题目

题型：不详难度：来源：

London used to be “foggy” for the same reason that cities like Beijing or Chongqing are “foggy” today. The “fog” was in fact smog, a mixture of smoke and fog. In other words, it was made by air pollution. In London, some of this pollution came from factories, but much of it came from the coal (煤) that people burnt in their houses to keep warm during the winter. By the 1950s, London’s smog problem had become so bad that the government decided to do something to clean the air. A new law was made and nobody could burn coal in any British city. Within a few years, the air became much cleaner. There were no more “pea-soupers”.
Many Chinese cities now face the same sort of problem with air pollution that London faced 40 or 50 years ago. However, this problem is more difficult for Chinese cities to solve. One reason is that more of the pollution comes from the factories, rather than from coal burnt in people’s houses. If these factories were closed, this would harm the economy and lots of people would lose their jobs. Another reason is that changing from coal to cleaner fuel (燃料), like gas, is quite expensive.
However, the air in many Chinese cities is becoming cleaner and cleaner, as the government and people pay more and more attention to cutting down pollution. As a result, there are fewer “pea-soupers” in Beijing than there used to be.
小题1:What was the main reason for air pollution in London?

A．There was too much smoke in the sky.

B．There were too many factories in the city.

C．People burnt too much coal in the houses.

D．The city was too big for the cleaners to clean.

小题2:How did the air in London become much cleaner?

A．There was not so much fog in the winter later.

B．A law was made to keep people from burning coal in their houses.

C．Many factories in the city were closed.

D．People paid more attention to cleaning their city.

小题3:What does the underlined word “pea-soupers” refer to?

A．Smog.

B．Smoke.

C．Gas.

D．Coal.

小题4:The problem of air pollution is more difficult for Chinese cities to solve because of _____ reasons.

A．one

B．two

C．three

D．four

小题5:Which sentence is NOT true?

A．Air pollution is serious in Beijing and Chongqing.

B．Using coal is much more expensive than using gas.

C．Factories made much more pollution in China.

D．The reasons of air pollution in London and Beijing are different.

答案

小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:B

解析

试题分析：伦敦曾经被称为雾都，现在中国像北京、重庆这样的大城市也开始有雾霾了。污染一来自工厂二来自公民用煤， 中国的大城市主要是因为前者，而英国则是后者。中国还不能治理，因为工厂关闭意味着很多人失业。随着政府和公民在清洁空气方面的不断努力，空气变得越来越干净了。
小题1:细节理解题。根据In London, some of this pollution came from factories, but much of it came from the coal (煤) that people burnt in their houses to keep warm during the winter.。可知，伦敦的污染大部分来自冬天人们为了取暖而烧的煤。故选C。
小题2:细节理解题。根据A new law was made and nobody could burn coal in any British city.可知，英国政府制定了新的法律，在英国任何一个城市没有人可以烧煤。故选B。
小题3:词义推测题。根据前一句的意思，任何人不得燃煤的规定执行几年后，英国的空气变得干净多了。可知本句的意思是：空气干净了，不再有一开始提到的烟雾了。故选A。
小题4:细节理解题。根据，中国的城市污染不能解决的原因有二。一、更多的污染来自工厂；二、煤改清洁燃料的费用太贵了。故选B。
小题5:细节理解题。题目要求我们判断不正确的描述。A. Air pollution is serious in Beijing and Chongqing.空气污染在北京和重庆很严重；文章第一句话就提到了；B. Using coal is much more expensive than using gas. 用煤比用气贵得多。根据Another reason is that changing from coal to cleaner fuel (燃料), like gas, is quite expensive.可知，把煤改成像气那样的燃料太贵了。所以与事实不符。C. Factories made much more pollution in China.在中国工厂的污染更多。根据文章第二段可知，工厂的污染大，又没有办法关闭，因为很多人会失业；所以C的陈述正确；D. The reasons of air pollution in London and Beijing are different.伦敦和北京的污染不一样。伦敦的污染是因为市民取暖用煤；北京的污染是因为工厂的原因。所以不一样。陈述正确。故选B。