctor Makary says the real number may be much higher.
The study advises doctors to protect their hands by wearing two sets of gloves. It also urges hospitals to establish a special telephone number for medical workers and students to call if they are injured. The idea is for hospitals to send a clear message that there is no reason not to report this kind of accident.
小题1:It is dangerous for medical students not to report needle stick injuries because _________.
| A．they don’t know how to treat themselves. |
| B．they may meet more needle sticks |
| C．it may cause some diseases |
| D．it may make patients sad. |
| A．receive treatment | B．be forbidden to use sharp needles |
| C．spend more time on training | D．receive tests |
| A．not sharp | B．not safe | C．not long | D．not thick |
| A．Doctors who don’t report needle stick injuries will be punished. |
| B．Needle sticks among health care workers will reduce sharply in the future. |
| C．Most needle stick injuries happen in the United States. |
| D．Two suggestions are given to protect medical workers and students. |
| A．In an entertainment magazine | B．In a science magazine |
| C．In a storybook | D．In science fiction |
最新试题
- 1(2013·泰安一中阶段测试) —Do you think he can get first prize in jump
- 2从马克思主义者的立场上和制度创新的角度看，20世纪初期国际社会最重大的事件是A．第一次世界大战的爆发B．俄国十月革命胜利
- 3一辆质量为M的汽车以恒定功率P沿倾角为θ的斜坡向上起步，汽车所受的阻力为汽车重力的k倍，则下列说法正确的是（ ）A．汽
- 41920年，北京政府教育部颁布法令，规定自当年秋季起，国民小学的国文教科书不再使用文言文，改用白话国语。此一改变应与下列
- 5已知a，b，c在数轴上的位置如图所示，则下列结论正确的是[ ]A．a﹣c＞0B．abc＜0C．＜0D．|a|＞
- 6棱长为1的正方体ABCD-A1B1C1D1的8个顶点都在球O的表面上，E、F分别是棱AA1、DD1的中点，则直线EF被球
- 7一头质量为6 ×l03kg的大象，每只脚掌的面积为600 cm2，它的重力为____ N，四脚着地时对地面的压
- 8已知向量，的夹角为，且，则向量与向量的夹角等于（ ）.A． B．C．D．
- 9已知集合A={1，2，k}，B={2，5}，若A∪B={1，2，3，5}，则k=（ ）。
- 10在位于O处某海防哨所的北偏东60°相距6海里的A处，有一艘快艇正向正南方向航行，经过一段时间快艇到达哨所东南方向的B处，
热门考点
- 1Some students are so ______ that they often make mistakes in
- 2据国外资料报道，在独居石 (一种共生矿，化学成分为Ce、La、Nd等的磷酸盐)中，查明有尚未命名的116、124、126
- 3已知{an}是公差为d的等差数列，{bn}是公比为q的等比数列．（1）若an=3n+1，是否存在m、k∈N*，有am+a
- 4She loves the song , because her mother was once the sin
- 5设f(x)是R上的奇函数，当x>0时，f(x)＝2x＋x，则当x<0时，f(x)＝( )A．－(－)x－x
- 6（甲）黔无驴，有好事者船载以入。至则无可用，放之山下。虎见之，庞然大物也更，以为神，蔽林间窥之。稍出近之，慭慭然，莫相知
- 7【题文】函数f(x)对任意x满足条件f(x+2)= f(1)=－5，则f(f(5))=
- 8找出画线部分读音不同的选项A．brain ; pain; mainB．pay; lay; mayC．art; dark;
- 9东南亚居民以单衣薄裙为主。我们这里冬季穿棉夏季穿单。这种衣着习惯主要是受[ ]A．经济条件的影响B．物产差异的影
- 10如图所示，轻弹簧上端与一质量为m的木块1相连，下端与另一质量为M的木块2相连，整个系统置于水平放置的光滑木板上，并处于静