题目

题型：不详难度：来源：

In recent years, the world has made progress in reducing deaths among children under the age of five. A new report says an estimated 6.9 million children worldwide died before their fifth birthday. That compares to about twelve million in1990.
The report says child mortality rates have fallen in all areas. It says the number of deaths is down by at least 50 percent in eastern, western and southeastern Asia. The number also fell in North Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean.
Ties Boerma is head of the WHO’s Department of Health Statistics and Informatics. He says most child deaths happen in just a few areas.
TIES BOERMA: “Sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia face the greatest challenges in child survival. More than eighty percent of child deaths in the world occur in these two regions. About half of child deaths occur in just five countries—India, which actually takes twenty-four percent of the global total; Nigeria, eleven percent; the Democratic Republic of Congo, seven percent; Pakistan, five percent and China, four percent of under-five deaths in the world.”
Ties Boerma notes that, in developed countries, one child in one hundred fifty-two dies before his or her fifth birthday. But south of the Sahara Desert, one out of nine children dies before the age of five. In Asia, the mortality rate is one in sixteen.  
The report lists the top five causes of death among children under five worldwide. They are pneumonia, diarrhea, malaria and problems both before and during birth.
Tessa Wardlaw is with the U-N Children’s Fund. She is pleased with the progress being made in Sub-Saharan Africa. The area has the highest under-five mortality rate in the world. But she says the rate of decline in child deaths has more than doubled in Africa.
TESSA WARDLAW: “We welcome the widespread progress in child survival, but we importantly want to stress that there’s a lot of work that remains to be done. There’s unfinished business and the fact is that today on average, around nineteen thousand children are still dying every day from largely preventable causes.”
The World Health Organization says one way to solve these problems is to make sure health care services are available to women. In this way, medical problems can be avoided or treated when identified.
小题1:Since 1990, the number of the children who died before 5 in the world has dropped by about__________.

A．6,900,000

B．12,000,000

C．1,200,000

D．5,100,000

小题2: What does the underlined word “mortality” ( in Paragraph 2)mean?

A．illness

B．reduction

C．death

D．problem

小题3:According to the passage, the readers are likely to believe that __________.

A．child mortality rates have fallen just in five areas

B．Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest under-five mortality rate in the world

C．in developed countries, no children die before the age of five

D．the world has made little progress in reducing the rates of child mortality

小题4:______ is the top-one cause of death among children under five worldwide.

A．Global warming

B．Malaria

C．Pneumonia

D．Diarrhea

小题5:What will be probably referred to in the following paragraph?

A．Women do not want to have babies.

B．How more health care services are available to women.

C．Medical problems are completely solved.

D．The World Health Organization.

答案

小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:C
小题5:B

解析

试题分析：文章介绍现在5岁前死亡的孩子数量减少了，分析孩子死亡的原因和分布的地区，以及如何更好的解决这个问题。
小题1:计算题：从第一段的句子：A new report says an estimated 6.9 million children worldwide died before their fifth birthday. That compares to about twelve million in1990.可知5岁前死亡的孩子数量减少了5,100,000
，选D
小题2:猜词题：从第二段的句子：It says the number of deaths is down by at least 50 percent in eastern, western and southeastern Asia 可知这个单词是“死亡”的意思。选C
小题3:细节题：从第四段的句子：“Sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia face the greatest challenges in child survival. More than eighty percent of child deaths in the world occur in these two regions. 可知选B
小题4:细节题：从第六段的句子：The report lists the top five causes of death among children under five worldwide. They are pneumonia, diarrhea, malaria and problems both before and during birth.可知pneumonia是全世界5岁以下儿童死亡的头号原因。选C
小题5:推理题：从最后一段的句子：The World Health Organization says one way to solve these problems is to make sure health care services are available to women. In this way, medical problems can be avoided or treated when identified.可知接下来一段的内容是如何妇女获得医疗护理。选B
点评：本文考查细节题为主，细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息或是其变体。搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。