题目
题型：北京中考真题难度：来源：
what you"ve been thinking about lately. When you leave, she gives you some medicine, but also a list of
thinking skills that you are supposed to practice daily. She says that the way you think is causing some of
your illness.
Doctors and other scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way
that they do, called psychologists, are starting to believe it. You know that your brain is connected to every
part of your body through your nervous system (神经系统). Now scientists have proved that how you think
and feel can have an influence on the health of your body.
Stress (压力, 紧张) is caused whenever there is a problem or a change in your life. Of course, everybody
has stress more or less; nobody"s life is perfect. In fact, stress is necessary. Without stress, we would never
learn anything or grow or change. We would probably be bored to death. But too much stress can hurt you.
It can weaken your body"s protection so that you are more likely to catch diseases. It can even make you more
likely to have an accident.
When you feel stress, your brain sends a message to your body to produce a chemical called adrenaline (肾
上腺素) . Adrenaline speeds up your breathing and your heartbeat. Today you have a different kind of stress.
Problems like endless homework or troubles with your family are the kind of things you can"t fight or run away
from, so you don"t use up all that adrenaline.lt just stays bottled up inside you, and that"s what can do something
bad to you.
What can you do about stress? First, you can try to find ways to change things so you aren"t under so much
stress. You can set up a plan to finish homework or go to a doctor or a psychologist to try to work things out
with your family or your friends. But sometimes you can"t change a stressful situation. Sometimes you don"t
even want to. A big change might be a good change, but it will still be stressful.
The link (关联) between your body and brain works in two ways. Your body can help your mind deal with
stress. If you are under stress, you need to take especially good care of your body. It"s important to get enough
sleep and eat nutritious meals. Some people take a vitamin-mineral pill every day. Another thing that you can do
is daily exercise, If you go walking or do aerobic dancing or work out at the gym, you give your body a chance
to burn up some of that adrenaline. Of course, a person who isn"t used to much physical activity should start
slowly. Anyone with a continuing physical problem should check with a doctor before starting any exercise
programs.
B. thoughts and behaviour
C. mind and nervous system
D. physical activity and daily exercise
B. One can do his homework to burn up adrenaline.
C. Diseases and accidents are caused by stress.
D. Everyone needs stress to improve himself.
B. it"s not stressful when a good change takes place
C. a big change will cause another stressful situation
D. a stressful situation can"t be changed without any effort
B. The Causes of Stress
C. The Advice on Health
D. The Nervous System
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 It"s 2009. You feel sick, so you go to the doctor. She checks your fev】；主要考察你对教育文化类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
●Relax yourself
Before you start to listen to something, you need to relax. Don"t get nervous or excited. This will help
you with your listening.
●Listen carefully to the first sentence
The first sentence tells a lot about the whole passage. For example, if, at the very beginning, you hear
"Many shops in many parts of China have decided to take away all kinds of Japanese goods off their shelves,
but some people say it"s not a good idea. Our reporter says…", you know you will hear a piece of news, not
a children"s story, or a science report.
●Think when you"re listening
When you"re listening, try to do some thinking. For example, you can think of the following questions:
What happened? When, where, and how? What was the result and what did the speaker want to tell us? In
this way, you may understand the passage better.
● Listen to important facts It"s important for you to remember some important facts. For example, if the
passage is a science report, you should try to remember its findings, and how the scientists got their results.
This is also helpful to your listening.
| Before you start to listen to something, | 1. you need to ______. |
| Listen carefully to the first sentence, | 2. because it tells______ about the whole passage. |
| To understand the passage better, | 3. try to ______ and remember some important facts. |
| What"s the writer"s purpose of this passage? | 4. ______ |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| To take good notes, you need to be able to do two things very quickly: first, you must understand main topic; second, your hand must work as fast as your ears so that you can write down as much information as possible. You don‘t have to learn how to write down what you hear. But you do need to practice a few simple skills to help you to be good at note-taking. Also, you should learn how to write only the most important words in short forms from each sentence without taking notice of the rest. In the old days, people sent telegrams to each other. When they did it, they had to pay by the word, and it was expensive. That is why they sent very short telegrams which included only the most important words. Let’s compare these two examples: ●"I will be arriving tomorrow, Monday, April 15,on TWA flight number 222, at JFK airport." ●"Arrive 15th TWA 222 JFK" Which would be more expensive? When you take notes, you have a similar problem. In this case it is not money, but time. For that reason, it is a good idea to practice listening for only the most important sentences, and only the most important words in those sentences. 根据短文内容完成下面各题。 1. To take good notes, first, you must understand main ______. 2. Second, your hand must work as ______ as your ears. 3. Also you should learn how to write only the important words ______ from each sentence. 5. The writer"s purpose is ______. | |
| 阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。 | |
