题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.
The study"s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing (引证) older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your friend who is slow to learn that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays against funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.
In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-esteem (自尊). The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.”
Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the forced self-affirmation (自我肯定). In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think of positive thoughts.
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic viewpoint. Call it the power of negative thinking.
小题1:The first paragraph is written _________.
A.to raise an argument about positive thinking |
B.to introduce the power of positive thinking |
C.to encourage people to have positive thoughts |
D.to introduce the $11 billion self-help industry |
A.positive thinking is not as powerful as negative thinking |
B.encouraging positive thinking may actually discourage people |
C.happy people can think positively while unhappy people can’t |
D.getting people to think positively can strengthen their confidence |
A.You are pointing out the mistakes he has made. |
B.You are reminding him that he is not intelligent. |
C.You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough. |
D.You are showing he has great potential in spite of faults. |
A.negative feelings must be got rid of |
B.there’s no point in thinking positively |
C.it doesn’t make sense to think negatively |
D.negative thinking is not always negative |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:B
小题4:D
解析
试题分析:人们通常认为,把消极的想法转换成积极的想法可以帮助我们获得成功,但事实果真如此吗?一项新的研究表明,积极的想法可能会带来相反的效果:人们变得更消极。
小题1:推理判断题。文章第一段是为了引发人们对于传统观点的质疑的讨论,即发起积极观点的想法的新的研究成果的引入。故选A。
小题2:细节理解题。由“Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.”可知积极的想法也许会让人们变得更加消极。故选B。
小题3:推理判断题。前文意为“他有爱因斯坦的潜质”,你的朋友会以为你在嘲讽他,因此他会感觉更加不好。故选B最佳。
小题4:推理判断题。由“ Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic viewpoint. Call it the power of negative thinking. ”可知,消极的想法也不全都是不利的。故选D。
核心考点
试题【The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn neg】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
.Greet and meet everyone in the dorm.Find out their class schedules and hobbies.You may be able to find study partners this way.Most students are just like you being away from their home the first time.Don"t be afraid toknock on your neighbors"doors and introduce yourself.The residence(居住区)staff will also help you in adjusting tocollege iife.Get to know them as soon as possible.
Get along with your roommate.Your roommates can be eitherr your lifelong friends or enemies.Try to be friends to them.Respect each other, including their space.Do not use your roommates’ belongings without permission.Communicate among each other regarding your daily schedule, study or sleep habits and off campus guest visits. Always say hello.
Get involved.To adjust to college life away from home,you need to got involved in college activities.Join clubs.Attend events that are hosted by your residence life and academic departments.Attend those events with your new friends. Most colleges have many events throughout the semester.Student union is a great place to meet new friends and learn about the upcoming events.
Call home when you need to.College life can be very exciting in the beginning. Most students get lonely and homesick during the middle of the semester or during festivals,It is normal to feel sad.Call home or even visit home when you need to. Talk to your friends back home.Understand that many people love and support you and they are very proud of you.
小题1:What does the text mainly tell us?
A.Advice on how to adjust to college life. |
B.Things that can be done in a dormitory. |
C.Places to live in when going to a college. |
D.Ways of making friends with roommates. |
A.Greet people everywhere. | B.Meet new friends. |
C.Share your hobbies. | D.Adjust to college life. |
A.Say hello to them frequently. |
B.Respect them and their space. |
C.Use their belongings secretly. |
D.Know about their living habits. |
A.find study partners | B.join clubs |
C.call your parents | D.talk to new friends |
A.Style and fashion. | B.Science and technology. |
C.Sports and health. | D.Culture and education. |
However, as Computerworld reports,Microsoft may have a tough time convincing some Windows XP users to upgrade because it"s trying to sell them on Windows 8,the newest operating system that has angered many longtime PC users by removing the traditional Start menu and by adding the interface(界面)a special feature.Computerworld writes that many Windows users expressed anger last month when Microsoft asked them to help switch as many people as they could from Windows XP to Windows 8 partly because Microsoft hasn’t offered any sort of discount for Windows XP users making the switch.
This is particularly tiresome, these users said,because switching from XP to Windows 8 won’t just require a software upgrade but will instead likely force them to buy new machines capable(能够)of running Microsoft’s new operating system.Some users were also annoyed that Microsoft only mentioned Windows 8 and not Windows 7 as upgrade possibilities.
