题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
The pyramid has six parts to show the five food groups and fats, oils and sweets. Basic(基本的)foods are at the bottom(底部)and include bread and rice. In two middle parts are vegetables and fruits. In two top parts are milk and cheese, and meat, fish, eggs and so on.
The plate has four parts: vegetables, fruits, grains, and protein, and a side order of dairy(乳制品)in blue. The big message is that fruits and vegetables take up half the plate and the vegetable part is a little bigger than the fruit part. The grain part is bigger than the protein part. The MyPlate seems to be encouraging us to eat different food groups at each meal.
First Lady, Michelle Obama, has introduced the plate. And she will use it with her family. She said the pyramid just wasn’t easy enough for parents and kids to follow.
小题1: MyPlate is for_______.
| A．weight training | B．healthy eating | C．protecting animals | D．sleeping well |
| A．Meat, fish and eggs. | B．Vegetables and fruits. |
| C．Bread and rice. | D．Fats, oils and sweets. |
a. vegetables b. fruits c. grains d. protein e. dairy
A． | B． | C． | D． |
| A．colorful | B．wasteful | C．simple | D．useful |
| A．First Lady, Michelle Obama, likes the plate |
| B．Michelle Obama invented the plate |
| C．First Lady’s family don’t want to use the plate |
| D．the pyramid is too difficult for us to follow |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:B
小题5:A
解析
试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了金字塔食物指南告诉人们每天要吃什么。现在它已经被一个叫MyPlate的彩色的盘子代替。这种盘子更容易让人遵循健康的饮食。
小题1:细节理解题。根据短文第一段The food guide pyramid(金字塔)was the model for healthy eating in the United States. Now it has been replaced(代替)by a colorful plate—called MyPlate描述，金字塔食物指南在美国是健康饮食的一个模型，现在已经被一个叫MyPlate的彩色的盘子代替。由此可知MyPlate是针对健康饮食的，故选B
小题2:细节理解题。根据第二段In two top parts are milk and cheese, and meat, fish, eggs and so on.描述可知肉鸡蛋鱼在最顶层，故选A
小题3:推理判断题。根据第三段描述，故选C
小题4:细节理解题。根据短文描述，我们知道这个盘子形的饮食模型是彩色的，简单的，有用的，故选B，浪费的。
小题5:归纳理解题。根据最后一段描述First Lady, Michelle Obama, has introduced the plate. And she will use it with her family. She said the pyramid just wasn’t easy enough for parents and kids to follow.第一夫人,米歇尔·奥巴马已经介绍了这种盘子。她会和家人,使用它。她说,金字塔模型不够容易让家长和孩子们遵循。
核心考点
试题【The food guide pyramid(金字塔)was the model for healthy eating in the United States】；主要考察你对科普环保类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
In the study, Reut Gruber and some other scientists either added or reduced on hour of sleep for healthy children aged 7 to 11. They watched the children for five nights. They wanted to know if the amount of sleep can affect a child’s behavior.
Before the study began, students were asked to sleep the same amount of hours as usual. Their teachers were asked to record their behavior. After five nights of the records, scientists found that those who slept one hour less behaved worse than those who slept one hour more. Students with less sleep were more likely to feel sad and had more problems paying attention.
The scientists chose to study children in their homes instead of in a laboratory, because they wanted to find out how everyday changes might affect children’s behavior at school. “In the study, nobody became a talent, and nobody became crazy. But small changes in children can really make a big difference,” says Gruber.
小题1: Scientists worry that_______ may cause children to sleep less.
| A．too much homework |
| B．pressure from parents |
| C．TV and computer games |
| D．parents’ bad sleeping habits |
| A．why children can’t get enough sleep |
| B．how long children should sleep every night |
| C．what children like to do before they go to sleep |
| D．if the amount of sleep can affect a child’s behavior |
| A．Teachers. | B．Parents. | C．Scientists. | D．Psychologists. |
| A．were more likely to feel excited |
| B．were more active in playing games |
| C．had more problems paying attention |
| D．didn’t want to answer questions in class |
| A．a laboratory | B．a classroom |
| C．a children’s club | D．the children’s homes |
| Problems | Causes | Advice |
| Feelstressed | Too much homework. Don’t have enough time for their hobbies. | Make a plan for study and hobbies. Find time to relax. |
| Get shortsighted（近视） | Too much homework. Bad study habits. | Do homework or read in a correct way. |
| Fight witheach other | Don’t know how to get on well with classmates. | Make more friends and understand each other. |
| Don’t liketo study | The bad influence of computer games | Play computer games just for a short time. |
| Get fat | Have more pocket money to buy snacks. Don’t like to do exercise. | Use your pocket money to do something meaningful(有意义的). Do exercise every day. |
A. Four. B. Five. C. Six.
小题2:What problems are caused by too much homework?
A. Get fat.
B. Fight with each other.
C. Feel stressed and get short sighted.
小题3:If Simon is feeling stressed， he should .
A. do much more homework
B. buy some snacks
C. make a plan for study and hobbies
小题4:Peter doesn’t like study. Maybe he .