| Imagine having a bedroom that interacts with you. If you"re sad, it will arrange for some of your friends to come over to cheer you up. If you"re happy, it might respond by playing your favorite game with you. Does it sound like something out of a science-fiction movie? Well, it"s really something out of the Georgia Institute of Technology. Irfan Essa works at the computer lab there. He has developed a computer system that can look at you and recognize your mood. He calls it the "expression recognition system." Essa says, "We are trying to get computers to act like a human brain. But the human brain is not like one computer, it is like many working together." In Essa"s system, many computers work together. First, a camera in the bedroom takes a picture of your face. The camera feeds the image to a computer. In the computer"s memory, there are pictures showing how the muscles of your face move when you are in different moods. For example, cheek muscles move in one way when you are happy and smiling and in another way when you are nervous and tense. The computer compares your picture to the face-muscle images stored in its memory. It tries to find the best match. That"s how it figures out your mood! Then the computer sends messages to other computers in the system. If you look happy, a computer may put on lively music. If you look tired and discouraged, a different computer may turn on the TV for you. How could the "expression recognition system" help us in important ways? Essa thinks that the system can help us create computers that are better teachers. Many people learn new skills through computer programs. "When I teach, I look at people"s faces," Essa explains. "If my students look confused, I know they didn"t understand. With this technology, a computer canal-so know if a student is learning." Today, this new technology can be found only in labs, but Essa predicts we"ll see it out of the lab in a few years. So get ready. One day, you might walk into a room that will soon become your best friend. | |
| 1. Can the new computer system look at you and recognize your mood? ___________________________________________________________ 2. What happens first in the bedroom in Essa"s system? ___________________________________________________________ 3. Will the computer put on lively music or turn on the TV if you look happy? ___________________________________________________________ 4. How does the "expression recognition system" make computers better teachers? ___________________________________________________________ 5. What will future rooms be like? ___________________________________________________________ | |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| Each year Ben is glad when school is closed on Martin Luther King Jr. Day. Ben knows that this day honors an important man, but Ben does not feel connected to him. However, the small-world theory (理论) connects Ben to Dr. King. Ben"s mom (0) has a close friend, Amy (1). Amy"s uncle, Mark (2), once met and spoke to John Carter (3), the son of President Jimmy Carter (4). Jimmy Carter knew Dr. King (5). In a way, Ben is only "five people a-way" from Martin Luther King Jr. The small-world theory says that everyone in the world is connected through a short chain (链条) of people they know. Another name of this chain is degrees of separation. Each degree is a step that separates a person from someone he or she does not know. There are zero degrees of separation between a person and the people he or she knows directly. This means that there are zero degrees between Ben and his mom. There is one degree of separation when just one person separates someone from a person he or she does not know. Ben knows his mom, but he hasn"t met her close friend Amy. Therefore, Ben is one degree away from Amy. As the chain continues. Amy"s uncle, Mark, is two degrees. John Carter is three degrees, and his father is four degrees. Dr. King is five degrees away from Ben. The theory says that there are no more than six degrees of separation between any two people in the world. The small-world theory has a lot to do with math. The theory assumes (假定) that each per-son knows 100 people. Each one of those 100 people knows 50 different people. Each of those 50 people knows another 50 people, and so on. When someone continues the calculation" to six degrees, it is like this: 100 × 50 × 50 × 50 × 50 × 50 = 31.25 × 109. This number is greater than 31 billion (a billion=a thousand million). There are over 6 billion people in the world. These numbers show it is possible that six degrees of separation could include everyone in the world. Does the small-world theory work? No one has ever proved it. Maybe the theory just invites people to think a little more about their places in the world. | |
| 1. Ben is two degrees away from ______. | |
| A. Jimmy Carter B. John Carter C. Amy D. Mark | |
| 2. What is the meaning of "degrees of separation" in Paragraph 2? | |
| A. The chain to connect people. B. The relations between people. C. The steps of knowing strangers. D.The separation between strangers. | |
| 3. What is the small-world theory mainly about? | |
| A. How far Ben is away from Dr. King. B. How many people one can get to know. C. How people are connected in the world. D. How the degrees of separation are set up. | |
| 4. We can learn from the article that ______. | |
| A. the small-world theory works B. more research is needed to prove the theory C. six degrees are needed to know the strangers D. the writer"s purpose is to help people find out their places | |
| 阅读简答：阅读下面短文，简要回答文后问题。 | |
| History is the story of us, human beings. Everyone who has lived and everything that has happened are part of history. But history is not only what happened in the past. The word also means the study of the past, through old written records and other kinds of facts. Why do we study history? One reason is that we enjoy it. A good story is even better if it is true, and history is full of good stories, though they can be terrible too. A more serious reason is to understand ourselves and the world we live in. To understand events happening now, we need to know their causes. We cannot understand the present if we know nothing about the past. History helps to explain why things are the way they are. Of course, history books cannot tell us everything about the past, not even everything that is recorded. A history of the world has to pick out the people and events that changed the world. Since ancient times, great civilizations have appeared in different countries and regions. Usually, only three or four existed at the same time. While they lasted, they changed the lives not only of their own people, but of their neighbors too. 注：(1) civilizations 文明 (2) exist 存在 (3) region 地区 | |
| 1. What is history? __________________________________________________________ 2. How do we study history? __________________________________________________________ 3. Why do we study history? Please give two reasons. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 4. What have appeared in different countries and regions since ancient times? __________________________________________________________ 5. What title can you give to the passage? __________________________________________________________ |