In the end,it looks like when Microsoft ends support for Windows XP next month there will still be a large part of the desktop PC world using the platform.Hackers who have been saving up all their best new malware(恶意软件)for the day when Windows XP support ends are about to have a field day.
小题1:What problem does Microsoft have now?
A.Windows XP is out of date and needs improvement. |
B.Windows 8 runs worse than Windows XP. |
C.No people like to upgrade their operating system. |
D.Lots of users refuse to switch from XP to Windows 8. |
A.By sending them notices. |
B.By sending them daily emails. |
C.By adding the interface a special feature. |
D.By removing the traditional Start menu. |
A.Microsoft hasn’t offered any discount for it. |
B.They like Window 7 more than Window 8. |
C.Microsoft refuses to offer them a new machine. |
D.It’s impossible for them to use the new operating system. |
A.Show up without warning. |
B.Make rapid progress. |
C.Make full use of the opportunity. |
D.Come to an end completely. |
A.Windows XP will completely be out of use in a month. |
B.Windows XP will still be in use for a period of time. |
C.Windows 8 will have a longer history than Windows XP. |
D.Windows 7 will easily be attacked by Hackers. |
The class sit in a circle with their eyes shut and they count from one to ten: someone starts, the next voice comes from the far right, a third from the other side.
The aim of the game is to listen for an opportunity to shout out the number without clashing (冲突) with another voice or leaving a pause. On the first try, most of the young Germans try to be first, while a few are too shy to join in, but by the fifth time round, they develop a rhythm. The message: give other people space but also confidently claim your own. This is a requirement for social well-being.
The Willy Hellpach School in Heidelberg is the first in the nation to develop a happiness course. It is intended for students preparing for university entrance exams.
"The course isn"t there to make you happy," Ernst Fritz -Schubert, the school principal, warned pupils, "but rather to help you discover the ways to become happy."
Cooking a meal together is one of the class exercises. Improving body language under the guidance of two professional actresses is another.
The course is taught for three periods a week. Despite the happy subject, the pupils themselves insist it is no laughing matter.
"In the first period, we had to each say something positive about another member of the class and about ourselves. No laughing at people." said Fanny, 17.
Research by the school shows it is not the first to start happiness classes: they also exist at some U. S. universities, mainly based on positive thinking, using findings from studies of depression.
小题1:What"s the writing purpose of this passage?
A.To help students struggle against being sad. |
B.To describe all the traditional courses. |
C.To arouse the readers" interest in happiness. |
D.To introduce the happiness course. |
A.try their best to get opportunities for themselves |
B.practice how to speak in front of people |
C.equip them with required social skills |
D.confidently speak out one"s opinions |
A.to help students discover the ways to happiness |
B.to make all the students happy all the time |
C.required to be taken by the first year students |
D.created by the Willy Hellpach School |
A.the students can certainly become happy after the course |
B.the students just took the course as a laughing matter |
C.the students" self"-respect can also improve happiness |
D.the students waste time learning something without value |
H.G.Wells could only imagine travel to the moon.In 1969, human beings really did land on the moon.People today know that there are no underground cities on the moon.However, the question that the “moon people” asked is still an interesting one.A growing number of scientists are seriously thinking about it.
Underground systems are already in place.Many cities have underground car parks.In some cities, such as Tokyo, Seoul and Montreal, there are large underground shopping areas.The “Chunnel”, a tunnel(隧道) connecting England and France, is now complete.
But what about underground cities? Japan’s Taisei Corporation is designing a network of underground systems, called “Alice Cities.” The designers imagine using surface space for public parks and using underground space for flats, offices, shopping, and so on.A solar dome(太阳能穹顶) would cover the whole city.
Supporters of underground development say that building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth’s space.The surface, they say, can be used for farms, parks, gardens, and wilderness.H.G.Wells’ “moon people” would agree.Would you?
小题1:The explorers in H.G.Wells’ story were surprised to find that the “moon people” _____.
A.lived in so many underground cities |
B.knew so much about the earth |
C.understood their language |
D.were ahead of them in space technology |
A.Discovering the moon’s inner space. | B.Traveling to outer space. |
C.Meeting the “moon people” again. | D.Using the earth’s inner space. |
A.Tunnels, car parks, shopping areas. |
B.Offices, shopping areas, power stations. |
C.Gardens, car parks, power stations. |
D.Tunnels, gardens, offices. |
A.Alice Cities—cities of the future. | B.Space travel with H.G.Wells. |
C.Building down, not up. | D.Enjoy living underground. |
Social scientists have long tried to determine why some children grow up to be successful.In a 2001 study, Greg Duncan, a professor of education at the University of California, measured the influence that the people in a child"s life have on how well the child does in school.Duncan and his team found almost no relationship between how students did on the test and whom they sat beside in class, whom they hung out with after school and who lived in their block.The only meaningful link they found was between siblings (兄弟姐妹) and twins in particular.