A. plays too many computer games
B. has no pocket money
C. gets fatter and fatter
小题5: is a good way for students to stop fights.
A. Doing less homework
B. Learning how to make friends
C. Playing computer games
1．Wearing the wrong type of glasses will do harm to your eyes .
This is not true for adults , although incorrect glasses may not be good for children under 10 . Ready-made glasses , and not wearing when you should , won’ t do harm to your eyes , but you may see better with glasses that are specially made for you .
2．Watching too much television is bad for you eyes .
This is not true. People with easily affected eyes may find they get red and aching from staring at a fixed distance for long periods , but there won’ t be any lasting effects .
3. Carrots will help you see in the dark. Carrots are rich in beta-carotene, which the body can change into vitamin A, too little of which can cause night blindness. However , people in most countries don’ t need to worry about vitamin A deficiency（缺乏）, night blindness is more likely to be connected with another vision problem .
小题1:According to the passage , which of the following is TRUE ?
A．Ready-made glasses will do harm to one’s eyes.
B．Wearing the wrong glasses may do harm to children’s eyes.
C．The human body is unable to change beta-carotene into vitamin A.
D．Watching less television may do harm to children’s eyes.
小题2:Night blindness is most likely caused by _____ .
| A．staring for long periods |
| B．too much beta-carotene |
| C．not enough vitamin A |
| D．vision problems |
| A．wearing specially-made glasses |
| B．performing eye exercises |
| C．cutting back on television |
| D．eating more carrots |
| A．night blindness |
| B．lasting eye problems |
| C．a number of vision problems |
| D．eye trouble for a limited time |
| A．tell people of the importance of their eyes |
| B．tell people how to protect their eyes |
| C．tell people to have more carrots |
| D．tell people something more about their eyes |
“That test was not only a test of knowledge, but also a test of morality（道德）. We wanted to show the students how important honesty（诚实）is,” said the school’s headmaster. Next year, it wants 80% of its exams to be without teachers. But students have different ideas.
“I was happy and excited during the exam because my teachers trusted（信任）me,” said a 15-year –old girl in Class 11.
“Schools must trust students a lot and do not use invigilators（监考人）in exams. But I think it is too early. Some students will cheat（作弊）if there are no invigilators. And the students will not be able to ask for help when they need,” said another student.
“I don’t like having invigilators in exams. When they walk around the classroom, they make me nervous. I would get higher marks without them in the room because I would feel more relaxed,” a third student said.
“I think it’s very important to have invigilators in exams. Many students want to check their answers with each other after they have finished papers. And invigilators can also keep the classroom in order when something unusual happens. They may make me nervous, but I still think we need them,” a girl student said.
No-teacher exams may be a good idea. But before using them, schools must tell students the importance of honesty and try to find ways to solve something unusual in exams.
小题1:Why did No. 35 Middle School of Shenyang hold a no – teacher exam?
| A．Because the teachers were too busy with their work. |
| B．Because it wanted to show the students the importance of honesty. |
| C．Because the students didn’t need their teachers to invigilate. |
| D．Because the headmaster wanted to know who cheats in exams. |
| A．One | B．Two | C．Three | D．Four |
| A．Students | B．Teachers | C．Invigilators | D．No-teacher exams |
| A．More students will cheat if there are no invigilators in exams. |
| B．No-teachers exams can make students honest and get good grades. |
| C．Most students are worried about having no invigilators in class exams. |
| D．Some students may feel relaxed if there are no invigilators in exams. |
Scientists have found that all people yawn. Babies start to yawn even before they are born. The earliest yawn takes place when a baby is still inside its mother. When young children are about one year old, they start to yawn when they see others yawning. That’s why scientists seem to think yawning is contagious.
It’s no secret that yawning is contagious, but why do we yawn? Well, scientists are not really sure.
Some think we yawn because we feel bored. Recently scientists studied two groups of students between the ages of 17 and 19. One group watched music videos, and the other watched a boring color test. Scientists compared the numbers of their yawns and found that the color test group yawned more times than the video group.
Another reason for yawning has to do with breathing. Some scientists believe that when we are bored or tired, we breathe more slowly. As our breathing slows down, we cannot get rid of （去除）enough carbon dioxide, our bodies will tell the brains（大脑）to breathe deeply. The result is a big yawn.
In 2007, scientists suggested a new reason. They said that the reason why people yawned was to cool down their brains. These scientists found that people who were warmer than others yawned more often.
Scientists are still trying to find out why yawning happens and why it is so contagious. But they are only sure that when one person yawns, almost everyone else nearby wants to yawn, too.
小题1:The underlined word “contagious” in Paragraph 1 means _________.
| A．helpful to our health |
| B．passing from one person to another |
| C．hard to understand |
| D．getting into one trouble after another |
| A．born | B．one year old | C．17 or 19 years old | D．inside their mothers |
①People yawn because they are bored
②People yawn to catch others’ attention
③People yawn to cool down their brains
④People yawn to get rid of carbon dioxide.
| A．①②③ | B．②③④ | C．①②④ | D．①③④ |
| A．storybook | B．travel guidebook | C．movie poster | D．science magazine |
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