For a long time, scholars thought that a family"s income heavily affected how well kids did in life.But that might not be the case.When Susan Mayer at the University of Chicago looked at the relationship between family income and lifetime achievement, she ran a series of experiments to measure it, finding such outcomes weren"t caused by income.She argued that the things that make a difference are relatively inexpensive: the number of books a kid has or how often his family goes to museums.
Lareau, another scholar began one of the most in-depth observations of American parenting.He concluded that success is much more related to the amount of time parents spend with their children.He said "Many parents I interviewed are anxious about their children"s futures.But they have exaggerated(夸大) the sense of the risks involved if they don"t give their children "the best" of everything."
So at last, we decided to leave things as it were.More time with our kid is the best we can provide.
小题1:The first paragraph is intended to _.
A.introduce the topic of the passage |
B.confirm the result of a research |
C.stress the importance of good education |
D.support a research on child development |
A.spend a lot of time with their children |
B.like to buy a variety of books for their children |
C.think children"s achievement largely depends on schools |
D.believe their income cannot afford children"s education |
A.Lareau. | B.Greg Duncan. | C.Susan Mayer. | D.James. |
A.Parents" time matters to children"s future. |
B.School education determines children"s future. |
C.Family income counts to children"s achievements. |
D.Less education means more risks for children"s success. |
最新试题
- 1阅读材料:“中华民国的主权,属于全体国民;国民不分种族、阶级、宗教信仰,一律平等;国民有居住、出版、言论、集会、结社、宗
- 2起重机将质量为100kg的物体从地面提升到10m高处,取g=10m/s2,在这个过程中,下列说法中正确的是( )A.重
- 3设NA为阿伏加德罗常数,下列叙述正确的是 [ ]A.24g镁原子最外层电子数为NAB.1 L 0.1 mol/L
- 4已知,各项均为正数的数列{an}满足a1=1,an+2=f(an),若a2010=a2012,则a20+a11的值是(
- 5把下面求n!的程序补充完整 ______,______,______.
- 6小敏做“研究导体的电阻大小与什么因素有关”的实验,采用了控制变量的方法(实验中温度对导体电阻的影响可忽略),可选用的导体
- 7材料一 十届全国人大常委会第二十三次会议通过了《各级人大常委会监督法》。 为保障人大常委会监督不失职、不越权。《监督法》
- 8阅读理解 More and more people like bicycling and it is no su
- 9一定质量的理想气体,状态变化过程如V-T图中ABC图线所示,由图线可知 A.AB过程气体吸热、压强增大B.BC过程气
- 10第二节回答问题(共3小题;每小题2分,满分6分)阅读下面短文,根据第58至60小题的具体要求,简要回答问题,并将答案转写
热门考点
- 1由磁感应强度的定义式B=可知( )A.磁感应强度与通电导线受到的磁场力成正比,与电流强度和导线长度的乘积成反比 B.
- 2根据拼音写汉字。⑴那春天的灵秀之气经过半年的积蓄,这时已酿成一种páng bó( )之势。⑵风里带来些新翻的泥土的气
- 3读汉江平原某城市空间站结构示意图(北部为新兴工业区,南部为传统工业区),回答18~19题。小题1:a、b、c、d四地中,
- 4铁丝在氧气中燃烧生成四氧化三铁:______.
- 5“探究平面镜成像的特点”实验中,小明用玻璃板、相同的两个棋子A及B、刻度尺、橡皮泥、白纸等器材进行实验,如图所示.(1)
- 6【题文】下列句子的句式与例句“太子及宾客知其事者”相同的一项是( )A.竖
- 7亚洲流经国家最多的国际性河流是( )A.湄公河B.红河C.印度河D.恒河
- 8 听下面5段对话。 每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案,并将其标号填入题前括号内
- 9中学生年龄还小,还无法对社会负责,因此也就无须对社会负责。[ ]
- 10下列关于经纬线的说法,正确的是[ ]A.每条经线和纬线都自成一个圆圈B.经线长度相等,纬线长度不相等C.地球仪上